这项工作是由韩国（2013R1A1A1061387）国家研究基金会和KU-KIST的研究基金的支持。

1.准备前兆<ol><li>制备氧化石墨烯（GO）的： <ol><li> GO准备采用改良悍马的方法14 <ol><li>添加3.0的克石墨片到浓缩的 H 2的混合物中的SO 4 / H 3 PO 4（360：40毫升）中于RT。 （注：特别注意有同时使用强酸H 2 SO 4和H 3 PO 4上当。） </li><li>加入高锰酸钾 （18.0克）在搅拌下缓慢冷却，在冰浴中以维持反应混合物在&lt;35℃的温度。 （溶液变得粘稠增加反应时间，需要用适当的方法来保持高效搅拌。）（注：特别注意具有同时加入高锰酸钾 ，由于放热反应才能作出。） </li><li>搅拌12小时，在50℃，然后冷却至室温，并倾倒反应混合物在冰（400ml）中含有30％的H 2 O 2（3毫升）中。 </li><li>滤波器第r反应的影响混合物使用金属美国标准测试筛（300微米）以除去未反应的石墨和离心机滤液（4722 xg离心速度为2小时），以除去上清液。 </li><li>再次重复离心步骤用200ml水，加入200ml 30％的HCl，200ml乙醇和蒸馏水，直到溶液的pH值范围在5.0-6.0。 </li><li>冻干最终的解决方案，以生产出蓬松GO粉末。 </li><li>为了使纳米尺寸的GO溶液，溶解在40ml的三次蒸馏水（&gt; 18兆欧）20毫克的GO粉末，然后通过延长超声处理（35％振幅，500瓦，2小时）剥离，直到整个尺寸分布变得低于150纳米，那么它离心两次（10625 XG的速度，15分钟）除去沉淀物（未剥离的大型GO张）。 </li></ol></li></ol></li><li>电浆纳米粒子的制备<ol><li>金纳米粒子的制备<ol><li>柠檬酸盐稳定的球形金纳米粒子（AUN为30nm的颗粒尺寸Ps的，OD = 1.0）用于R-GO还原。 </li></ol></li><li>的AuNRs 15制备<ol><li>通过添加硼氢化钠溶液（0.01M）新鲜制备的0.6毫升的冰冷溶液成以0.25ml氯金酸4（0.01M）和9.75毫升十六烷基三溴化铵（CTAB的含水混合物溶液撰写，0.1M制备种子溶液）。 </li><li>搅拌得到的混合物剧烈0.5分钟，然后将其保持在28℃下3小时。 </li><li>通过混合475毫升的CTAB（0.1M），将3ml的AgNO 3（0.01M）和20毫升氯金酸4（0.01M）制备的生长溶液。 </li><li>再加入新鲜制备的3.2毫升抗坏血酸（0.01 M），到接着加入0.8毫升的HCl水溶液（1.0M）溶液的混合物中。 </li><li>在最后的步骤中添加3.2毫升种子溶液的生长溶液在28 °C和服从反应混合物中快速反转的几秒钟。最后，柯EP所得混合物静置至少6小时。 </li><li>分析制备AuNRs用紫外-可见光谱的吸收最大值（λmax）和 TEM分析（通常为λ最大和纵横比被认为是730纳米和3.5，分别）。 </li></ol></li><li>的AuNSs 16准备 <ol><li>制备的4-（2-羟乙基）用100mM的浓度水溶液原液-1-哌嗪乙磺酸（HEPES），并通过添加1.0M的氢氧化钠溶液将pH调节至7.4，在25℃。 </li><li>拌20个ml的磷酸盐缓冲液（100毫摩尔）用30毫升的2- [4-（2-羟乙基）-1-哌嗪基]乙磺酸（100毫摩尔）。 </li><li>然后加入500μl的金（III）三水合物（20毫米）到上述混合物中，并保持在28.5℃下，在水浴30分钟。从淡黄色溶液颜色变成蓝绿色后，可以观察到30分钟。 </li><li>离心溶液在8928×g离心速度为30分钟，并分散沉淀在蒸馏水中。 </li><li>最后，分析所制备的AuNSs用紫外-可见光谱的吸收最大值（λmax）和 TEM分析为颗粒大小确认其被发现是分别740纳米和30纳米。 </li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> 2.制备R-GO利用可见光和金纳米粒子<ol><li>加入1毫升电浆纳米颗粒率（Abs 1.0在520nm为金纳米粒子，ABS 1.0原子，分别750纳米为AuNRs和ABS 1.0在730毫微米为AuNSs）和100微升的氢氧化铵（28％，重量/体积％），以将10ml GO溶液（OD 1.0在230nm，0.125毫克毫升-1）置于装有水的循环夹套的耐热玻璃反应器中。 </li><li>通过水循环夹套照射用氙灯（1.56W¯¯cm -2的功率密度）的混合物30分钟，用水循环，以保持温度在25℃，然后离心该溶液在10625×g离心速度进行15分钟至删除金纳米粒子。 </li><li>采取包含上清液中制备的r-GO与紫外可见分光光度计分析（R-GO应显示的独特吸收带在270nm处）在200-900纳米范围内。 </li></ol> 3.目标DNA检测使用R-GO解决方案17 <ol><li>对于荧光淬灭，加入20微升10 -6 M的Cy3修饰的单链DNA（5&#39;-ATC CTT ATC AAT ATT TAA CAA TAA TCC CTC-Cy3-3&#39;）到含有25微升GO GO的或R-GO解决方案（0.125毫克毫升-1）或1955微升的0.3M PBS溶液（10mM磷酸盐缓冲液，0.3M NaCl）中的r-GO（0.125毫克毫升-1），并孵育在室温10分钟。 </li><li>测量这些样品用荧光分光光度计（λ= 前 529纳米）的荧光强度。 </li><li>对于目标检测，在三种不同浓度（10 -6 &lt;加入200微升目标寡核苷酸溶液（5&#39;-GAG GGA TTA TTG TTA AAT ATT GAT AAG GAT- 3&#39;）的/ SUP&gt;男，10 -7 M，10 -8 M）为含有20微升10 -6 M单链DNA的Cy3，25微升GO或R-GO的GO或R-GO解决方案（0.125毫克毫升-1）和1755微升0.3M的PBS的荧光恢复实验。17 注意事项： 光源及反应器 可见光（400-780 nm）的来源。可见光照射通过含有用Xe灯（1.56瓦/厘米2的功率）GO溶液的Pyrex玻璃制反应器（窗口直径为1.1厘米）。施加到反应器中的光子能量被计算为4.8×10 21光子每分钟（ 图2A-2C）。 近红外（NIR）激光。近红外激光（窗口直径= 13.2厘米）与0.36瓦/厘米2的功率密度，和808的工作波长处已被用作近红外光为GO还原反应（图2E）的来源。光子能量计算为每分钟2.43×10 21光子。 REAC器：耐热玻璃反应器（直径窗口= 1.1的厘米;反应体积= 10毫升）配备有水夹套循环同时用于可见光和NIR光照射的GO还原反应（图2F）。 </li></ol>

