Name: training a sophisticated microsurgical technique: interposition of external jugular vein graft in the common carotid artery in rats
Uploaded: 2012-11-11T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 15 min 21 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats at JoVE.com

这项研究是由研究推广计划“START”，德国亚琛工业大学（标题：“的模具ArterialisationvenöserGefäße”START 690753）医学院的。我们要感谢她出色的编辑协助夫人琼Blümich的。

1。实验动物<ol><li>获得当地伦理委员会批准可用于所有的实验将要执行的，按照动物保护FELASA指引。 </li><li>使用雌性SD大鼠可用于购买任何商业饲养员（ 例如查尔斯河WIGA公司，Sulzfeld，德国），。我们使用了21只，分为三组各7只，术后3，6周和12周处死。在购买时，动物应该是12周龄，重250-300克。 </li><li>保持动物在气候控制的房间的环境温度为21°C，60％相对湿度，12小时免费获得食物和水的光暗周期。 </li></ol> 2。麻醉和手术的准备<ol><li>通过使用连接到麻醉机，设定为1升/分钟的氧气流速的有机玻璃箱中，诱导全身麻醉和异氟烷汽化器瓦特第i个5％的麻醉气体。 </li><li>维持麻醉尽快动物深感觉反射抑制在1.5％的异氟烷​​汽化器。 </li><li>修复大鼠在体保温板仰卧位。 </li><li>准备的操作区域的每个动物的脱毛霜，除去它的皮毛从钳口角向下柄sterni 2厘米以下。 </li><li>准备一个无菌外科领域关注手术的地区，该地区上的动物和外科医生的前面制备： </li><ul><li>清洁工作台上用一消毒。 </li><li>准备切口站点通过使用手术溶液擦洗的多个应用程序（ 例如，氯己定和70％异丙醇）。首先，应用洗必泰醇第二和，最后，溶液擦洗。 </li><li>穿一次性手术衣，手术手套，或者手套考试，此前已洗瓦特第i个外科手术消毒。 </li></ul><li>在操作过程中使用无菌显微仪器。 </li><li>使用手术显微镜（野生Heerbrugg M650，Gais的，瑞士），在10〜20倍的放大倍率。 </li></ol> 3。解剖学 图1描述了解剖老鼠的脖子上： 1A） 所在地前的右侧胸锁乳突肌切断。 1B） 所在地的右侧胸锁乳突肌切断后。 4。袖口准备剪切的长度为3毫米的袖口用手从一个塑料管（PORTEX，内径为0.75 mm，外径0.94毫米，史密斯医疗公司，英国）。这些翻边包括管状箍套主体，包括完整的卷的塑料管，和一个压脉袋的压脉袋的容积的一半组成的手柄。箍套主体和压脉袋手柄应同样离子克。用于操纵在手术过程中的压脉袋的压脉袋手柄是必不可少。袖带后滑过容器，迷你斗牛钳位同时放置的压脉袋的把手和容器上，以防止从出血，保持压脉袋的位置，并确保稳定。 5。袖套法<ol><li>滑袖该船只的。 </li><li>紧接其后，外翻容器，拉过来的外侧的压脉袋体，并用7-0丝线结扎固定。在这种方式中，压脉袋的​​管腔与内皮细胞覆盖。此后，滑静脉移植过的袖口的身体和一个新的7-0丝线结扎固定。为了防止血栓形成，它是必不可少的，移植静脉领带非常接近的袖带缘固定，以避免血液接触领带保持动脉到位。这是至关重要的，由于血流方向的远端吻合。然而，根据作者，它是不被认为出于同样的原因的近端吻合必不可少的。 </li></ol> 6。外科手术 6.1下游的右颈外静脉<ol><li>约2.5厘米长的中位数颈部切开直接以上的柄sterni。 </li><li>完全从周围组织中分离出1厘米长的段的右颈外静脉</li><li>用7-0丝线结扎静脉支流。 </li></ol> 6.2的右颈总动脉的下游<ol><li>准备胸锁乳突肌，在中间横切。 </li><li>准备右颈总动脉小心，确保不压缩的动脉或迷走神经。动员它的颈动脉分叉处，头臂干。 </li><li>随后，结扎两次，中间用7-0丝线缝合前横断。 </li><li>防滑的尼龙袖口consisting的身体并和常见的颈动脉，从而重要的是要确保后面的容器中（ 图2b）的压脉袋手柄的前端上的手柄（ 图2a）。 </li><li>钳位的带套囊的端部的前端与迷你牛头犬钳上（ 图2c），以确保稳定的压脉袋手柄完全相同常见的颈动脉。 </li><li>接着，直接切断动脉背后绑带，从而导致动脉残端应该只要作为压脉袋体。 </li><li>冲洗动脉管腔与肝素生理盐水溶液（20 IU肝素/毫升0.9％NaCl溶液中）。