الكتاب نعترف بتمويل من المعاهد الوطنية للصحة R00 HL115123 وبراون جامعة كلية للهندسة. أنهم ممتنون أيضا لورشة التصميم براون وبول كريس للتدريب والدعم مع ليزر زورق.

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الكتاب ليس لها علاقة بالكشف عن.

الهندسات العفن PDMS المخصصة التي تتوافق مع نسيج الثقافة لها فائدة كبيرة في ضبط خصائص الأنسجة هندسيا هاما، مثل محاذاة الخلية، ومعدل انتشار، وصلابة فعالة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، هذه القوالب مفيدة جداً لإعداد الأنسجة لتحليل تطبيقات الهندسة التي هامة، مثل اختبار الميكانيكية16،<su...

على مدى العقدين الماضيين، الطباعة الحجرية الناعمة وقد استخدمت على نطاق واسع كأسلوب تصنيع لدعم البحث العلمي، ولا سيما في ميادين ميكروفلويديكس وبحوث المواد والأنسجة الهندسة1،2، 3. صب النسخ المتماثلة، الذي يتم إنشاء كائن مع شكل المطلوب من العفن رئيسية سلبية، يوفر طريقة مريحة ومنخفضة التكلفة لإنتاج إيجابية PDMS وإنشاء نسخ متماثلة التي يمكن استخدامها لصب على شكل الهلاميات المائية. ومع ذلك، قوالب رئيسية سلبية المطلوبة عادة ما يتم إنتاجها باستخدام تقنيات ميكروفابريكيشن التي مكلفة، وتستغرق وقتاً طويلاً، محدودة الحجم، وتتطلب مساحة غرفة نظيفة ومعدات متطورة. بينما يوفر 3D الطباعة كبديل محتمل، فائدته محدودة نوعا ما بسبب حدود القرار الطابعات أقل تكلفة والتفاعلات الكيميائية بين المشتركة طابعة 3D البوليمرات و PDMS التي يمكن أن تحول دون علاج.
نظم الليزر كتر قادرة على كل القطع والنقش مواد مثل البلاستيك والخشب، والزجاج، والمعدن أصبحت مؤخرا جذريا أقل تكلفة وذلك أيسر منالاً لاختلاق أدوات البحث. تقطيع ليزر الصف التجارية قادرة على اختﻻق الأشياء بمقياس سنتيمتر مع الحد الأدنى من الميزات أقل من 25 ميكرون، وكذلك تتطلب الحد الأدنى من التدريب والخبرة، والوقت لاستخدام. بينما التذرية الليزر من PDMS وقد استخدمت سابقا في تصنيع أجهزة ميكروفلويديكس، لا مخطوط معرفتنا قد وصف عملية التي ملليمتر والسنتيمتر يمكن ملفقة قوالب الجدول من الليزر قطع القوالب السلبية الرئيسية4 .
أننا استخدمنا هذا الأسلوب أساسا للتعامل مع الشكل هندسة الأنسجة بغية تحسين نشر العناصر المغذية، ومحاذاة الخلوية، والخصائص الميكانيكية5،،من67. ومع ذلك، براعة هذا الأسلوب يسمح للاستخدام في أي مجال حيث مصبوب الهلاميات المائية ذات الأهمية، مثل المخدرات التسليم ومواد العلوم البحث8. مع الوصول إلى قاطع ليزر، يمكن جعل PDMS replicates العفن لما يقرب من أي هندسة دون يتدلى (التي سوف تمنع إزالة دون العفن متعددة أجزاء، وخارج نطاق هذه المخطوطة) والتي تتناسب مع أبعاد السرير الليزر.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="738">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:263px;">Item</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:169px;"></td>
			<td style="width:141px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bovine fibrinogen</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>F8630-5G</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bovine thrombin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T6634-250UN</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bovine aprotinin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>10820-25MG</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Rat tail collagen I, 4 mg/mL</td>
			<td>Advanced Biomatrix</td>
			<td>5153-100MG</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodim chloride</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>BP358-10</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">PBS</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>14190-250</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Fine forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11252-20</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sylgard 184 silicone elastomer</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>4019862</td>
			<td>PDMS Molds</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Lab tape</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>15-901-5R</td>
			<td>PDMS Molds</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Acrylic, 1/4&#34; thick</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>8560K356</td>
			<td>PDMS Molds</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">HEPES Buffer, 1 M</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H3537-100ML</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">RPMI 1640 medium, powder</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>31800-089</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Calcium chloride dihydrate</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>AC423520250</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Magnesium chloride hexahydrate</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>M33 500</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P9541-500G</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S9390-500G</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>G5767-25G</td>
			<td>Constructs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">OCT</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>25608-930</td>
			<td>Histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Frozen block molds</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>25608-916</td>
			<td>Histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Hematoxylin</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>3530 1</td>
			<td>Histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Eosin Y</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>AC152880250</td>
			<td>Histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Fast green FCF</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>AC410530250</td>
			<td>Histology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Software</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Illustrator</td>
			<td>Adobe Systems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Vector Graphics</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Inkscape</td>
			<td>(Open Source)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Vector Graphics</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">UCP (Universal Control Panel)</td>
			<td>Universal Laser Systems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Laser Cutter Interface</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">PLS6.75 Laser Cutter</td>
			<td>Universal Laser Systems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Laser Cutter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Micromechanical Analyzer</td>
			<td>Aurora Scientific</td>
			<td>1530A with 5 mN load cell</td>
			<td>Mechanical Analysis</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