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我们什么都没有透露。

可见光照射到30分钟与金粒子（AuNPs，AuNSs＆AuNRs）GO溶液显示从浅黄棕色至黑的颜色（ 图1）的快速颜色变化。为了获得高纯度的R-GO产品的高收益，有两个重要的因素需要遵循。一种是使用金纳米粒子作为有效的等离子体激元催化剂，因为金纳米粒子可以强烈地吸收其它结构（即，AuNRs，AuNSs）之间的可见光。另一种是利用纳米GO解决方案，以获得纳米颗粒无高纯度的R-GO产品。所...

<html>第一开发苏格兰胶带基于方法1和化学气相沉积2分别以产生石墨烯的原始状态优良的方法，但与广域表面上的大型的石墨烯合成或石墨烯层的形成已被视为一个关键限制以前的方法。对于大规模的r-GO合成将湿化学合成的方法，该方法首先需要与强氧化剂，广泛物理处理如超声处理的反应，以产生GO片，和氧功能，例如最后的减少可能的解决方案3的一个如羟基，环氧基和羰基在GO是为了恢复其原有的物理性能是必不可少的。4晴，GO为还原，进行与使用的肼或其衍生物5或通过热处理方法或者化学方法（550-1,100° C）在惰性气氛或还原气氛。6 jove_content“&gt;这些方法需要有毒的化学物质，反应时间长，高温而增加了的r-GO合成总的能源需求。7虽然光照射还原过程，如紫外线引起，8光热过程使用脉冲氙闪光，9脉冲激光辅助10和光热相机闪光灯11也有报道用于制备加热的r-GO，在通常情况下，光诱导方法转换效率低传播到利用紫外线或脉冲的激光照射，可提供高光子能量。可见光的低光子能量限制了它的使用，而不是引起了对于R-GO合成。电​​浆纳米颗粒的优异的光吸收特性中的可见和/或近红外区域可以大大改善目前的缺点12,13温和的反应条件，反应时间短，限制使用有毒通道的使用可见光为R-GO合成。emicals可以使可见光诱导等离子体辅助光催化还原GO作为一种有用的替代方法。 在本方法中，我们使用电浆纳米粒子和可见光描述了高效和简单的R-GO合成方法。反应进程被发现是强烈地依赖于电浆纳米颗粒的结构，例如球形金粒子（AuNPs），金纳米棒（AuNRs）和金纳米星（AuNSs）。使用金纳米粒子表现出最有效的减少的GO和纳米颗粒是易于拆卸和可循环用于重复使用（ 图1）。在R-GO使用可见光合成金纳米粒子表现出几乎相同的品质与相比R-GO准备知名化学法（肼）就证明了利用各种分析测量和荧光猝灭/恢复基于DNA的检测方法。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Cy3 modifeid ssDNA</td>
			<td>IDT(Iowa, USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>HPLC purified by IDT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold nanoparticles (30 nm)</td>
			<td>Ted Pella, Inc(Redding, CA, USA).</td>
			<td>15706-20</td>
			<td>colloidal solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethane sulfonic acid (HEPES) (99.5%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7365-45-9</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold(III)Chloride Hydrate (99.999%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>&#160;27988-77-8</td>
			<td>strongly hygroscopic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Borohydride (99.99%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>16940-66-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (&#8805;99%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>57-09-0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-Ascorbic Acid(&#8805;99.0%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>50-81-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride (99.5%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7647-14-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver Nitrate&#160; (&#8805;99.0%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7761-88-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Graphite</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7782-42-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sulfuric acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7664-93-9</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phophoric acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7664-38-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium permanganate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7722-64-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrogen peroxide</td>
			<td>JUNSEI</td>
			<td>23150-0350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ammonium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>1336-21-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xe-lamp</td>
			<td>&#160;Cermax, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NIR Laser</td>
			<td>Class-IV, Sanctity Laser, Shanghai, China&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>6W (output power)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>UV-Vis spectrophotometer&#160;</td>
			<td>S-3100, SINCO, South Korea</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transmission Electron Microscopy</td>
			<td>H-7650, Hitachi, Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectro Fluorometer</td>
			<td>Jasco FP-6500, Tokyo, Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer</td>
			<td>AXIS&#8211;NOVA, KRATOS Inc., UK</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

visible-light induced reduction of graphene oxide using plasmonic nanoparticle

目前的工作证明了简单，无化学，快速，高效节能利用可见光照射电浆纳米颗粒在室温下制造减少了石墨烯氧化物（R-GO）溶液方法。电浆纳米颗粒用于改进GO为还原效率。只需要30分钟，在RT下通过照射用氙灯的解决方案中，R-GO的解决方案可以通过简单的离心步骤完全除去金纳米颗粒而获得。球形金粒子（AuNPs）相比于其它纳米结构是最合适的电浆纳米结构物的R-GO制剂。所述还原的石墨烯氧化物制备使用可见光和金纳米粒子同样定性化学还原的石墨烯氧化物，其通过诸如UV-Vis光谱，拉曼光谱，粉末XRD和XPS各种分析技术的支持。制备的可见光减少的氧化石墨烯显示在氟优良的淬特性修改后的单链DNA和优良的荧光恢复的目标DNA检测escent分子。制备纳米金回收The-Go的r被认为是相同的质量与化学还原R-GO的。与电浆纳米粒子的使用可见光演示了R-GO合成好的替代方法。

图1示出了用于可见光和电浆纳米颗粒基的r-GO还原反应的总体方案。 图2示出了仪器设置的新的反应。反应后，需要离心步骤以除去所用的光催化剂（AuNSs，AuNRs，或金纳米粒子），如图3A所示。高分辨的分析表明，在上清液（R-GO）（图3B），这也是可能的，以确认，用紫外-可见分析，如图3C所示，吸收带从第...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle at JoVE.com