结扎环，除了在适当的位置以备后用。 </li><li>动脉残端拉起来，它像一个套在袖口身体滑倒。 </li><li>随后，拉的结扎环和结它紧紧地。 </li><li>为了防止动脉从它的袖子滑出，你可以实现一个绝招：掌握动脉壁缝合右手imultaneously与左手的钳子使结（ 图2e）（图2d）。 </li><li>重复同样的步骤，近端动脉残端（ 图2f）。 </li></ol> 6.3静脉移植定位<ol><li>消费税的1厘米长的段夹住颈外静脉</li><li>由于这两个手铐动脉静脉插入彼此相距甚远，正确的距离用3-0薇乔缝线在此过程中，你应该每一个的迷你牛头犬钳周围循环。 </li><li>纵横交错缝合。 </li><li>接着，在相反的方向上拉缝线，使铐动脉树桩的正确定位（ 图2g） </li><li>与肝素生理盐水溶液冲洗静脉段。 </li><li>滑在手铐的颈内动脉远端以前逆转静脉段的一端，将其固定在正确的位置tion与丝绸7-0结扎。 </li><li>在这里，重要的是要注意，静脉的圆周必须完全且均匀地把持。 </li><li>与肝素生理盐水溶液冲洗静脉段，和滑移近端颈残端静脉段的另一端。 </li><li>完成结扎（ 图2h）; </li><li>另一方面，第一个上的前端的颈动脉残端然后近端一个后取下微型斗牛夹具1，由此允许通畅的血流量和静脉移植物的动脉化（ 图2i）。手术被认为是成功的，如果血流量和脉动内观察到的接枝和颈总动脉（目测）。 </li></ol> 6.4。伤口愈合对于皮下连续缝合，用4-0薇乔。对于皮肤的连续缝合，用3-0薇乔。 7。恢复和术后管理&lt;/ P&gt; <ol><li>让动物从麻醉中恢复过来，下红外线变暖灯的平面纸床上用品。不要将经营的动物的动物控股的，直到所有的动物出现正常的。 </li><li>术后管理丁丙诺啡（Temgesic）的浓度为0.03-0.05毫克/公斤体重SC 2天，每8至12小时。丁丙诺啡可前给予异氟烷诱导。 </li><li>监测动物术后一般情况和体征的疾病或感染。 </li></ol> 8。血流测定术后的移植通畅证明了血液的流量测量，通过与血管周围的流量探头3毫米，（MA3PSB）的研究跨音速血流量测量系统（型号：TS420，跨音速系统欧洲BV，马斯特里赫特，荷兰）。该系统是基于多普勒原理。 9。代表性的成果由Faithfully保持上述的指示，手术的平均持续时间约为65分钟。提出了一个优秀的动物的身体状况和体重增加预计整个实验：在操作的起点的动物称重312±20.39克。手术后3周的时间点在牺牲的动物体重325.2±28.7克，在第6周333±39.9克的和在第12周362.22±29克。 无感染，观察到在操作的网站，开发没有疮。在预期的时间内，术后伤口完全愈合。脑梗塞或缺乏肌肉运动的神经控制没有任何迹象表明。的购买是很重要的一点，因为这些动物被操作在颈动脉和的两个颈外静脉之一除去，并用作自动移植。无过敏性反应，术后疼痛缓解治疗观察。 所有动物均提高警觉，社会整个实验。他们的生活习惯有关接收食物和水，在整个时间保持不变。 所有实验的存活率为100％的时间点牺牲。移植通畅率为60％，前10个动物的，因此82％，其余11只动物。总的移植物的通畅率为71％。测定动脉化的静脉移植物中的血流在时间点的牺牲为8±3毫升/分钟之间的三个牺牲时间点没有任何统计学上显着的差异。 <img src="/files/ftp_upload/4124/4124fig1.jpg" alt="图1" /> 图1。解剖老鼠的脖子。 1A） 所在地前的右侧胸锁乳突肌切断。 1B） 所在地的右侧胸锁乳突肌切断后。 e_content的“Fo：保持together.within”页面=“总是”&gt; <img src="/files/ftp_upload/4124/4124fig2.jpg" alt="图2" /> 图2。术显微照片：一）袖带组成的压脉袋体和袖口把手;二）袖带滑过常见的颈动脉;的前端）夹持的带套囊的远端常见的颈动脉残端;四）外翻在压脉袋的颈总动脉残端;五）固定外翻常见的颈动脉残端用绑带;六） 所在地后外翻的两个带套囊的远端和近端的常见的颈动脉树桩;克）纵横交错技术近似两个带套囊再灌注后的静脉插入移植的颈总动脉的树桩，H） 内脏静脉插入后，我） 所在地 。 <img src="/files/ftp_upload/4124/4124fig3.jpg" alt="图3" /> 图3描绘的拓扑示意图再灌注后的静脉插入移植。 <a href="https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/4124/4124fig3large.jpg" target="_blank">点击此处查看大图</a> 。

