Name: synthesis and reaction chemistry of nanosize monosodium titanate
Uploaded: 2016-02-23T14:00:00.000+00:00
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The authors thank the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) for funding. We thank Dr. Fernando Fondeur for collection and interpretation of the FT-IR spectra and Dr. John Seaman of the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory for the use of the DLS instrument for particle size measurements. We also thank the Dr. Daniel Chan of the University of Washington and the National Institute of Health (Grant #1R01DE021373-01), for funding experiments investigating the ion exchange reactions with Au(III). The Savannah River National Laboratory is operated by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC for the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC09-08SR22470.

1.纳米钛酸钠的合成（nMST） <ol><li>通过加入0.58毫升25重量％甲醇钠溶液7.62毫升异丙醇，接着1.8毫升异丙醇钛制备的10ml溶液＃1。 </li><li>通过加入0.24毫升超纯水的9.76毫升异丙醇制备的10ml溶液＃2。 </li><li>添加280毫升异丙醇到一个三颈500毫升圆底烧瓶中，接着0.44毫升的Triton X-100的（平均MW 625克/摩尔）。搅拌用磁力搅拌棒将溶液很好。 </li><li>制备双通道注射器泵以0.333毫升/分钟的速率提供解决方案＃1和＃2。 </li><li>负载溶液＃1和＃2到装有管道的长度，将允许从注射泵将溶液输送到下面的500毫升圆底烧瓶中的溶液水平两个单独的10毫升注射器。 </li><li>在搅拌的同时，解＃1和＃2（10每毫升）添加所有使用在步骤1.4中编程的注射泵进行反应。 </li> &lt;利&gt;在加入完成后，盖上烧瓶，并继续在室温搅拌24小时。 </li><li>开盖烧瓶，加热反应混合物至〜82℃（回流的异丙醇）为45-90分钟，随后用氮气吹扫，同时保持加热。异丙醇被蒸发，间歇地添加超纯水，以取代蒸发异丙醇。 </li><li>后大部分异丙醇蒸发并加入水的体积是大约50ml，除去的热量和使反应混合物冷却。 </li><li>通过一0.1微米的尼龙滤纸过滤收集产物，并用水洗涤数次以除去表面活性剂和任何残留的异丙醇。不要过滤干燥。洗涤完成后，从所述过滤器转移浆料进入预称量瓶或小瓶中，并存储作为水​​性浆液。 </li><li>通过确定浆料的固体重量百分比确定产率。这可以通过测量的等分试样的重量进行前和干燥后的淤浆。 </li></ol> 2.金（III）离子交换<ol><li>转移6.50克4.23％（重量）nMST浆液至50毫升离心管中。该量可基于实际重量百分比在上面的步骤1.10所产生的nMST浆料，并且在步骤1.11确定。 </li><li>称出0.0659克氯金酸4·3H 2 O的到1英钱玻璃小瓶。目标的Ti:金质量比为4:1。 </li><li>化解氯金酸4·3H 2 O在约1毫升水，然后转移到含有nMST离心管。冲洗小瓶几次用另外的水，以确保所有的氯金酸4·3H 2 O被转移到含有nMST离心管。 </li><li>稀释用另外的水悬浮液中，必要时，以使总体积至11毫升目标的约15毫米的最终的Au（III）的浓度。 </li><li>包裹离心管箔保持悬浮在黑暗中，一个那么D翻滚振荡器上旋转式烤架的悬浮液为至少4天。 </li><li>通过以3000 xg离心离心15分钟以分离固体收集产物。通过在水中再分散洗固体用蒸馏水洗涤三次，并reisolate通过以3000 xg离心离心15分钟以除去任何未交换金（Ⅲ）。 </li><li>存储最终产物或者作为通过在水中再分散的水悬浮液，或作为通过倾析掉最后的洗涤水和封盖管的湿润固体。存储在黑暗中的产物。 </li></ol> 3. Peroxotitanate的制备<ol><li>转移5克nMST的9.8％（重量）的浆液，以一个小的烧瓶中。 </li><li>称出0.154克30％（重量） 的 H 2 O 2的溶液中。目标的 H 2 O 2 Ti摩尔比为0.25:1。 </li><li>虽然搅拌nMST悬架以及添加0.154克的H 2 O 2溶液滴。当H 2 O 2另外，WHI暂停德固马上变成黄色。 </li><li>在添加完成后搅拌在环境温度下放置24小时进行反应。 </li><li>通过一0.1微米的尼龙过滤器过滤收集产物，并用水洗涤数次以除去任何未反应的 H 2 O 2。不要过滤干燥。洗涤完成后，从所述过滤器转移浆料进入预称量瓶或小瓶中，并存储作为水​​性浆液。 </li></ol>

