Name: transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach for thyroid lobectomy
Uploaded: 2023-05-12T12:15:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy at JoVE.com

我们感谢所有参与这项研究的患者的合作。本研究得到了四川省科技厅项目基金的支持。（批准号：2021YFS0103）。

该研究经四川大学华西医院医学伦理委员会批准（2018[457]），并取得所有受试者的书面知情同意。
1.术前准备
<ol><li>患者资格<ol><li>选择对美容有严格要求并符合以下标准的患者：（1）良性结节直径<4cm;（2）分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）直径<2cm，临床无侧淋巴结转移或远处转移;（3）无中央淋巴结转移或转移性淋巴结直径<2cm且无融合和固定的影像学指征。</li>
		<li>排?...

<ol>
	<li>Latifi, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Outcomes+of+1,327+patients+operated+on+through+twelve+multispecialty+surgical+volunteerism+missions:+A+retrospective+cohort+study.">Outcomes of 1,327 patients operated on through twelve multispecialty surgical volunteerism missions: A retrospective cohort study.</a> International Journal of Surgery. 60, 15-21 (2018).</li><li>Liao, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+neck+surgery+prevents+attentional+bias+towards+the+neck+compared+to+open+neck+surgery.">Transoral neck surgery prevents attentional bias towards the neck compared to open neck surgery.</a> Laryngoscope. 130 (6), 1603-1608 (2020).</li><li>Best, A. R., Shipchandler, T. Z., Cordes, S. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Midcervical+scar+satisfaction+in+thyroidectomy+patients.">Midcervical scar satisfaction in thyroidectomy patients.</a> Laryngoscope. 127 (5), 1247-1252 (2017).</li><li>Choi, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+postthyroidectomy+scar+on+the+quality+of+life+of+thyroid+cancer+patients.">Impact of postthyroidectomy scar on the quality of life of thyroid cancer patients.</a> Annals of Dermatology. 26 (6), 693-699 (2014).</li><li>Kang, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Robotic+thyroid+surgery+using+a+gasless,+transaxillary+approach+and+the+da+Vinci+S+system:+The+operative+outcomes+of+338+consecutive+patients.">Robotic thyroid surgery using a gasless, transaxillary approach and the da Vinci S system: The operative outcomes of 338 consecutive patients.</a> Surgery. 146 (6), 1048-1055 (2009).</li><li>Choe, J. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endoscopic+thyroidectomy+using+a+new+bilateral+axillo-breast+approach.">Endoscopic thyroidectomy using a new bilateral axillo-breast approach.</a> World Journal of Surgery. 31 (3), 601-606 (2007).</li><li>Inukai, M., Usui, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+evaluation+of+gasless+endoscopic+thyroid+surgery.">Clinical evaluation of gasless endoscopic thyroid surgery.</a> Surgery Today. 35 (3), 199-204 (2005).</li><li>Terris, D. J., Singer, M. C., Seybt, M. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Robotic+facelift+thyroidectomy:+II.+Clinical+feasibility+and+safety.">Robotic facelift thyroidectomy: II. Clinical feasibility and safety.</a> Laryngoscope. 121 (8), 1636-1641 (2011).</li><li>Russell, J. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+thyroid+and+parathyroid+surgery+via+the+vestibular+approach-a+2020+update.">Transoral thyroid and parathyroid surgery via the vestibular approach-a 2020 update.</a> Gland Surgery. 9 (2), 409-416 (2020).</li><li>Chai, Y. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+for+papillary+thyroid+microcarcinoma:+Initial+experience+of+a+single+surgeon.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Initial experience of a single surgeon.</a> Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research. 93 (2), 70-75 (2017).</li><li>Anuwong, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+vestibular+approach:+A+series+of+the+first+60+human+cases.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach: A series of the first 60 human cases.</a> World Journal of Surgery. 40 (3), 491-497 (2016).</li><li>Arora, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+perception+of+scar+cosmesis+following+thyroid+and+parathyroid+surgery:+A+prospective+cohort+study.">The perception of scar cosmesis following thyroid and parathyroid surgery: A prospective cohort study.</a> International Journal of Surgery. 25, 38-43 (2016).</li><li>Dionigi, G., Chai, Y. J., Tufano, R. P., Anuwong, A., Kim, H. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+via+a+vestibular+approach:+Why+and+how.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via a vestibular approach: Why and how.</a> Endocrine. 59 (2), 275-279 (2018).