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没有利益冲突的声明。

在颈总动脉插入颈外静脉移植是一个复杂的显微外科技术。视频帮助新手的外科医生在最短的时间内掌握这门技术，以较低的实验动物的浪费。 吸入性麻醉进行此操作是最好的选择，因为它避免了过深的麻醉阶段，可以很好的控制，并允许外科医生有足够的时间来操作。此外，大鼠是实验动物的练习这种复杂的外科手术技术，更容易，在鼠标相比，提供了一个合适的尺寸。 <...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 的试剂的名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 目录编号 </td><td> 评论 </td></tr><tr><td>编织丝黑7-0 </td><td>爱惜康产品</td><td> 892100 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>薇乔3-0 </td><td>爱惜康产品</td><td> J285G </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>薇乔4-0 </td><td>爱惜康产品</td><td> J284G </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> PORTEX非无菌尼龙管0.75毫米，0.94毫米的细口径聚乙烯（聚乙烯）管</td><td> PORTEX英国</td><td> 800/200/175/100 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>异氟烷5％ </td><td></td><td></td><td>任何genericon </td></tr><tr><td>肝素</td><td></td><td></td><td>任何genericon </td></tr><tr><td> 0.9％的生理盐水</td><td></td><td&gt; </td><td>任何genericon </td></tr><tr><td>丁丙诺啡</td><td></td><td></td><td>任何genericon </td></tr></tbody></table>

training a sophisticated microsurgical technique: interposition of external jugular vein graft in the common carotid artery in rats

内膜增生是一个非常重要的动脉冠状动脉旁路移植术，外周动脉搭桥手术以及动静脉瘘，动脉静脉狭窄的主要原因。1-5实验过程中常见的颈动脉移植静脉插入使用袖扣技术已经应用在几个研究项目，研究新内膜增生的病因和治疗方案来解决这个问题。6-8袖带防止血管吻合口重构，并诱导移植物内的动荡，从而内膜增生的发展。 使用上腔静脉移植静脉动脉化实验的小动物模型是一个既定的9-11目前的协议，是指建立的颈静脉移植物插入技术首次描述了邹等人，以及其他。12-14 </sup然而，这些列举的小动物是复杂的协议。 为了简化该过程，并最大限度地减少所需的实验动物的数量，详细操作由视频训练协议。此视频帮助新手医生学习的袖口技术和移植静脉插入。由此，右颈外静脉接枝在袖带技术中常见的颈动脉21的雌性Sprague Dawley大鼠分为三个相等的组21，42和84天，分别处死。值得一提的是，必要的，因为没有供体动物进行自动移植。的存活率为100％的时间点牺牲。此外，移植通畅率为60％，前10个动物的82％，其余11只动物。在牺牲的时间的血流量为8±3毫升/分钟。总之，这种手术的协议大大简化，优化和规范这个组合licated程序。它给新手医生容易的，一步一步的指示，解释可能存在的缺陷，从而帮助他们快速获得专业知识，避免无谓牺牲的实验动物。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats at JoVE.com

Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats

狭窄的动脉静脉内膜增生的首要原因。我们提出了一个新的协议，在SD大鼠颈总动脉，右颈外静脉用袖套法嫁接。的存活率为100％的时间点牺牲。

培养一个精密的显微外科技术在大鼠颈总动脉，颈外静脉移植：介入

Neointimal hyperplasia is one the primary causes of stenosis in arterialized veins that are of great importance in arterial coronary bypass surgery, in ...