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

的外来水的存在，例如从不纯试剂，可以改变该反应的结果，从而导致更大或更多分散粒子。因此，应注意，以确保使用干燥的反应物。的异丙醇钛和甲醇钠应储存在干燥器在不使用时。高纯度的异丙醇应也可用于合成。 温度被发现从凝胶起到产品的转化了关键的作用，以颗粒形式。之前和之后加热至82℃显示产物显示为一个半粒状/半凝胶状状态加热之前，但加热产物后出?...

二氧化钛和碱金属钛酸盐在各种应用中广泛使用，例如在涂料和护肤品颜料和作为能量转换和利用光催化剂1-3酸钠钛酸盐已被证明是除去各种阳离子有效的材料在宽范围的通过阳离子交换反应的pH条件4-7 除了刚才所描述的应用中，微米大小的钠钛酸盐和钠peroxotitanates最近已显示也用作治疗金属递送平台。在本申请中，治疗性金属离子如金（Ⅲ），金（Ⅰ），和铂（II）被用于（MST）钛酸酯钠的钠离子与贵金属交换钛酸交换。 在体外试验表明抑制癌症和细菌细胞通过未知的机理的生长。-8,9- 从历史上看，钠钛酸盐已经被烯生产同时使用溶胶-凝胶和导致具有颗粒尺寸范围从几到几百微米的细粉末热液合成技术。4,5,10,11最近，合成方法已被报道，产生纳米二氧化钛，金属-掺杂钛氧化物，和各种各样的其他金属钛酸盐。例子包括钠氧化钛纳米管（NaTONT）或纳米线通过在升高的温度和压力下在过量氢氧化钠的二氧化钛的反应，由过氧钛酸在升高的温度和压力下，15钠过量氢氧化钠的反应12-14钠钛酸纳米纤维和钛酸铯纳米纤维由酸交换的微米大小的钛酸盐的脱层。16 纳米钠钛酸盐和钠peroxotitanates的合成是感兴趣的增强离子交换动力学，它们通常通过膜扩散或颗粒内diffu控制锡永。这些机制是由离子交换剂的颗粒尺寸在很大程度上控制。此外，作为治疗性金属递送平台，钛酸材料的粒度将预期显著影响金属交换的钛酸盐和癌症和细菌细胞之间的相互作用的性质。例如，细菌细胞，这是典型的0.5的量级 - 2微米，可能会与微米大小的颗粒与纳米颗粒的不同的相互作用。此外，非吞噬的真核细胞已被证明为只与一个尺寸小于1微米。17。因此内在化粒子，纳米钠钛酸盐的合成也是感兴趣的便于从钛酸递送平台金属递送和细胞摄取。减少钠钛酸盐和peroxotitanates的尺寸也将增加在金属离子分离的有效容量和提高材料的光化学性质。16,18 &lt;/ SUP&gt;本文介绍了轻度溶胶-凝胶条件下合成纳米钛酸味精（nMST）的协议修改19的nMST相应过氧化物的准备。用离子交换反应加载用Au（III）中的nMST沿也进行了描述。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Titanium(IV) isopropoxide</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>377996</td><td>99.999% trace metals basis</td></tr><tr><td>Isopropyl alcholol, 99.9%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>650447</td><td>HPLC grade (Chomasolv)</td></tr><tr><td>Sodium methoxide in methanol</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>156256</td><td>25 wt%</td></tr><tr><td>Triton X-100</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>T9284</td><td>BioXtra</td></tr><tr><td>hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>G4022</td><td>ACS reagent grade</td></tr><tr><td>hydrogen peroxide (30&amp;nbsp;wt%)</td><td>Fisher</td><td>H325</td><td>Certified ACS</td></tr><tr><td>10-ml syringes</td><td>Fisher</td><td>14-823-16E</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dual channel syringe pump</td><td>Cole Parmer</td><td>EW-74900-10</td><td>Or equivalent programmable dual channel syringe pump</td></tr><tr><td>Tygon tubing 1/8 inch ID, 1/4 inch OD</td><td>Cole Parmer</td><td>EW-0640776</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tygon tubing 1/16 inch ID, 1/8 inch OD</td><td>Cole Parmer</td><td>EW-0740771</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>0.1-&amp;micro;m Nylon filter</td><td>Fisher</td><td>R01SP04700</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Labquake shaker rotisserie</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>4002110Q</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

