2.3 : 5力模型 — 概念

The Five Forces Model studies the five external competitive forces that can threaten a business's profitability.

Supplier Power assesses the influence suppliers have in the industry. Limited competition among suppliers can allow them to dictate terms and prices, negatively affecting a company's profitability.

Buyer Power evaluates the influence customers have over the market. When customers have many options and can easily switch brands, companies must offer value and competitive prices to remain profitable.

The threat of New Entrants considers the ease with which new competitors can enter the market, potentially affecting industry profitability. Barriers to entry, such as capital requirements or regulatory hurdles, make it less attractive for new players.

The threat of Substitutes examines alternative products or services that can fulfill a similar need. The availability of close substitutes can limit a company's ability to fix prices.

The Rivalry Among Existing Competitors assesses the intensity of competition among existing players, which can erode profit margins. Market concentration, industry growth, and competitive tactics contribute to this rivalry.