</li><li>Wang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Implementation+of+intraoperative+neuromonitoring+for+transoral+endoscopic+thyroid+surgery:+A+preliminary+report.">Implementation of intraoperative neuromonitoring for transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery: A preliminary report.</a> Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A. 26 (12), 965-971 (2016).</li><li>Wu, G. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endoscopic+central+lymph+node+dissection+via+breast+combined+with+oral+approach+for+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma:+A+preliminary+study.">Endoscopic central lymph node dissection via breast combined with oral approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma: A preliminary study.</a> World Journal of Surgery. 41 (9), 2280-2282 (2017).</li><li>Yang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complete+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+via+oral+vestibular+approach+versus+areola+approach+for+treatment+of+thyroid+diseases.">Complete endoscopic thyroidectomy via oral vestibular approach versus areola approach for treatment of thyroid diseases.</a> Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A. 25 (6), 470-476 (2015).</li><li>Su, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Does+the+number+of+parathyroid+glands+autotransplanted+affect+the+incidence+of+hypoparathyroidism+and+recovery+of+parathyroid+function.">Does the number of parathyroid glands autotransplanted affect the incidence of hypoparathyroidism and recovery of parathyroid function.</a> Surgery. 164 (1), 124-129 (2018).</li><li>Doyle, D. J., Hendrix, J. M., Garmon, E. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=American+Society+of+Anesthesiologists+Classification.">American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification.</a> StatPearls. , (2022).</li><li>Park, J. O., Kim, M. R., Kim, D. H., Lee, D. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+via+the+trivestibular+route.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via the trivestibular route.</a> Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research. 91 (5), 269-272 (2016).</li><li>Dionigi, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy:+Preliminary+experience+in+Italy.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy: Preliminary experience in Italy.</a> Updates in Surgery. 69 (2), 225-234 (2017).</li><li>Udelsman, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Trans-oral+vestibular+endocrine+surgery:+A+new+technique+in+the+United+States.">Trans-oral vestibular endocrine surgery: A new technique in the United States.</a> Annals of Surgery. 264 (6), 13-16 (2016).</li><li>Choe, J. -. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endoscopic+thyroidectomy+using+a+new+bilateral+axillo-breast+approach.">Endoscopic thyroidectomy using a new bilateral axillo-breast approach.</a> World Journal of Surgery. 31 (3), 601-606 (2007).</li><li>Son, S. K., Kim, J. H., Bae, J. S., Lee, S. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+safety+and+oncologic+effectiveness+in+robotic+versus+conventional+open+thyroidectomy+in+thyroid+cancer:+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Surgical safety and oncologic effectiveness in robotic versus conventional open thyroidectomy in thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Annals of Surgical Oncology. 22 (9), 3022-3032 (2015).</li><li>Lee, K. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Robotic+thyroidectomy+by+bilateral+axillo-breast+approach:+Review+of+1,026+cases+and+surgical+completeness.">Robotic thyroidectomy by bilateral axillo-breast approach: Review of 1,026 cases and surgical completeness.</a> Surgical Endoscopy. 27 (8), 2955-2962 (2013).</li><li>Kim, M. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Yonsei+experience+of+5000+gasless+transaxillary+robotic+thyroidectomies.">Yonsei experience of 5000 gasless transaxillary robotic thyroidectomies.</a> World Journal of Surgery. 42 (2), 393-401 (2018).</li><li>Jitpratoom, P., Ketwong, K., Sasanakietkul, T., Anuwong, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+vestibular+approach+(TOETVA)+for+Graves'+disease:+A+comparison+of+surgical+results+with+open+thyroidectomy.">Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for Graves' disease: A comparison of surgical results with open thyroidectomy.</a> Gland Surgery. 5 (6), 546-552 (2016).</li><li>Yi, J. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+endoscopic+surgery+for+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma:+Initial+experiences+of+a+single+surgeon+in+South+Korea.">Transoral endoscopic surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma: Initial experiences of a single surgeon in South Korea.</a> Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research. 95 (2), 73-79 (2018).</li><li>Wang, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transoral+thyroidectomy+vestibular+approach+versus+non-transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy:+A+comprehensive+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach versus non-transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> Surgical Endoscopy. 36 (3), 1739-1749 (2022).</li><li>Wang, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+of+central+compartment+neck+dissection+for+transoral+endoscopic+thyroid+surgery+in+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma.">Safety of central compartment neck dissection for transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma.</a> Japanese journal of clinical oncology. 50 (4), 387-391 (2020).</li><li>Sun, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+transoral+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+vestibular+approach,+total+endoscopic+thyroidectomy+via+areola+approach,+and+conventional+open+thyroidectomy:+A+retrospective+analysis+of+safety,+trauma,+and+feasibility+of+central+neck+dissection+in+the+treatment+of+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma.">Comparison of transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach, total endoscopic thyroidectomy via areola approach, and conventional open thyroidectomy: A retrospective analysis of safety, trauma, and feasibility of central neck dissection in the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma.</a> Surgical Endoscopy. 34 (1), 268-274 (2020).</li><li>Tanaka, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparative+study+on+bacterial+flora+of+oral+cavity+and+upper+pharynx+in+healthy+elderly.">Comparative study on bacterial flora of oral cavity and upper pharynx in healthy elderly.</a> The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. 54, 19-21 (2001).</li><li>Guo, F., Wang, W., Zhu, X., Xiang, C., Wang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparative+study+between+endoscopic+thyroid+surgery+via+the+oral+vestibular+approach+and+the+areola+approach.">Comparative study between endoscopic thyroid surgery via the oral vestibular approach and the areola approach.</a> Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. 30 (2), 170-174 (2019).</li><li>Chae, S., Min, S. Y., Park, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+study+of+robotic+thyroidectomies+through+a+bilateral+axillo-breast+approach+and+a+transoral+approach.">Comparison study of robotic thyroidectomies through a bilateral axillo-breast approach and a transoral approach.</a> Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. 30 (2), 175-182 (2020).</li><li>Kim, W. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparison+study+of+the+transoral+and+bilateral+axillo-breast+approaches+in+robotic+thyroidectomy.">A comparison study of the transoral and bilateral axillo-breast approaches in robotic thyroidectomy.</a> Journal of Surgical Oncology. 118 (3), 381-387 (2018).</li><li>Nguyen, H. X., Long, T. N., Nguyen, H. V., Nguyen, H. X., Le, Q. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+transoral+thyroidectomy+vestibular+approach+and+unilateral+axillobreast+approach+for+endoscopic+thyroidectomy:+A+prospective+cohort+study.">Comparison of transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach and unilateral axillobreast approach for endoscopic thyroidectomy: A prospective cohort study.</a> Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. 31 (1), 11-17 (2020).</li><li>Bhattacharyya, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+treatment+of+cervical+nodal+metastases+in+patients+with+papillary+thyroid+carcinoma.">Surgical treatment of cervical nodal metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.</a> Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 129 (10), 1101-1104 (2003).</li><li>Lundgren, C. I., Hall, P., Dickman, P. W., Zedenius, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinically+significant+prognostic+factors+for+differentiated+thyroid+carcinoma:+A+population-based,+nested+case-control+study.">Clinically significant prognostic factors for differentiated thyroid carcinoma: A population-based, nested case-control study.</a> Cancer. 106 (3), 524-531 (2006).</li></ol>