training-sophisticated-microsurgical-technique-interposition-external

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

20.4K 次观看.  University Hospital RWTH Aachen. 狭窄的动脉静脉内膜增生的首要原因。我们提出了一个新的协议，在SD大鼠颈总动脉，右颈外静脉用袖套法嫁接。的存活率为100％的时间点牺牲。

视频: Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats

Catheterization of the Carotid Artery and Jugular Vein to Perform Hemodynamic Measures, Infusions and Blood Sampling in a Conscious Rat Model

The success of a small animal model to study critical illness is, in part, dependent on the ability of the model to simulate the human condition. Intra-tracheal inoculation of a known amount of bacteria has been successfully used to reproduce the pathogenesis of pneumonia which then develops into sepsis. Monitoring hemodynamic parameters and providing standard clinical treatment including infusion of antibiotics, fluids and drugs to maintain blood pressure is critical to simulate routine supportive care in this model but to do so requires both arterial and venous vascular access. The video details the surgical technique for implanting carotid artery and common jugular vein catheters in an anesthetized rat. Following a 72 hr recovery period, the animals will be re-anesthetized and connected to a tether and swivel setup attached to the rodent housing which connects the implanted catheters to the hemodynamic monitoring system. This setup allows free movement of the rat during the study while continuously monitoring pressures, infusing fluids and drugs (antibiotics, vasopressors) and performing blood sampling.

Vascular accesses to measure hemodynamics, provide fluids and perform blood sampling are important to any small animal model study. We present a technique for implanting catheters into the carotid artery and the common jugular vein in an anesthetized rat for connecting to a system to perform monitoring, infusions and sampling.

颈动脉和颈静脉导管在有意识大鼠模型进行血流动力学措施，输液和血液采样

The success of a small animal model to study critical illness is, in part, dependent on the ability of the model to simulate the human condition. ...

科研

医学

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Stroke typically occurs in elderly people with a range of comorbidities including carotid (or other arterial) atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes. Accordingly, when evaluating therapies for stroke in animals, it is important to select a model with excellent face validity. Ischemic stroke accounts for 80% of all strokes, and the majority of these occur in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), often inducing infarcts that affect the sensorimotor cortex, causing persistent plegia or paresis on the contralateral side of the body. We demonstrate in this video a method for producing ischemic stroke in elderly rats, which causes sustained sensorimotor disability and substantial cortical infarcts. Specifically, we induce permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in elderly female rats by using diathermy forceps to occlude a short segment of this artery. The carotid artery on the ipsilateral side to the lesion was then permanently occluded and the contralateral carotid artery was transiently occluded for 60 min. We measure the infarct size using structural T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 24 hr and 8 weeks after stroke. In this study, the mean infarct volume was 4.5% &#177; 2.0% (standard deviation) of the ipsilateral hemisphere at 24 hr (corrected for brain swelling using Gerriet&#8217;s equation, n = 5). This model is feasible and clinically relevant as it permits the induction of sustained sensorimotor deficits, which is important for the elucidation of pathophysiological mechanisms and novel treatments.

Here we present a protocol to produce permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion in elderly female rats with simultaneous occlusion of the carotid arteries to generate large cortical infarcts and sustained deficits. We show confirmation of the lesion size using structural MRI at 24 hr and 8 weeks after stroke.

执行永久远端大脑中与老年大鼠颈总动脉闭塞研究皮层缺血具有持续残疾

Stroke typically occurs in elderly people with a range of comorbidities including carotid (or other arterial) atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, ...

A Rat Carotid Balloon Injury Model to Test Anti-vascular Remodeling Therapeutics

The rat carotid balloon injury is a well-established surgical model that has been used to study arterial remodeling and vascular cell proliferation. It is also a valuable model system to test, and to evaluate therapeutics and drugs that negate maladaptive remodeling in the vessel. The injury, or barotrauma, in the vessel lumen caused by an inflated balloon via an inserted catheter induces subsequent neointimal growth, often leading to hyperplasia or thickening of the vessel wall that narrows, or obstructs the lumen. The method described here is sufficiently sensitive, and the results can be obtained in relatively short time (2 weeks after the surgery). The efficacy of the drug or therapeutic against the induced-remodeling can be evaluated either by the post-mortem pathological and histomorphological analysis, or by ultrasound sonography in live animals. In addition, this model system has also been used to determine the therapeutic window or the time course of the administered drug. These studies can leadto the development of a better administrative strategy and a better therapeutic outcome. The procedure described here provides a tool for translational studies that bring drug and therapeutic candidates from bench research to clinical applications.