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

一个简单的协议，用于石墨烯氧化物减少使用可见光和电浆纳米粒子的制备描述。

可见光诱导的还原氧化石墨烯的使用电浆纳米粒子

Present work demonstrates the simple, chemical free, fast, and energy efficient method to produce reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) solution at RT using ...

visible-light-induced-reduction-graphene-oxide-using-plasmonic

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

14.3K 次观看.  Korea University. 一个简单的协议，用于石墨烯氧化物减少使用可见光和电浆纳米粒子的制备描述。 

视频: Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on photoconduction, which has been one of the most commonly used techniques for terahertz generation 1-8. Terahertz generation in a photoconductive emitter is achieved by pumping an ultrafast photoconductor with a pulsed or heterodyned laser illumination. The induced photocurrent, which follows the envelope of the pump laser, is routed to a terahertz radiating antenna connected to the photoconductor contact electrodes to generate terahertz radiation. Although the quantum efficiency of a photoconductive emitter can theoretically reach 100%, the relatively long transport path lengths of photo-generated carriers to the contact electrodes of conventional photoconductors have severely limited their quantum efficiency. Additionally, the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown strictly limit the maximum output power of conventional photoconductive terahertz sources. To address the quantum efficiency limitations of conventional photoconductive terahertz emitters, we have developed a new photoconductive emitter concept which incorporates a plasmonic contact electrode configuration to offer high quantum-efficiency and ultrafast operation simultaneously. By using nano-scale plasmonic contact electrodes, we significantly reduce the average photo-generated carrier transport path to photoconductor contact electrodes compared to conventional photoconductors 9. Our method also allows increasing photoconductor active area without a considerable increase in the capacitive loading to the antenna, boosting the maximum terahertz radiation power by preventing the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown at high optical pump powers. By incorporating plasmonic contact electrodes, we demonstrate enhancing the optical-to-terahertz power conversion efficiency of a conventional photoconductive terahertz emitter by a factor of 50 10.

We describe methods for the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of plasmonic photoconductive emitters, which offer two orders of magnitude higher terahertz power levels compared to conventional photoconductive emitters.

电浆光电导太赫兹发射器的设计，制造和实验表征

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on ...

科研

工程学

Evaluating Plasmonic Transport in Current-carrying Silver Nanowires

Plasmonics is an emerging technology capable of simultaneously transporting a plasmonic signal and an electronic signal on the same information support1,2,3. In this context, metal nanowires are especially desirable for realizing dense routing networks4. A prerequisite to operate such shared nanowire-based platform relies on our ability to electrically contact individual metal nanowires and efficiently excite surface plasmon polaritons5 in this information support. In this article, we describe a protocol to bring electrical terminals to chemically-synthesized silver nanowires6 randomly distributed on a glass substrate7. The positions of the nanowire ends with respect to predefined landmarks are precisely located using standard optical transmission microscopy before encapsulation in an electron-sensitive resist. Trenches representing the electrode layout are subsequently designed by electron-beam lithography. Metal electrodes are then fabricated by thermally evaporating a Cr/Au layer followed by a chemical lift-off. The contacted silver nanowires are finally transferred to a leakage radiation microscope for surface plasmon excitation and characterization8,9. Surface plasmons are launched in the nanowires by focusing a near infrared laser beam on a diffraction-limited spot overlapping one nanowire extremity5,9. For sufficiently large nanowires, the surface plasmon mode leaks into the glass substrate9,10. This leakage radiation is readily detected, imaged, and analyzed in the different conjugate planes in leakage radiation microscopy9,11. The electrical terminals do not affect the plasmon propagation. However, a current-induced morphological deterioration of the nanowire drastically degrades the flow of surface plasmons. The combination of surface plasmon leakage radiation microscopy with a simultaneous analysis of the nanowire electrical transport characteristics reveals the intrinsic limitations of such plasmonic circuitry.

Silver nanowires can simultaneously transport electrons and optical information in the form of surface plasmons. A procedure is described here to realize such a shared circuitry and the limitations at propagating both information carriers are evaluated.