synthesis and reaction chemistry of nanosize monosodium titanate

本文描述的合成和钛酸纳米钠的过氧化物改性（nMST），用离子交换反应一起装入用Au（III）离子的材料。合成方法是从用于生产微米级的单钠钛酸（MST），与几个重要的修改，包括改变试剂浓度，省略颗粒种子步骤，和引入非离子表面活性剂，以促进控制溶胶 - 凝胶方法得到的颗粒的形成和生长。所得nMST材料表现出与颗粒直径的范围为100至150纳米的单分散分布球状颗粒形态。该nMST材料被发现具有285 米 2ğ-1，这是比级比微米尺寸的MST高一个数量级以上的布鲁诺尔-埃米特-特勒（BET）表面积。该nMST的等电点测定3.34个pH单位，这是一个pH单位比为微米尺寸的MST测定低。 ŧ他nMST材料被发现作为一个金（Ⅲ）-exchange nanotitanate制备弱酸性的条件下有效的离子交换剂。此外，对应peroxotitanate的形成通过与过氧化氢的nMST的反应证明。

台MST使用溶胶-凝胶方法，其中，四异丙氧基钛（Ⅳ）（TIPT），甲醇钠，和水合并合成并在异丙醇以形成台MST的晶种颗粒的反应。4微米大小的颗粒，然后通过控制加入的额外生长试剂的量。所得颗粒设有无定形芯和具有约10纳米宽的尺寸在长度为50纳米的外部纤维区20 图1A显示了典型的颗粒尺寸分布，如通过动态光散射（DLS），为微米级的MST测量?...

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Synthesis and Reaction Chemistry of Nanosize Monosodium Titanate

The surfactant mediated sol-gel synthesis of nanosized monosodium titanate is described, along with preparation of the corresponding peroxide modified material. An ion-exchange reaction with Au(III) is also presented.

纳米尺寸钛酸二氢钠的合成和化学反应

This paper describes the synthesis and peroxide-modification of nanosize monosodium titanate (nMST), along with an ion-exchange reaction to load the ...

synthesis-and-reaction-chemistry-of-nanosize-monosodium-titanate

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8.6K 次观看.  Savannah River Consulting, L.L.C.. The surfactant mediated sol-gel synthesis of nanosized monosodium titanate is described, along with preparation of the corresponding peroxide modified material. An ion-exchange reaction with Au(III) is also presented.

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Preparation of Silica Nanoparticles Through Microwave-assisted Acid-catalysis

Microwave-assisted synthetic techniques were used to quickly and reproducibly produce silica nanoparticle sols using an acid catalyst with nanoparticle diameters ranging from 30-250 nm by varying the reaction conditions. Through the selection of a microwave compatible solvent, silicic acid precursor, catalyst, and microwave irradiation time, these microwave-assisted methods were capable of overcoming the previously reported shortcomings associated with synthesis of silica nanoparticles using microwave reactors. The siloxane precursor was hydrolyzed using the acid catalyst, HCl. Acetone, a low-tan &#948; solvent, mediates the condensation reactions and has minimal interaction with the electromagnetic field. Condensation reactions begin when the silicic acid precursor couples with the microwave radiation, leading to silica nanoparticle sol formation. The silica nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering data and scanning electron microscopy, which show the materials&#39; morphology and size to be dependent on the reaction conditions. Microwave-assisted reactions produce silica nanoparticles with roughened textured surfaces that are atypical for silica sols produced by St&#246;ber&#39;s methods, which have smooth surfaces.

Silica nanoparticles were prepared using acid-catalysis of a siloxane precursor and microwave-assisted synthetic techniques resulting in the controlled growth of nanomaterials ranging from 30-250 nm in diameter. The growth dynamics can be controlled by varying the initial silicic acid concentration, time of the reaction, and temperature of reaction.