The rat carotid balloon injury model described below allows researchers to evaluate drugs or therapeutics that negate injury-induced arterial hyperplasia. Detailed pre-surgical preparation, surgical procedure, and post-surgical cares of the animal are described.

大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤模型试验抗血管重建治疗

The rat carotid balloon injury is a well-established surgical model that has been used to study arterial remodeling and vascular cell proliferation. It is ...

A Rabbit Model of Durable Transgene Expression in Jugular Vein to Common Carotid Artery Interposition Grafts

Vein graft bypass surgery is a common treatment for occlusive arterial disease; however, long-term success is limited by graft failure due to thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, and atherosclerosis. The goal of this article is to demonstrate a method for placing bilateral venous interposition grafts in a rabbit, then transducing the grafts with a gene transfer vector that achieves durable transgene expression. The method allows the investigation of the biological roles of genes and their protein products in normal vein graft homeostasis. It also allows the testing of transgenes for the activities that could prevent vein graft failure, e.g., whether the expression of a transgene prevents the neointimal growth, reduces the vascular inflammation, or reduces atherosclerosis in rabbits fed with a high-fat diet. During an initial survival surgery, the segments of right and left external jugular vein are excised and placed bilaterally as reversed end-to-side common carotid artery interposition grafts. During a second survival surgery, performed 28 days later, each of the grafts is isolated from the circulation with vascular clips and the lumens are filled (via an arteriotomy) with a solution containing a helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vector. After a 20-min incubation, the vector solution is aspirated, the arteriotomy is repaired, and flow is restored. The veins are harvested at time points dictated by individual experimental protocols. The 28-day delay between the graft placement and the transduction is necessary to ensure the adaptation of the vein graft to the arterial circulation. This adaptation avoids rapid loss of transgene expression that occurs in vein grafts transduced before or immediately after grafting. The method is unique in its ability to achieve durable, stable transgene expression in grafted veins. Compared to other large animal vein graft models, rabbits have advantages of low cost and easy handling. Compared to rodent vein graft models, rabbits have larger and easier-to-manipulate blood vessels that provide abundant tissue for analysis.

This method describes the placement of interposition vein grafts in rabbits, the transduction of the grafts, and the achievement of durable transgene expression. This allows the investigation of physiological and pathological roles of transgenes and their protein products in grafted veins, and testing of gene therapies for vein graft disease.

颈动脉介入移植中颈静脉持久性转基因表达的家兔模型

Vein graft bypass surgery is a common treatment for occlusive arterial disease; however, long-term success is limited by graft failure due to thrombosis, ...

Mouse Heterotopic Cervical Cardiac Transplantation Utilizing Vascular Cuffs

Murine models of cardiac transplantation are frequently utilized to study ischemia-reperfusion injury, innate and adaptive immune responses after transplantation, and the impact of immunomodulatory therapies on graft rejection. Heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice was first described in 1991 using sutured anastomoses and subsequently modified to include cuff techniques. This modification allowed for improved success rates, and since then, there have been multiple reports that have proposed further technical improvements. However, translation into more widespread utilization remains limited due to the technical difficulty associated with graft anastomoses, which requires precision to achieve adequate length and caliber of the cuffs to avoid vascular anastomotic twisting or excessive tension, which can result in damage to the graft. The present protocol describes a modified technique for performing heterotopic cervical cardiac transplantation in mice which involves cuff placement on the recipient's common carotid artery and the donor's pulmonary artery in alignment with the direction of the blood flow.

Mouse cardiac transplantation models represent valuable research tools for studying transplantation immunology. The present protocol details mouse heterotopic cervical cardiac transplantation that involves the placement of cuffs on the recipient's common carotid artery and the donor's pulmonary artery trunk to allow for laminar blood flow.

利用血管袖带的小鼠异位宫颈心脏移植

Murine models of cardiac transplantation are frequently utilized to study ischemia-reperfusion injury, innate and adaptive immune responses after ...