Plasmonics is an emerging technology capable of simultaneously transporting a plasmonic signal and an electronic signal on the same information ...

Development of a 3D Graphene Electrode Dielectrophoretic Device

The design and fabrication of a novel 3D electrode microdevice using 50 &#181;m thick graphene paper and 100 &#181;m double sided tape is described. The protocol details the procedures to construct a versatile, reusable, multiple layer, laminated dielectrophoresis chamber. Specifically, six layers of 50 &#181;m x&#160;0.7 cm x&#160;2 cm graphene paper and five layers of double sided tape were alternately stacked together, then clamped to a glass slide. Then a 700 &#956;m diameter micro-well was drilled through the laminated structure using a computer-controlled micro drilling machine. Insulating properties of the tape layer between adjacent graphene layers were assured by resistance tests. Silver conductive epoxy connected alternate layers of graphene paper and formed stable connections between the graphene paper and external copper wire electrodes. The finished device was then clamped and sealed to a glass slide. The electric field gradient was modeled within the multi-layer device. Dielectrophoretic behaviors of 6 &#956;m polystyrene beads were demonstrated in the 1 mm deep micro-well, with medium conductivities ranging from 0.0001 S/m to 1.3 S/m, and applied signal frequencies from 100 Hz to 10 MHz. Negative dielectrophoretic responses were observed in three dimensions over most of the conductivity-frequency space and cross-over frequency values are consistent with previously reported literature values. The device did not prevent AC electroosmosis and electrothermal flows, which occurred in the low and high frequency regions, respectively. The graphene paper utilized in this device is versatile and could subsequently function as a biosensor after dielectrophoretic characterizations are complete.

A microdevice with high throughput potential is used to demonstrate three-dimensional (3D) dielectrophoresis (DEP) with novel materials. Graphene nanoplatelet paper and double sided tape were alternately stacked; a 700 &#956;m micro-well was drilled transverse to the layers. DEP behavior of polystyrene beads was demonstrated in the micro-well.

三维石墨电极介电泳装置的研制

The design and fabrication of a novel 3D electrode microdevice using 50 &#181;m thick graphene paper and 100 &#181;m double sided tape is described. The ...

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Oxide nanoelectronics is a rapidly growing field which seeks to develop novel materials with multifunctional behavior at nanoscale dimensions. Oxide interfaces exhibit a wide range of properties that can be controlled include conduction, piezoelectric behavior, ferromagnetism, superconductivity and nonlinear optical properties. Recently, methods for controlling these properties at extreme nanoscale dimensions have been discovered and developed. Here are described explicit step-by-step procedures for creating LaAlO3/SrTiO3 nanostructures using a reversible conductive atomic force microscopy technique. The processing steps for creating electrical contacts to the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface are first described. Conductive nanostructures are created by applying voltages to a conductive atomic force microscope tip and locally switching the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface to a conductive state. A versatile nanolithography toolkit has been developed expressly for the purpose of controlling the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip path and voltage. Then, these nanostructures are placed in a cryostat and transport measurements are performed. The procedures described here should be useful to others wishing to conduct research in oxide nanoelectronics.

Oxide nanostructures provide new opportunities for science and technology. The interfacial conductivity between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 can be controlled with near-atomic precision using a conductive atomic force microscopy technique. The protocol for creating and measuring conductive nanostructures at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces is demonstrated.

写作和氧化物纳米结构的低温特性

Oxide nanoelectronics is a rapidly growing field which seeks to develop novel materials with multifunctional behavior at nanoscale dimensions.  Oxide ...

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Efforts to assemble graphene into three-dimensional monolithic structures have been hampered by the high cost and poor processability of graphene. Additionally, most reported graphene assemblies are held together through physical interactions (e.g., van der Waals forces) rather than chemical bonds, which limit their mechanical strength and conductivity. This video method details recently developed strategies to fabricate mass-producible, graphene-based bulk materials derived from either polymer foams or single layer graphene oxide. These materials consist primarily of individual graphene sheets connected through covalently bound carbon linkers. They maintain the favorable properties of graphene such as high surface area and high electrical and thermal conductivity, combined with tunable pore morphology and exceptional mechanical strength and elasticity. This flexible synthetic method can be extended to the fabrication of polymer/carbon nanotube (CNT) and polymer/graphene oxide (GO) composite materials. Furthermore, additional post-synthetic functionalization with anthraquinone is described, which enables a dramatic increase in charge storage performance in supercapacitor applications.

