Chapter 21
循环系统和肺部系统
什么是内分泌系统？
The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. ...
细胞内激素受体
Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors ...
细胞表面信号
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across ...
反馈回路
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a ...
下丘脑 - 垂体轴
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. ...
激素的类型
Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the ...
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