A stock dividend is a non-cash dividend where a company distributes additional shares to its shareholders instead of cash. While the shareholder's proportional ownership in the company remains the same, stock dividends can have strategic implications for both the company and its investors.

Unlike cash dividends, stock dividends allow companies to conserve cash, making them particularly beneficial for businesses with growth opportunities or those operating in capital-intensive industries. By issuing stock dividends, companies can continue rewarding shareholders while retaining liquidity for research, expansion, or debt reduction investments.

Stock dividends offer investors the potential for compounded growth. Additional shares received through stock dividends can generate more dividends in the future or appreciate in value if the company performs well. This makes stock dividends particularly appealing for long-term, growth-focused investors.

However, stock dividends can have nuanced effects on share valuation. Although the share price typically adjusts to reflect the increased share count, the perception of a stock dividend can sometimes attract new investors, potentially boosting demand and price in the long run. One notable consideration is that stock dividends are often seen as a signal of the company's confidence in its financial health, as management is choosing to retain earnings for reinvestment rather than distributing them as cash.