Chapter 21
Endocrine System
Co to jest układ hormonalny?
The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. ...
Wewnątrzkomórkowe receptory hormonalne
Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors ...
Sygnalizacja na powierzchni komórki
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across ...
Pętle sprzężenia zwrotnego
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a ...
Oś podwzgórze-przysadka
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. ...
Rodzaje hormonów
Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the ...
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