Microwave-assisted synthetic techniques were used to quickly and reproducibly produce silica nanoparticle sols using an acid catalyst with nanoparticle ...

科研

化学

Fabrication of Spatially Confined Complex Oxides

Complex materials such as high Tc superconductors, multiferroics, and colossal magnetoresistors have electronic and magnetic properties that arise from the inherent strong electron correlations that reside within them. These materials can also possess electronic phase separation in which regions of vastly different resistive and magnetic behavior can coexist within a single crystal alloy material. By reducing the scale of these materials to length scales at and below the inherent size of the electronic domains, novel behaviors can be exposed. Because of this and the fact that spin-charge-lattice-orbital order parameters each involve correlation lengths, spatially reducing these materials for transport measurements is a critical step in understanding the fundamental physics that drives complex behaviors. These materials also offer great potential to become the next generation of electronic devices 1-3. Thus, the fabrication of low dimensional nano- or micro-structures is extremely important to achieve new functionality. This involves multiple controllable processes from high quality thin film growth to accurate electronic property characterization. Here, we present fabrication protocols of high quality microstructures for complex oxide manganite devices. Detailed descriptions and required equipment of thin film growth, photo-lithography, and wire-bonding are presented.

We describe the use of pulsed laser deposition (PLD), photolithography and wire-bonding techniques to create micrometer scale complex oxides devices. The PLD is utilized to grow epitaxial thin films. Photolithography and wire-bonding techniques are introduced to create practical devices for measurement purposes.

空间密闭的复合氧化物制备

Complex materials such as high Tc superconductors, multiferroics, and colossal magnetoresistors have electronic and magnetic properties that arise from ...

工程学

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films

Atomically defined substrate surfaces are prerequisite for the epitaxial growth of complex oxide thin films. In this protocol, two approaches to obtain such surfaces are described. The first approach is the preparation of single terminated perovskite SrTiO3 (001) and DyScO3 (110) substrates. Wet etching was used to selectively remove one of the two possible surface terminations, while an annealing step was used to increase the smoothness of the surface. The resulting single terminated surfaces allow for the heteroepitaxial growth of perovskite oxide thin films with high crystalline quality and well-defined interfaces between substrate and film. In the second approach, seed layers for epitaxial film growth on arbitrary substrates were created by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition of nanosheets. As model system Ca2Nb3O10- nanosheets were used, prepared by delamination of their layered parent compound HCa2Nb3O10. A key advantage of creating seed layers with nanosheets is that relatively expensive and size-limited single crystalline substrates can be replaced by virtually any substrate material.

Various procedures are outlined to prepare atomically defined templates for epitaxial growth of complex oxide thin films. Chemical treatments of single crystalline SrTiO3 (001) and DyScO3 (110) substrates were performed to obtain atomically smooth, single terminated surfaces. Ca2 Nb3 O10- nanosheets were used to create atomically defined templates on arbitrary substrates.

原子定义模板复合氧化物薄膜的外延生长

Atomically defined substrate surfaces are prerequisite for the epitaxial growth of complex oxide thin films. In this protocol, two approaches to obtain ...

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Photocatalytically active nanostructures require a large specific surface area with the presence of many catalytically active sites for the oxidation and reduction half reactions, and fast electron (hole) diffusion and charge separation. Nanowires present suitable architectures to meet these requirements. Axially segmented Ag|ZnO and radially segmented (coaxial) TiO2-Ag nanowires with a diameter of 200 nm and a length of 6-20 &#181;m were made by templated electrodeposition within the pores of polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE) or anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes, respectively. In the photocatalytic experiments, the ZnO and TiO2 phases acted as photoanodes, and Ag as cathode. No external circuit is needed to connect both electrodes, which is a key advantage over conventional photo-electrochemical cells. For making segmented Ag|ZnO nanowires, the Ag salt electrolyte was replaced after formation of the Ag segment to form a ZnO segment attached to the Ag segment. For making coaxial TiO2-Ag nanowires, a TiO2 gel was first formed by the electrochemically induced sol-gel method. Drying and thermal annealing of the as-formed TiO2 gel resulted in the formation of crystalline TiO2 nanotubes. A subsequent Ag electrodeposition step inside the TiO2 nanotubes resulted in formation of coaxial TiO2-Ag nanowires. Due to the combination of an n-type semiconductor (ZnO or TiO2) and a metal (Ag) within the same nanowire, a Schottky barrier was created at the interface between the phases. To demonstrate the photocatalytic activity of these nanowires, the Ag|ZnO nanowires were used in a photocatalytic experiment in which H2 gas was detected upon UV illumination of the nanowires dispersed in a methanol/water mixture. After 17 min&#160;of illumination, approximately 0.2 vol% H2 gas was detected from a suspension of ~0.1 g of Ag|ZnO nanowires in a 50 ml 80 vol% aqueous methanol solution.

Preparation and Use of Photocatalytically Active Segmented Ag|ZnO and Coaxial TiO2-Ag Nanowires Made by Templated Electrodeposition

Procedures are outlined to prepare segmented and coaxial nanowires via templated electrodeposition in nanopores. As examples, segmented nanowires consisting of Ag and ZnO segments, and coaxial nanowires consisting of a TiO2 shell and a Ag core were made. The nanowires were used in photocatalytic hydrogen formation experiments.

制备和使用光催化活性分段银|氧化锌和二氧化钛同轴<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt;银纳米线制成由模板电

Photocatalytically active nanostructures require a large specific surface area with the presence of many catalytically active sites for the oxidation and ...

Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles

A reverse microemulsion is used to encapsulate monometallic or bimetallic early transition metal oxide nanoparticles in microporous silica shells. The silica-encapsulated metal oxide nanoparticles are then carburized in a methane/hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures over 800 &#176;C to form silica-encapsulated early transition metal carbide nanoparticles. During the carburization process, the silica shells prevent the sintering of adjacent carbide nanoparticles while also preventing the deposition of excess surface carbon. Alternatively, the silica-encapsulated metal oxide nanoparticles can be nitridized in an ammonia atmosphere at temperatures over 800 &#176;C to form silica-encapsulated early transition metal nitride nanoparticles. By adjusting the reverse microemulsion parameters, the thickness of the silica shells, and the carburization/nitridation conditions, the transition metal carbide or nitride nanoparticles can be tuned to various sizes, compositions, and crystal phases. After carburization or nitridation, the silica shells are then removed using either a room-temperature aqueous ammonium bifluoride solution or a 0.1 to 0.5 M NaOH solution at 40-60 &#176;C. While the silica shells are dissolving, a high surface area support, such as carbon black, can be added to these solutions to obtain supported early transition metal carbide or nitride nanoparticles. If no high surface area support is added, then the nanoparticles can be stored as a nanodispersion or centrifuged to obtain a nanopowder.

A &#8220;removable ceramic coating method&#8221; is presented in visual format for the synthesis of non-sintered and metal-terminated monometallic and bimetallic early transition metal carbide and nitride nanoparticles with tunable sizes and crystal structures.

单金属和双金属前过渡金属碳化物和氮化物纳米粒子的反相微乳液介导的合成

A reverse microemulsion is used to encapsulate monometallic or bimetallic early transition metal oxide nanoparticles in microporous silica shells. The ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-doped Aluminosilicate Nanotubes with Enhanced Electron Conductive Properties

The goal of the protocol is to synthesize Fe-doped aluminosilicate nanotubes of the imogolite type with the formula (OH)3Al2-xFexO3SiOH. Doping with Fe aims at lowering the band gap of imogolite, an insulator with the chemical formula (OH)3Al2O3SiOH, and at modifying its adsorption properties towards azo-dyes, an important class of organic pollutants of both wastewater and groundwater.
Fe-doped nanotubes are obtained in two ways: by direct synthesis, where FeCl3 is added to an aqueous mixture of the Si and Al precursors, and by post-synthesis loading, where preformed nanotubes are put in contact with a FeCl3&#8226;6H2O aqueous solution. In both synthesis methods, isomorphic substitution of Al3+ by Fe3+ occurs, preserving the nanotube structure. Isomorphic substitution is indeed limited to a mass fraction of ~1.0% Fe, since at a higher Fe content (i.e., a mass fraction of 1.4% Fe), Fe2O3 clusters form, especially when the loading procedure is adopted. The physicochemical properties of the materials are studied by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 sorption isotherms at -196 &#176;C, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), diffuse reflectance (DR) UV-Vis spectroscopy, and &#950;-potential measurements. The most relevant result is the possibility to replace Al3+ ions (located on the outer surface of the nanotubes) by post-synthesis loading on preformed imogolite without perturbing the delicate hydrolysis equilibria occurring during nanotube formation. During the loading procedure, an anionic exchange occurs, where Al3+ ions on the outer surface of the nanotubes are replaced by Fe3+ ions. In Fe-doped aluminosilicate nanotubes, isomorphic substitution of Al3+ by Fe3+ is found to affect the band gap of doped imogolite. Nonetheless, Fe3+ sites on the outer surface of nanotubes are able to coordinate organic moieties, like the azo-dye Acid Orange 7, through a ligand-displacement mechanism occurring in an aqueous solution.