custom engineered tissue culture molds from laser-etched masters

كما واصلت مجال هندسة الأنسجة الناضجة، كان هناك اهتمام زيادة في طائفة واسعة من المعلمات الأنسجة، بما في ذلك الشكل الأنسجة. التلاعب في شكل الأنسجة على الميكرومتر إلى مقياس سنتيمتر يمكن مباشرة محاذاة الخلية وتغيير خصائص ميكانيكية فعالة ومعالجة القيود المتصلة بنشر المواد المغذية. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن نقلها السفينة التي يعد فيها أنسجة القيود الميكانيكية في الأنسجة، أسفر عن حقول الإجهاد التي يمكن أن تؤثر كذلك هيكل الخلية ومصفوفة على السواء. الأنسجة على شكل مع أبعاد استنساخه بشدة أيضا أن يكون أداة لفحوصات في المختبر في العينة التي يتم الأبعاد الحرجة، مثل تحليل الأنسجة كله الميكانيكية.
هذه المخطوطة يصف أسلوب تصنيع بديلة تستخدم قوالب رئيسية سلبية أعدت من اﻷكريليك الليزر المحفور: هذه القوالب أداء جيدا مع بولي دايمثيل سيلوكسان (PDMS)، ويسمح بالتصاميم مع الأبعاد على مقياس سنتيمتر وميزة أحجام أصغر من 25 ميكرون، ويمكن سرعة مصممة وملفقة بتكلفة منخفضة ومع الحد الأدنى من الخبرة. الحد الأدنى من الوقت وتكاليف متطلبات السماح لقوالب الليزر المحفور أن يتحرك سريعاً عند حتى يتحدد تصميم أمثل، ويمكن تكييفها بسهولة لتناسب أي مقايسة المصالح، بما في ذلك تلك التي تتجاوز مجال هندسة الأنسجة.

بصريات كتر الليزر سيؤدي المناطق المحفورة قد انخفض قليلاً جداً أبعاد كزيادة عمق الحفر، والنتائج في العفن الجدران مع المجسم مشطوف الحواف دقيق جداً، يرجع إلى مستدق من شعاع الليزر. وهذا سيساعد في تسهيل إزالة قوالب PDMS المدلى بها، ولكن ينبغي النظر بعناية إذا كان محفوراً عميقا...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Custom Engineered Tissue Culture Molds from Laser-etched Masters at JoVE.com

Custom Engineered Tissue Culture Molds from Laser-etched Masters

ونقدم هنا طريقة سريعة وسهلة ومنخفضة التكلفة لاختلاق قوالب مخصصة بولي دايمثيل سيلوكسان التي يمكن استخدامها لإنتاج الأنسجة المهندسة المستندة إلى المائية مع هندستها المعقدة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك يصف لنا نتائج التقييمات الميكانيكية وغذائها أجريت على أنسجة القلب هندسيا المنتجة باستخدام هذه التقنية.

مخصص تصميم قوالب زراعة الأنسجة من سادة ليزر محفوراً

As the field of tissue engineering has continued to mature, there has been increased interest in a wide range of tissue parameters, including tissue ...