TOETVA的特征是中央淋巴结完全暴露和解剖，这在cN1a10，13，14，15治疗分化型甲状腺癌方面具有显着优势。但是，需要注意的是，由于手术空间有限，处理位于甲状腺上极的大肿瘤相对困难。应严格遵守手术适应症和禁忌症，确保手术安全开展。甲状腺上极完全脱位后，在手术过程中通过IONM监测直接可...

传统的开放性甲状腺切除术已经使用宫颈切口安全进行了 100 多年1。尽管大多数患者具有有效的疤痕愈合，并且美容效果通常可以接受，但颈部的永久性疤痕总是引起普通观察者的立即注意2。近20%的甲状腺切除术后患者有自我意识，超过10%的患者考虑进一步治疗以去除疤痕3。此外，据报道，宫颈切口对健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）也有负面影响4。已经开发了各种用于甲状腺手术的远程访问方法，例如腋窝乳房、经腋窝、耳后和锁骨下方法，通过将皮肤切口移动到不太显眼的位置来避免可见的颈部疤痕5，6，7，8。9然而，这些方法需要宽瓣解剖才能进入甲状腺，并且仍然在切口部位留下皮肤疤痕10。
自2008年以来，已经开发了用于经口甲状腺手术的自然孔腔内镜手术技术。这些可以通过口腔前庭入路或舌下入路 进行 。前者更受欢迎，因为它与较少的并发症相关。2016年，Anuwong发表了第一个病例系列，纳入了60名接受经口内窥镜甲状腺切除术前庭入路术（TOETVA）的患者，并确定了良好的预后11。与远程访问方法相比，TOETVA被认为是真正的微创，因为皮瓣夹层的区域类似于传统的开放性甲状腺切除术，并且不会在身体上留下任何疤痕10。
TOETVA是一种革命性的内窥镜方法，可满足女性的美容需求，并可轻松进入双侧甲状腺和中央间室12。它的特点是中央淋巴结完全暴露和解剖，有利于用cN1a10，13，14，15治疗分化型甲状腺癌。然而，由于手术空间有限，处理甲状腺上极的大肿瘤相对具有挑战性。目前的研究描述了TOETVA的分步程序。

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Allis Grasping Forceps,310 mm x 5 mm</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>PO111R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Button Electrode Tip</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>GK385R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ceramic Electrode</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>GK384R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Complete Trocar</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>EJ751R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Endoscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>WA53005A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>IONM</td>
			<td>Medtronic</td>
			<td>NIM-3.0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Light Transmitting Bundle</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>WA03310A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Maryland Dissecting Forceps, 310 mm x 5 mm</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>PO102R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Monopolar Handle (5 mm diameter, 33 cm working length)</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>GK372R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pneumoperitoneum tube,4 m</td>
			<td>STRYKE</td>
			<td>620-240-223</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pyramidal Tip Obturator</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>EJ755R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Reusable Monopolar Cable</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>GK245</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>P0004R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suction irrigation tube</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>PG027R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Super Righting Needle Holder, 5 mm</td>
			<td>AESCULAP</td>
			<td>PL414R</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Veress</td>
			<td>TianSong</td>
			<td>E2014.6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach for thyroid lobectomy

手稿描述了用于甲状腺叶切除术的经口内窥镜甲状腺切除术前庭入路 （TOETVA）。将患者置于仰卧位，伸展并固定颈部。在对皮肤和口腔进行消毒后，通过口腔前庭的粘膜做一个20毫米的横向切口和两个5毫米的切口，用于放置相机和仪器。工作区由皮肤悬浮装置建立和维护，该装置由不可吸收的绳子（3-0）和橡皮筋以及CO2 吹气压力制成。使用内侧到外侧技术和预防性同侧中央颈清扫术同时对甲状腺状癌 （PTC） 患者进行肺叶切除术。通过20毫米切口提取标本。立即在标本中寻找甲状旁腺并自动移植到左臂桡骨。引流管通过牵开器孔插入甲状腺床，并使用可吸收缝合线关闭口腔前庭和白线宫颈的粘膜切口。建议在术后前 24 小时内静脉注射预防性药物，术后 7 天使用口服抗生素。

我们在中心为TOETVA患者建立了常规临床路径。手术前对每位患者进行喉镜检查和甲状腺超声检查。甲状旁腺激素（PTH）、甲状腺功能、25-二羟基维生素D（25-OH-VD）和血清钙在术前常规检测，除甲状腺功能外，所有甲状腺功能均在术后1天重新测定。在我们医院，Foley导管通常用于将进行TOETVA手术超过3小时的患者。Foley导管也在手术后1天移除。手术后，每位患者通过静脉滴注给予4g葡萄糖酸钙，并在?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy at JoVE.com

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

在这里，我们提出了一个协议来详细描述经口内窥镜甲状腺切除术前庭入路的方法。

经口内窥镜甲状腺切除术甲状腺叶切除术前庭入路甲状腺叶切除术

The manuscript describes the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for thyroid lobectomy. The patient is placed in the supine ...

TOETVA有一些缺点，包括手术区域狭窄和喉上神经暴露的外分支相对具有挑战性。该协议改善了TOETVA在临床实践中的应用并缩短了学习曲线。TOETVA的特点是中央淋巴结完全暴露和解剖，这在用cN1A治疗分化型甲状腺癌方面具有显着优势。使用超声手术刀麻醉患者后，使工作空间扩大到两侧的胸锁乳突肌，并沿着扁骨下平面向下到胸骨切口。用超声手术刀分开白线大肠杆菌，并将部分带状肌与甲状腺分开。然后，使用20毫升的针头刺穿甲状腺软骨下角水平的皮肤，并将拉钩穿过孔以抓住带状肌肉的分离部分。使用超声手术刀分离带状肌肉的剩余部分并暴露颈总动脉。找到迷走神经并使用术中神经监测记录信号。接下来，使用非创伤性镊子握住峡部的下缘。然后用超声波手术刀从环状软骨的下部切开峡部并暴露气管。对于经口内窥镜甲状腺切除术前庭入路（TOETVA）的肺叶切除术，首先找到气管并将其用作参考。使用非创伤性镊子，握住甲状腺的上极，并用超声手术刀分开环甲膜空间。横断部分胸骨肌以暴露甲状腺的上极。切断甲状腺上动脉和静脉，从上到下释放侧腺。抬起腺体的上极，在直接观察下找到喉返神经或RLN。接下来，将甲状腺囊与气管分开。然后分开大腿下血管，用超声波手术刀切开贝瑞的韧带。从气管中取出甲状腺的单侧叶。定位甲状旁腺后，使用超声手术刀解剖气管前和喉前淋巴结。切开颈动脉前的结缔组织，以确定中央淋巴结的侧边界。结束气管前的结缔组织以确定中央淋巴结的内侧边界。扫左RLN前侧或右RLN前侧和后侧，完成中央淋巴结清扫。使用内窥镜袋取出标本。用温热的无菌蒸馏水反复清洗手术伤口。通过颈部前部的小皮肤穿刺放置手术引流管。重新接近带子肌肉。最后，用5-O可吸收缝合线闭合口腔伤口。这里显示了32例TOETVA和97例开放手术的基线特征和代表性结果。两组患者的平均年龄和性别构成不同。年轻的女性患者选择TOETVA方法。TOETVA的手术时间比开放手术长。两组收获淋巴结数量差异无统计学意义。在转移性淋巴结方面，两组的甲状腺外延伸肿瘤大小比例不同，这意味着两组之间的肿瘤特征不同。两组术后甲状旁腺激素和术后钙质差异无统计学意义。当RLN在出血附近时，应避免使用电热或超声手术刀进行止血，而不弄清楚RLN的解剖结构和周围条件。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

甲状腺未分化癌的原位小鼠模型

Several types of animal models of human thyroid carcinomas have been established, including subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic implantation of cancer ...

科研

医学

Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas

人体前庭神经鞘瘤的原代培养

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) represent Schwann cell (SC) tumors of the vestibular nerve, compromising 10% of all intracranial neoplasms. VSs occur in ...

Surgical Labyrinthectomy of the Rat to Study the Vestibular System

大鼠前庭系统的外科迷路切除术研究

To study the vestibular system or the vestibular compensation process, a number of methods have been developed to cause vestibular damage, including ...

Step-by-Step Stapedotomy through Transcanal Exclusive Endoscopic Approach

通过经卡全线内窥镜方法进行逐步镫骨切除术

In recent years there has been an increasing trend in the use of the endoscope to treat a variety of middle ear pathologies, including otosclerosis. ...

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction

内镜超声引导下胆道引流：内镜超声引导下肝胃造瘘术治疗恶性胆道梗阻

Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction often require biliary drainage to decompress the biliary system. Endoscopic Retrograde ...

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Implementation of endoscopes in cholesteatoma surgery resulted in considerable changes in the management of cholesteatoma in the last two decades. ...

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery

用于甲状腺手术术前评估的个性化3D打印模型

The anatomic structure of the surgical area of thyroid cancer is complex. It is very important to comprehensively and carefully evaluate the tumor ...

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

经口机器人甲状腺全切除术和双侧中央区域淋巴结清扫术治疗甲状腺状癌

Currently, the common approaches to thyroid surgery include conventional thyroidectomy, bilateral axillo-breast, axillary, retroauricular, and oral ...

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via the Trans-Axillary Approach

通过经腋窝入路进行无气内窥镜甲状腺切除术

For patients with early, low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma, an increasing number are opting for endoscopic thyroid surgery due to its ability to ...

Robot-Assisted Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery for Congenital Cholesteatoma

机器人辅助经管内窥镜耳部手术治疗先天性胆脂瘤

Congenital cholesteatoma accounts for 25% of cholesteatoma cases in children. Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery (TEES) is ideal for these patients because ...