Here, we present a protocol to synthesize and characterize Fe-doped aluminosilicate nanotubes. The materials are obtained by either sol-gel synthesis upon addition of FeCl3&#8226;6H2O to the mixture containing the Si and Al precursors or by post-synthesis ionic exchange of preformed aluminosilicate nanotubes.

以增强电子导电性能的合成与表征Fe掺杂碳纳米管硅铝的

The goal of the protocol is to synthesize Fe-doped aluminosilicate nanotubes of the imogolite type with the formula (OH)3Al2-xFexO3SiOH. Doping with Fe ...

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs within the interlayer space of semiconducting layered titania nanosheet (TNS) films was investigated here. Two types of intermediate films (i.e., TNS films containing methyl viologen (TNS/MV2+) and 2-ammoniumethanethiol (TNS/2-AET+)) were prepared. The two intermediate films were soaked in an aqueous tetrachloroauric(III) acid (HAuCl4) solution, whereby considerable amounts of Au(III) species were accommodated within the interlayer spaces of the TNS films. The two types of obtained films were then soaked in an aqueous sodium tetrahydroborate (NaBH4) solution, whereupon the color of the films immediately changed from colorless to purple, suggesting the formation of AuNPs within the TNS interlayer. When only TNS/MV2+ was used as the intermediate film, the color of the film gradually changed from metallic purple to dusty purple within 30 min, suggesting that aggregation of AuNPs had occurred. In contrast, this color change was suppressed by using the TNS/2-AET+ intermediate film, and the AuNPs were stabilized for over 4 months, as evidenced by the characteristic extinction (absorption and scattering) band from the AuNPs.

In Situ Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles without Aggregation in the Interlayer Space of Layered Titanate Transparent Films

Here, we present a protocol for the in situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) within the interlayer space of layered titanate films without the aggregation of AuNPs. No spectral change was observed even after 4 months. The synthesized material has expected applications in catalysis, photo-catalysis, and the development of cost-effective plasmonic devices.

在没有聚集的层状钛酸盐薄膜透明的层间金纳米粒子的原位合成

Combinations of metal oxide semiconductors and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been investigated as new types of materials. The in situ synthesis of AuNPs ...

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance

The chemical bonding of particulate photocatalysts to supporting material surfaces is of great importance in engineering more efficient and practical photocatalytic structures. However, the influence of such chemical bonding on the optical and surface properties of the photocatalyst and thus its photocatalytic activity/reaction selectivity behavior has not been systematically studied. In this investigation, TiO2 has been supported on the surface of SiO2 by means of two different methods: (i) by the in situ formation of TiO2 in the presence of sand quartz via a sol-gel method employing tetrabutyl orthotitanium (TBOT); and (ii) by binding the commercial TiO2 powder to quartz on a surface silica gel layer formed from the reaction of quartz with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). For comparison, TiO2 nanoparticles were also deposited on the surfaces of a more reactive SiO2 prepared by a hydrolysis-controlled sol-gel technique as well as through a sol-gel route from TiO2 and SiO2 precursors. The combination of TiO2 and SiO2, through interfacial Ti-O-Si bonds, was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and the photocatalytic activities of the obtained composites were tested for photocatalytic degradation of NO according to the ISO standard method (ISO 22197&#8722;1). The electron microscope images of the obtained materials showed that variable photocatalyst coverage of the support surface can successfully be achieved but the photocatalytic activity towards NO removal was found to be affected by the preparation method and the nitrate selectivity is adversely affected by Ti-O-Si bonding.

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance

The focus of the present work is to establish means to generate and quantify levels of Ti-O-Si linkages and to correlate these with the photocatalytic properties of the supported TiO2.

界面化学键合在TiO中的作用<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; -SiO<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt;复合材料对其光催化NOx消除性能的影响

The chemical bonding of particulate photocatalysts to supporting material surfaces is of great importance in engineering more efficient and practical ...

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain

Barium titanate (BaTiO3, hereafter BT) is an established ferroelectric material first discovered in the 1940s and still widely used because of its well-balanced ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, and dielectric constant. In addition, BT does not contain any toxic elements. Therefore, it is considered to be an eco-friendly material, which has attracted considerable interest as a replacement for lead zirconate titanate (PZT). However, bulk BT loses its ferroelectricity at approximately 130 &#176;C, thus, it cannot be used at high temperatures. Because of the growing demand for high-temperature ferroelectric materials, it is important to enhance the thermal stability of ferroelectricity in BT. In previous studies, strain originating from the lattice mismatch at hetero-interfaces has been used. However, the sample preparation in this approach requires complicated and expensive physical processes, which are undesirable for practical applications.
In this study, we propose a chemical synthesis of a porous material as an alternative means of introducing strain. We synthesized a porous BT thin film using a surfactant-assisted sol-gel method, in which self-assembled amphipathic surfactant micelles were used as an organic template. Through a series of studies, we clarified that the introduction of pores had a similar effect on distorting the BT crystal lattice, to that of a hetero-interface, leading to the enhancement and stabilization of ferroelectricity. Owing to its simplicity and cost effectiveness, this fabrication process has considerable advantages over conventional methods.

Here, we present a protocol for the synthesis of porous barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin film by a surfactant-assisted sol-gel method, in which self-assembled amphipathic surfactant micelles are used as an organic template.

孔隙诱导应变法合成多孔钛酸钡薄膜及铁电相热稳定性

Barium titanate (BaTiO3, hereafter BT) is an established ferroelectric material first discovered in the 1940s and still widely used because of its ...

Manganese Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis by Thermal Decomposition of Manganese(II) Acetylacetonate

For biomedical applications, metal oxide nanoparticles such as iron oxide and manganese oxide (MnO), have been used as biosensors and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). While iron oxide nanoparticles provide constant negative contrast on MRI over typical experimental timeframes, MnO generates switchable positive contrast on MRI through dissolution of MnO to Mn2+ at low pH within cell endosomes to &#8216;turn ON&#8217; MRI contrast. This protocol describes a one-pot synthesis of MnO nanoparticles formed by thermal decomposition of manganese(II) acetylacetonate in oleylamine and dibenzyl ether. Although running the synthesis of MnO nanoparticles is simple, the initial experimental setup can be difficult to reproduce if detailed instructions are not provided. Thus, the glassware and tubing assembly is first thoroughly described to allow other investigators to easily reproduce the setup. The synthesis method incorporates a temperature controller to achieve automated and precise manipulation of the desired temperature profile, which will impact resulting nanoparticle size and chemistry. The thermal decomposition protocol can be readily adapted to generate other metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., iron oxide) and to include alternative organic solvents and stabilizers (e.g., oleic acid). In addition, the ratio of organic solvent to stabilizer can be changed to further impact nanoparticle properties, which is shown herein. Synthesized MnO nanoparticles are characterized for morphology, size, bulk composition, and surface composition through transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The MnO nanoparticles synthesized by this method will be hydrophobic and must be further manipulated through ligand exchange, polymeric encapsulation, or lipid capping to incorporate hydrophilic groups for interaction with biological fluids and tissues.

Manganese Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis by Thermal Decomposition of ManganeseII Acetylacetonate

This protocol details a facile, one-pot synthesis of manganese oxide (MnO) nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of manganese(II) acetylacetonate in the presence of oleylamine and dibenzyl ether. MnO nanoparticles have been utilized in diverse applications including magnetic resonance imaging, biosensing, catalysis, batteries, and waste water treatment.

锰氧化物纳米粒子合成锰（II）乙酰酸盐的热分解

For biomedical applications, metal oxide nanoparticles such as iron oxide and manganese oxide (MnO), have been used as biosensors and contrast agents in ...

纳米尺寸钛酸二氢钠的合成和化学反应

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