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JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

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Video: Custom Engineered Tissue Culture Molds from Laser-etched Masters

Magnetic Resonance Elastography Methodology for the Evaluation of Tissue Engineered Construct Growth

Traditional mechanical testing often results in the destruction of the sample, and in the case of long term tissue engineered construct studies, the use of destructive assessment is not acceptable. A proposed alternative is the use of an imaging process called magnetic resonance elastography. Elastography is a nondestructive method for determining the engineered outcome by measuring local mechanical property values (i.e., complex shear modulus), which are essential markers for identifying the structure and functionality of a tissue. As a noninvasive means for evaluation, the monitoring of engineered constructs with imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen increasing interest in the past decade1. For example, the magnetic resonance (MR) techniques of diffusion and relaxometry have been able to characterize the changes in chemical and physical properties during engineered tissue development2. The method proposed in the following protocol uses microscopic magnetic resonance elastography (&mu;MRE) as a noninvasive MR based technique for measuring the mechanical properties of small soft tissues3. MRE is achieved by coupling a sonic mechanical actuator with the tissue of interest and recording the shear wave propagation with an MR scanner4. Recently, &mu;MRE has been applied in tissue engineering to acquire essential growth information that is traditionally measured using destructive mechanical macroscopic techniques5. In the following procedure, elastography is achieved through the imaging of engineered constructs with a modified Hahn spin-echo sequence coupled with a mechanical actuator. As shown in Figure 1, the modified sequence synchronizes image acquisition with the transmission of external shear waves; subsequently, the motion is sensitized through the use of oscillating bipolar pairs. Following collection of images with positive and negative motion sensitization, complex division of the data produce a shear wave image. Then, the image is assessed using an inversion algorithm to generate a shear stiffness map6. The resulting measurements at each voxel have been shown to strongly correlate (R2&gt;0.9914) with data collected using dynamic mechanical analysis7. In this study, elastography is integrated into the tissue development process for monitoring human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation into adipogenic and osteogenic constructs as shown in Figure 2.

The procedure demonstrates the methodology of magnetic resonance elastography for monitoring the engineered outcome of adipose and osteogenic tissue engineered constructs through noninvasive local assessment of the mechanical properties using microscopic magnetic resonance elastography (&mu;MRE).

المغناطيسي منهجية Elastography الرنين لتقييم الأنسجة المهندسة النمو كونستركت

Traditional mechanical testing often results in the destruction of the sample, and in the case of long term tissue engineered construct studies, the use ...

Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves

Limitations of currently available prosthetic valves, xenografts, and homografts have prompted a recent resurgence of developments in the area of tri-leaflet polymer valve prostheses. However, identification of a protocol for initial assessment of polymer valve hydrodynamic functionality is paramount during the early stages of the design process. Traditional in vitro pulse duplicator systems are not configured to accommodate flexible tri-leaflet materials; in addition, assessment of polymer valve functionality needs to be made in a relative context to native and prosthetic heart valves under identical test conditions so that variability in measurements from different instruments can be avoided. Accordingly, we conducted hydrodynamic assessment of i) native (n = 4, mean diameter, D = 20 mm), ii) bi-leaflet mechanical (n= 2, D = 23 mm) and iii) polymer valves (n = 5, D = 22 mm) via the use of a commercially available pulse duplicator system (ViVitro Labs Inc, Victoria, BC) that was modified to accommodate tri-leaflet valve geometries. Tri-leaflet silicone valves developed at the University of Florida comprised the polymer valve group. A mixture in the ratio of 35:65 glycerin to water was used to mimic blood physical properties. Instantaneous flow rate was measured at the interface of the left ventricle and aortic units while pressure was recorded at the ventricular and aortic positions. Bi-leaflet and native valve data from the literature was used to validate flow and pressure readings. The following hydrodynamic metrics were reported: forward flow pressure drop, aortic root mean square forward flow rate, aortic closing, leakage&#160;and regurgitant volume, transaortic closing, leakage, and total energy losses. Representative results indicated that hydrodynamic metrics from the three valve groups could be successfully obtained by incorporating a custom-built assembly into a commercially available pulse duplicator system and subsequently, objectively compared to provide insights on functional aspects of polymer valve design.

There has been renewed interest in developing polymer valves. Here, the objectives are to demonstrate the feasibility of modifying a commercial pulse duplicator to accommodate tri-leaflet geometries and to define a protocol to present polymer valve hydrodynamic data in comparison to native and prosthetic valve data collected under near-identical conditions.

بروتوكول لتقييم هيدرودينامي النسبية للثلاثي النشرة بوليمر صمامات

Limitations of currently available prosthetic valves, xenografts, and homografts have prompted a recent resurgence of developments in the area of ...

Self-reporting Scaffolds for 3-Dimensional Cell Culture

Culturing cells in 3D on appropriate scaffolds is thought to better mimic the in vivo microenvironment and increase cell-cell interactions. The resulting 3D cellular construct can often be more relevant to studying the molecular events and cell-cell interactions than similar experiments studied in 2D. To create effective 3D cultures with high cell viability throughout the scaffold the culture conditions such as oxygen and pH need to be carefully controlled as gradients in analyte concentration can exist throughout the 3D construct. Here we describe the methods of preparing biocompatible pH responsive sol-gel nanosensors and their incorporation into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) electrospun scaffolds along with their subsequent preparation for the culture of mammalian cells. The pH responsive scaffolds can be used as tools to determine microenvironmental pH within a 3D cellular construct. Furthermore, we detail the delivery of pH responsive nanosensors to the intracellular environment of mammalian cells whose growth was supported by electrospun PLGA scaffolds. The cytoplasmic location of the pH responsive nanosensors can be utilized to monitor intracellular pH (pHi) during ongoing experimentation.

Biocompatible pH responsive sol-gel nanosensors can be incorporated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) electrospun scaffolds. The produced self-reporting scaffolds can be used for in&#160;situ monitoring of microenvironmental conditions whilst culturing cells upon the scaffold. This is beneficial as the 3D cellular construct can be monitored in real-time without disturbing the experiment.

سقالات الإبلاغ الذاتي للخلية ثقافة 3 الأبعاد

Culturing cells in 3D on appropriate scaffolds is thought to better mimic the in vivo microenvironment and increase cell-cell interactions. The resulting ...

Generation and Grafting of Tissue-engineered Vessels in a Mouse Model

The construction of vascular conduits is a fundamental strategy for surgical repair of damaged and injured vessels resulting from cardiovascular diseases. The current protocol presents an efficient and reproducible strategy in which functional tissue engineered vessel grafts can be generated using partially induced pluripotent stem cell (PiPSC) from human fibroblasts. We designed a decellularized vessel scaffold bioreactor, which closely mimics the matrix protein structure and blood flow that exists within a native vessel, for seeding of PiPSC-endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells prior to grafting into mice. This approach was demonstrated to be advantageous because immune-deficient mice engrafted with the PiPSC-derived grafts presented with markedly increased survival rate 3 weeks after surgery. This protocol represents a valuable tool for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and potentially patient-specific cell-therapy in the near future.

Here, we present a protocol to generate tissue engineered vessel grafts that are functional for grafting into mice by double seeding partially induced pluripotent stem cell (PiPSC) - derived smooth muscle cells and PiPSC - derived endothelial cells on a decellularized vessel scaffold bioreactor.

جيل ومسمار سفن الهندسة الأنسجة في نموذج الفأر

The construction of vascular conduits is a fundamental strategy for surgical repair of damaged and injured vessels resulting from cardiovascular diseases. ...

Engineered 3D Silk-collagen-based Model of Polarized Neural Tissue

Despite huge efforts to decipher the anatomy, composition and function of the brain, it remains the least understood organ of the human body. To gain a deeper comprehension of the neural system scientists aim to simplistically reconstruct the tissue by assembling it in vitro from basic building blocks using a tissue engineering approach. Our group developed a tissue-engineered silk and collagen-based 3D brain-like model resembling the white and gray matter of the cortex. The model consists of silk porous sponge, which is pre-seeded with rat brain-derived neurons, immersed in soft collagen matrix. Polarized neuronal outgrowth and network formation is observed with separate axonal and cell body localization. This compartmental architecture allows for the unique development of niches mimicking native neural tissue, thus enabling research on neuronal network assembly, axonal guidance, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and electrical functions.

Insight into the complex actions of the brain requires advanced research tools. Here we demonstrate a novel silk-collagen-based 3D engineered model of neural tissue resembling brain-like architecture. The model can be used to study neuronal network assembly, axonal guidance, cell-cell interactions and electrical activity.

استنادا الحرير الكولاجين المهندسة 3D نموذج الاستقطاب العصبية الأنسجة

Despite huge efforts to decipher the anatomy, composition and function of the brain, it remains the least understood organ of the human body. To gain a ...

Fabrication of Custom Agarose Wells for Cell Seeding and Tissue Ring Self-assembly Using 3D-Printed Molds

Engineered tissues are being used clinically for tissue repair and replacement, and are being developed as tools for drug screening and human disease modeling. Self-assembled tissues offer advantages over scaffold-based tissue engineering, such as enhanced matrix deposition, strength, and function. However, there are few available methods for fabricating 3D tissues without seeding cells on or within a supporting scaffold. Previously, we developed a system for fabricating self-assembled tissue rings by seeding cells into non-adhesive agarose wells. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) negative was first cast in a machined polycarbonate mold, and then agarose was gelled in the PDMS negative to create ring-shaped cell seeding wells. However, the versatility of this approach was limited by the resolution of the tools available for machining the polycarbonate mold. Here, we demonstrate that 3D-printed plastic can be used as an alternative to machined polycarbonate for fabricating PDMS negatives. The 3D-printed mold and revised mold design is simpler to use, inexpensive to produce, and requires significantly less agarose and PDMS per cell seeding well. We have demonstrated that the resulting agarose wells can be used to create self-assembled tissue rings with customized diameters from a variety of different cell types. Rings can then be used for mechanical, functional, and histological analysis, or for fabricating larger and more complex tubular tissues.

This protocol describes a platform for fabricating self-assembled tissue rings in variable sizes using a customized 3D-printed plastic mold. PDMS negatives are cured in the 3D-printed mold; then agarose is cast in the cured PDMS negatives. Cells are seeded into the resulting agarose wells where they aggregate into tissue rings.

تلفيق من الآبار المخصصة [اغروس] لبذر الخلية والأنسجة خاتم التجميع الذاتي باستخدام قوالب طباعة 3D

Engineered tissues are being used clinically for tissue repair and replacement, and are being developed as tools for drug screening and human disease ...

Tissue-Engineered Graft for Circumferential Esophageal Reconstruction in Rats

The use of biocompatible materials for circumferential esophageal reconstruction is a technically challenging task in rats and requires an optimal implant technique with nutritional support. Recently, there have been many attempts at esophageal tissue engineering, but the success rate has been limited due to difficulty in early epithelization in the special environment of peristalsis. Here, we developed an artificial esophagus that can improve the regeneration of the esophageal mucosa and muscle layers through a two-layered tubular scaffold, a mesenchymal stem cell-based bioreactor system, and a bypass feeding technique with modified gastrostomy. The scaffold is made of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in a cylindrical shape with a three-dimensional (3D) printed polycaprolactone strand wrapped around the outer wall. Prior to transplantation, human-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded into the lumen of the scaffold, and bioreactor cultivation was performed to enhance cellular reactivity. We improved the graft survival rate by applying surgical anastomosis and covering the implanted prosthesis with a thyroid gland flap, followed by temporary nonoral gastrostomy feeding. These grafts were able to recapitulate the findings of initial epithelialization and muscle regeneration around the implanted sites, as demonstrated by histological analysis. In addition, increased elastin fibers and neovascularization were observed in the periphery of the graft. Therefore, this model presents a potential new technique for circumferential esophageal reconstruction.

Esophageal reconstruction is a challenging procedure, and development of a tissue-engineered esophagus that enables regeneration of esophageal mucosa and muscle and that can be implanted as an artificial graft is necessary. Here, we present our protocol to generate an artificial esophagus, including scaffold manufacturing, bioreactor cultivation, and various surgical techniques.

الترقيع المهندس بالأنسجة لإعادة بناء المريء المحيطي في الفئران

The use of biocompatible materials for circumferential esophageal reconstruction is a technically challenging task in rats and requires an optimal implant ...

Fibroblast Derived Human Engineered Connective Tissue for Screening Applications

Fibroblasts are phenotypically highly dynamic cells, which quickly transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts in response to biochemical and biomechanical stimuli. The current understanding of fibrotic processes, including cardiac fibrosis, remains poor, which hampers the development of new anti-fibrotic therapies. Controllable and reliable human model systems are crucial for a better understanding of fibrosis pathology. This is a highly reproducible and scalable protocol to generate engineered connective tissues (ECT) in a 48-well casting plate to facilitate studies of fibroblasts and the pathophysiology of fibrotic tissue in a 3-dimensional (3D) environment. ECT are generated around the poles with tunable stiffness, allowing for studies under a defined biomechanical load. Under the defined loading conditions, phenotypic adaptations controlled by cell-matrix interactions can be studied. Parallel testing is feasible in the 48-well format with the opportunity for the time-course analysis of multiple parameters, such as tissue compaction and contraction against the load. From these parameters, biomechanical properties such as tissue stiffness and elasticity can be studied.