免疫与感染

A Rabbit Venous Interposition Model Mimicking Revascularization Surgery using Vein Grafts to Assess Intimal Hyperplasia under Arterial Blood Pressure

Although vein grafts have been commonly used as autologous grafts in revascularization surgeries for ischemic diseases, the long-term patency remains poor because of the acceleration of intimal hyperplasia due to the exposure to arterial blood pressure. The present protocol is designed for the establishment of experimental venous intimal hyperplasia by interposing rabbit jugular veins to the ipsilateral carotid arteries. The protocol does not require surgical procedures deep in the body trunk and the extent of the incision is limited, which is less invasive for the animals, allowing long-term observation after implantation. This simple procedure enables researchers to investigate strategies to attenuate the progression of intimal hyperplasia of the implanted vein grafts. Using this protocol, we reported the effects transduction of microRNA-145 (miR-145), which is known to control the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the proliferative to the contractile state, into harvested vein grafts. We confirmed the attenuation of intimal hyperplasia of vein grafts by transducing miR-145 before implantation surgery through the phenotype change of the VSMCs. Here we report a less invasive experimental platform to investigate the strategies that can be used to attenuate intimal hyperplasia of vein grafts in revascularization surgeries.

The present protocol aims to experimentally create venous intimal hyperplasia by subjecting veins to arterial blood pressure for developing strategies to attenuate venous intimal hyperplasia following revascularization surgery using vein grafts.

兔子静脉介词模型模仿再血管化手术使用静脉移植评估动脉血压下的影响增生

Although vein grafts have been commonly used as autologous grafts in revascularization surgeries for ischemic diseases, the long-term patency remains poor ...

Microsurgical Skills of Establishing Permanent Jugular Vein Cannulation in Rats for Serial Blood Sampling of Orally Administered Drug

Blood sampling in small laboratory animals is necessary for pharmaceutical lead optimization but can cause great harm and stress to experimental animals, which could potentially affect results. The jugular vein cannulation (JVC) in rats is a widely used model for repeated blood collection but requires adequate training of surgery skills and animal care. This article details the microsurgical procedures for establishing and maintaining a permanent JVC rat model with specific focus on the placement and sealing of the jugular cannula. The importance of monitoring physiological (e.g., body weight, food, and water intake) and hematological parameters, was highlighted with results presented for 6 days post-surgery during the rat&#39;s recovery. The drug-plasma concentration-time profile of orally administered natural phenol ellagic acid was determined in the JVC rat model.

Detailed microsurgical techniques are demonstrated to establish a longer-term jugular vein cannulation rat model for sequential blood collection in the same animal. Physiological and hematological parameters have been monitored during the rat's recovery phase. This model has been applied to study pharmacokinetics of orally administered polyphenol without inducing animal stress.

建立大鼠永久性颈静脉插管的显微外科技能，用于口服药物的连续血液采样

Blood sampling in small laboratory animals is necessary for pharmaceutical lead optimization but can cause great harm and stress to experimental animals, ...

保留 ECA 的改良 MCAO/R 模型，用于增强再灌注和稳定性

A Modified Model Preparation for Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Reperfusion

The middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R) model is crucial for understanding the pathological mechanisms of stroke and for drug development.However, among the commonly used modeling methods, the Koizumi method often faces scrutiny due to its ligation of the common carotid artery (CCA) and its inability to achieve adequate reperfusion. Similarly, the Longa method has been criticized for disconnecting and ligating the external carotid artery (ECA). This study aims to introduce a modified model preparation method that preserves the integrity of the ECA, involves inserting a monofilament nylon suture through the CCA, repairing the ligated CCA incision, and maintaining reperfusion from the CCA. Reperfusion of blood flow was confirmed using laser speckle flow imaging. Evaluation methods such as the Longa scale, Modified Neurological Severity Score, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and immunofluorescence labeling of neurons demonstrated that this approach could induce stable ischemic nerve damage. This modified MCAO/R model protocol is simple and stable, providing valuable guidance for practitioners in the field of cerebral ischemia.

作者聚焦：脑缺血建模的新方法 – 增强再灌注和简化手术

This protocol describes the process of preparing for middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion via the common carotid artery.

培养一个精密的显微外科技术在大鼠颈总动脉，颈外静脉移植：介入

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此视频中的章节

颈动脉和颈静脉导管在有意识大鼠模型进行血流动力学措施，输液和血液采样

执行永久远端大脑中与老年大鼠颈总动脉闭塞研究皮层缺血具有持续残疾

大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤模型试验抗血管重建治疗

颈动脉介入移植中颈静脉持久性转基因表达的家兔模型

利用血管袖带的小鼠异位宫颈心脏移植

兔子静脉介词模型模仿再血管化手术使用静脉移植评估动脉血压下的影响增生

建立大鼠永久性颈静脉插管的显微外科技能，用于口服药物的连续血液采样

大脑中动脉闭塞再灌注的改良模型制备

大脑中动脉闭塞再灌注的改良模型制备

大脑中动脉闭塞再灌注的改良模型制备