This video method describes the synthesis of high surface area, monolithic 3D graphene-based materials derived from polymer precursors as well as single layer graphene oxide.

合成和3D纳米石墨烯材料的功能化：石墨烯气凝胶和石墨烯宏组件

Efforts to assemble graphene into three-dimensional monolithic structures have been hampered by the high cost and poor processability of graphene. ...

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus have potential applications in nonlinear optics, which requires extraordinary optical intensity. One of the most studied nonlinearities in plasmonics is nonlinear absorption, including saturation and reverse saturation behaviors. Although scattering and absorption in nanoparticles are closely correlated by the Mie theory, there has been no report of nonlinearities in plasmonic scattering until very recently. 
Last year, not only saturation, but also reverse saturation of scattering in an isolated plasmonic particle was demonstrated for the first time. The results showed that saturable scattering exhibits clear wavelength dependence, which seems to be directly linked to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Combined with the intensity-dependent measurements, the results suggest the possibility of a common mechanism underlying the nonlinear behaviors of scattering and absorption. These nonlinearities of scattering from a single gold nanosphere (GNS) are widely applicable, including in super-resolution microscopy and optical switches. 
In this paper, it is described in detail how to measure nonlinearity of scattering in a single GNP and how to employ the super-resolution technique to enhance the optical imaging resolution based on saturable scattering. This discovery features the first super-resolution microscopy based on nonlinear scattering, which is a novel non-bleaching contrast method that can achieve a resolution as low as l/8 and will potentially be useful in biomedicine and material studies.

Saturable and reverse saturable scattering were discovered in isolated plasmonic particles and adopted as a novel non-bleaching contrast method in super-resolution microscopy. Here the experimental procedures of detecting and extracting nonlinear scattering are explained in detail, as well as how to enhance resolution with the aid of saturated excitation microscopy.

从单电浆纳米粒子散射非线性测量

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus ...

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

A facile, controllable, inexpensive and green electrochemical synthesis of IrO2-graphene nanohybrid thin films is developed to fabricate an easy-to-use integrated paper microfluidic electrochemical pH sensor for resource-limited settings. Taking advantages from both pH meters and strips, the pH sensing platform is composed of hydrophobic barrier-patterned paper micropad (&#181;PAD) using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with IrO2-graphene films and molded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic holder. Repetitive cathodic potential cycling was employed for graphene oxide (GO) reduction which can completely remove electrochemically unstable oxygenated groups and generate a 2D defect-free homogeneous graphene thin film with excellent stability and electronic properties. A uniform and smooth IrO2 film in nanoscale grain size is anodically electrodeposited onto the graphene film, without any observable cracks. The resulting IrO2-RGO electrode showed slightly super-Nernstian responses from pH 2-12 in Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffers with good linearity, small hysteresis, low response time and reproducibility in different buffers, as well as low sensitivities to different interfering ionic species and dissolved oxygen. A simple portable digital pH meter is fabricated, whose signal is measured with a multimeter, using high input-impedance operational amplifier and consumer batteries. The pH values measured with the portable electrochemical paper-microfluidic pH sensors were consistent with those measured using a commercial laboratory pH meter with a glass electrode.

The study demonstrates the growth of iridium oxide-reduced graphene oxide (IrO2-RGO) nanohybrid thin films on irregular and rough screen-printed carbon substrate through a green electrochemical synthesis, and their implementation as a pH sensor with a patterned paper-fluidic platform.

氧化铱还原氧化石墨烯纳米杂化薄膜修饰丝网印刷电极一次性电化学微流控纸pH传感器

A facile, controllable, inexpensive and green electrochemical synthesis of IrO2-graphene nanohybrid thin films is developed to fabricate an easy-to-use ...