Presented here is a protocol to generate engineered connective tissues for a parallel culture of 48 tissues in a multi-well plate with double poles, suitable for mechanistic studies, disease modeling, and screening applications. The protocol is compatible with fibroblasts from different organs and species and is exemplified here with human primary cardiac fibroblasts.

الخلايا الليفية المشتقة من النسيج الضام البشري المهندسة لتطبيقات الفحص

Fibroblasts are phenotypically highly dynamic cells, which quickly transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts in response to biochemical and biomechanical ...

Isolation and Culture of Primary Human Gingival Epithelial Cells using Y-27632

The gingival tissue is the first structure that protects periodontal tissues and plays meaningful roles in many oral functions. The gingival epithelium is an important structure of gingival tissue, especially in the repair and regeneration of periodontal tissue. Studying the functions of gingival epithelial cells has crucial scientific value, such as repairing oral defects and detecting the compatibility of biomaterials. As human gingival epithelial cells are highly differentiated keratinized cells, their lifespan is short, and they are difficult to passage. So far, there are only two ways to isolate and culture gingival epithelial cells, a direct explant method and an enzymatic method. However, the time required to obtain epithelial cells using the direct explant method is longer, and the cell survival rate of the enzymatic method is lower. Clinically, the acquisition of gingival tissue is limited, so a stable, efficient, and simple in vitro isolation and culture system is needed. We improved the traditional enzymatic method by adding Y-27632, a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, which can selectively promote the growth of epithelial cells. Our modified enzymatic method simplifies the steps of the traditional enzymatic method and increases the efficiency of culturing epithelial cells, which has significant advantages over the direct explant method and the enzymatic method.

Here we present a modified method for the isolation and culture of human gingival epithelial cells by adding the Rock inhibitor, Y-27632, to the traditional method. This method is easier, less time-consuming, enhances stem cell properties, and produces larger numbers of high-potential epithelial cells both for the laboratory and for clinical applications.

عزل وثقافة الخلايا الظهارية البشرية الأولية باستخدام Y-27632

The gingival tissue is the first structure that protects periodontal tissues and plays meaningful roles in many oral functions. The gingival epithelium is ...

Engineered Lung Tissues Prepared from Decellularized Lung Slices

There is a need for improved 3-dimensional (3D) lung models that recapitulate the architectural and cellular complexity of the native lung alveolus ex vivo. Recently developed organoid models have facilitated the expansion and study of lung epithelial progenitors in vitro, but these platforms typically rely on mouse tumor-derived matrix and/or serum, and incorporate just one or two cellular lineages. Here, we describe a protocol for generating engineered lung tissues (ELTs) based on the multi-lineage recellularization of decellularized precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). ELTs contain alveolar-like structures comprising alveolar epithelium, mesenchyme, and endothelium, within an extracellular matrix (ECM) substrate closely resembling that of native lung. To generate the tissues, rat lungs are inflated with agarose, sliced into 450 &#181;m-thick slices, cut into strips, and decellularized. The resulting acellular ECM scaffolds are then reseeded with primary endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s). AEC2s can be maintained in ELT culture for at least 7 days with a serum-free, chemically-defined growth medium. Throughout the tissue preparation and culture process, the slices are clipped into a cassette system that facilitates handling and standardized cell seeding of multiple ELTs in parallel. These ELTs represent an organotypic culture platform that should facilitate investigations of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions within the alveolus as well as biochemical signals regulating AEC2s and their niche.

This protocol describes a method to generate reproducible, small-scale engineered lung tissues, by repopulating decellularized precision-cut lung slices with alveolar epithelial type 2 cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells.

أنسجة رئوية هندسية محضرة من شرائح رئوية منزوعة الخلايا

There is a need for improved 3-dimensional (3D) lung models that recapitulate the architectural and cellular complexity of the native lung alveolus ex ...