Preparation of ZnO Nanorod/Graphene/ZnO Nanorod Epitaxial Double Heterostructure for Piezoelectrical Nanogenerator by Using Preheating Hydrothermal

Well-aligned ZnO nanostructures have been intensively studied over the last decade for remarkable physical properties and enormous applications. Here, we describe a one-step fabrication technique to synthesis freestanding ZnO nanorod/graphene/ZnO nanorod double heterostructure. The preparation of the double heterostructure is performed by using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and preheating hydrothermal technique. In addition, the morphological properties were characterized by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The utility of freestanding double heterostructure is demonstrated by fabricating the piezoelectric nanogenerator. The electrical output is improved up to 200% compared to that of a single heterostructure owing to the coupling effect of the piezoelectricity between the arrays of ZnO nanorods on the top and bottom of graphene. This unique double heterostructure have a tremendous potential for applications of electrical and optoelectrical devices where the high number density and specific surface area of nanorod are needed, such as pressure sensor, immuno-biosensor and dye-sensitized solar cells.

One-step fabrication method for obtaining freestanding epitaxial double heterostructure is presented. This approach could achieve ZnO coverage with a higher number density than that of the epitaxial single heterostructure, leading to a piezoelectric nanogenerator with an increased output electrical performance.

利用预热水热氧化锌纳米棒/石墨烯/氧化锌纳米棒外延双异质结的机压电纳米发电机的研制

Well-aligned ZnO nanostructures have been intensively studied over the last decade for remarkable physical properties and enormous applications. Here, we ...

Multifunctional Hybrid Fe2O3-Au Nanoparticles for Efficient Plasmonic Heating

One of the most widely used methods for manufacturing colloidal gold nanospherical particles involves the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to neutral gold Au(0) by reducing agents, such as sodium citrate or sodium borohydride. The extension of this method to decorate iron oxide or similar nanoparticles with gold nanoparticles to create multifunctional hybrid Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles is straightforward. This approach yields fairly good control over Au nanoparticle dimensions and loading onto Fe2O3. Additionally, the Au metal size, shape, and loading can easily be tuned by changing experimental parameters (e.g., reactant concentrations, reducing agents, surfactants, etc.). An advantage of this procedure is that the reaction can be done in air or water, and, in principle, is amenable to scaling up. The use of such optically tunable Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles for hyperthermia studies is an attractive option as it capitalizes on plasmonic heating of gold nanoparticles tuned to absorb light strongly in the VIS-NIR region. In addition to its plasmonic effects, nanoscale Au provides a unique surface for interesting chemistries and catalysis. The Fe2O3 material provides additional functionality due to its magnetic property. For example, an external magnetic field could be used to collect and recycle the hybrid Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles after a catalytic experiment, or alternatively, the magnetic Fe2O3 can be used for hyperthermia studies through magnetic heat induction. The photothermal experiment described in this report measures bulk temperature change and nanoparticle solution mass loss as functions of time using infrared thermocouples and a balance, respectively. The ease of sample preparation and the use of readily available equipment are distinct advantages of this technique. A caveat is that these photothermal measurements assess the bulk solution temperature and not the surface of the nanoparticle where the heat is transduced and the temperature is likely to be higher.

Multifunctional Hybrid Fe2O3-Au Nanoparticles for Efficient Plasmonic Heating

We describe the synthesis and properties of multifunctional Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles produced by a wet chemical approach and investigate their photothermal properties using laser irradiation. The composite Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles retain the properties of both materials, creating a multifunctional structure with excellent magnetic and plasmonic properties.

多功能混合铁<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; 0<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt; -Au纳米粒子高效的电浆暖气

One of the most widely used methods for manufacturing colloidal gold nanospherical particles involves the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to ...

Advanced Compositional Analysis of Nanoparticle-polymer Composites Using Direct Fluorescence Imaging

The fabrication of polymer-nanoparticle composites is extremely important in the development of many functional materials. Identifying the precise composition of these materials is essential, especially in the design of surface catalysts, where the surface concentration of the active component determines the activity of the material. Antimicrobial materials which utilize nanoparticles are a particular focus of this technology. Recently swell encapsulation has emerged as a technique for inserting antimicrobial nanoparticles into a host polymer matrix. Swell encapsulation provides the advantage of localizing the incorporation to the external surfaces of materials, which act as the active sites of these materials. However, quantification of this nanoparticle uptake is challenging. Previous studies explore the link between antimicrobial activity and surface concentration of the active component, but this is not directly visualized. Here we show a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging. Using this method, we can quantify the uptake of nanoparticles via swell encapsulation and measure the surface concentration of encapsulated particles, which is key in optimizing the activity of functional materials.

Here we present a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of cadmium selenide quantum dots can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging.