Name: use of a rat model to study ventral abdominal hernia repair
Uploaded: 2017-10-02T12:30:00.000+00:00
Duration: 5 min 47 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair at JoVE.com

作者希望感谢瓦莱丽施罗德对这项工作的技术方面的帮助。与这个模型的发展相关的工作由库克生物技术, Inc. (西拉斐特, 在美国) 支持。

在本议定书中使用动物是由圣母大学机构动物照料和使用委员会批准的, 遵循所有的管理要求和准则, 并在由国际实验室动物保育 (AAALAC) 评估和认可协会. 
 1. 选择动物 <ol> <li> 从有信誉的供应商或育种群体中获得无病原体大鼠. 
	注: 通常情况下, 设施兽医或经理可以指示调查员到适当的来源。大约 250 g 体重的老鼠适合这个做法. </li>
	<li> 在手术前的一天, 检查动物以确保它们在临床上是健康的。在这方面, 权衡动物和评估身体状况;注意呼吸的任何异常, 任何开放性的伤口或肿块的存在, 以及动物的一般活动水平。注意手术记录中的任何异常, 并将此类观察视为潜在的排除标准. </li>
</ol> 2。无菌外科动物的麻醉和制备 <ol> <li> 用于镇痛, 管理 1.1-1.2 毫克/千克的持续释放丁丙诺啡, 皮下注射到鼠 2 #160; 手术前. 和 #160; 眼膏对眼睛的应用和管理2毫升温热的无菌生理生理盐水皮下. </li>
	<li> 麻醉鼠腹腔剂量氯胺酮盐酸盐 (90 毫克/千克) 和嗪 (10 毫克/千克)。用少量的眼部润滑剂来预防角膜 dessication。一旦动物和 #8217 的呼吸是稳定的, 不再有任何反应, 一个坚定的脚趾捏, 老鼠已经达到了麻醉水平足够的手术。可接受的麻醉水平可以进一步证实, 存在深, 定期呼吸和正常的眼睛颜色 ( 与 苍白, 这可能意味着不充分的心血管灌注). </li>
	<li> 从耻骨到胸骨, 从侧边到 ventrum, 用商业快船队刮腹腹部。通过向区域应用湿纸巾来去除修剪过的毛发. </li>
	<li> 用碘防腐剂擦洗剃光区域, 然后用70% 的乙醇擦拭。应用手术窗帘, 使切口的窗口可以与潜在的污染隔离. </li>
	<li> 不育的手术礼服, 口罩, 和头发的帽子。用肥皂和不育的外科手套彻底清洗和擦洗双手. </li>
</ol> 3。腹腹疝的制作与修复 <ol> <li> 手术前, 用高压釜消毒手术器械. </li>
	<li> 使用手术刀, 使大约 3-4 厘米垂直切口沿腹中线向下到腹部肌组织的水平。用镊子轻轻提起腹壁, 并通过式阿尔巴创建一个小开口。为了保护部下的内脏, 插入一个钳通过孔和进入腹腔, 作为一个保护指南, 当肌肉壁被切开创造一个大约 2 cm x 2 cm 完全厚度瑕疵, 切开大约 1 cm 侧向从每边式阿尔巴切口两端的中线. </li>
	<li> 放置一个预 2 cm x 2 厘米的机械桥接材料, 4 层 SIS 在这种情况下 ( 图 1 ), 在缺陷. 
	注: 另一种方法是, 可以使用一个衬底的方式, 其中的一部分材料被放置到腹腔, 以弥补缺陷从内部方面. </li>
	<li> 将桥接材料的四角缝合到腹壁肌肉, 使用4-0 丝或尼龙在一个简单的间断缝合模式. 
	注: 使用吸收缝合可方便地识别在收获与可吸收缝合材料上植入的材料. </li>
	<li> 确保材料的每个边缘都与三附加的缝合线相等。检查整个圆周边缘, 以确保不存在可能允许通过腹壁的内脏通过的重大缺口;而且, 如果存在此类缺口, 请放置额外的缝合线以进一步确保边距. </li>
	<li> 用4-0 可吸收缝合线闭合皮下组织, 以一种简单的间断模式。缝合皮肤与手术的主食, 虽然缝线应用在一个简单的中断模式也可以使用. </li>
	<li> 不要让动物无人看管, 直到它恢复了足够的意识, 重新夺回胸骨卧床; 并且, 在完全从麻醉中恢复之前, 不要将已经接受过手术的动物归还给其他动物。在此期间, 保持动物在一个温暖的地区, 以防止体温过低. </li>
	<li> 每天检查已经历此过程的动物, 以确保完全恢复和正常愈合。去除皮钉与主食卸妆 7-10 天后手术. </li>
</ol> 4。植入材料的收获 <ol> <li> 符合研究的需要, 安乐, 二氧化碳过量在室内填充率为10到 30%, 动物在预定时间, 通常在手术后 21-28 天. </li>
	<li> 使用标准的尸检工具, 打开皮肤和腹壁, 并暴露种植体的面积. 
	注意: 如果使用吸收缝合来保护植入物, 那么材料可以通过原始的缝合线 ( 图 2 ) 进行识别. </li>
	<li> 观察任何大体的病理观察, 包括任何不良反应 (如: , 伤口裂开, 脓肿, 液化, 血肿), 粘连程度和对部下脏器的坚韧性. </li>
	<li> 通过切割包括植入物在内的一组广泛的组织来移除植入物部位。将样品放在固定剂中, 如10% 中性缓冲福尔马林, 准备进行组织学检查和鉴定. </li>
</ol>

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J., Abcarian, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Short-term+outcomes+with+small+intestinal+submucosa+for+ventral+abdominal+hernia.">Short-term outcomes with small intestinal submucosa for ventral abdominal hernia.</a> Arch. Surg. 140 (6), 560-562 (2005).</li><li>Franklin, M. E., Trevino, J. M., Portillo, G., Vela, I., Glass, J. L., Gonzalez, J. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+porcine+small+intestinal+submucosa+as+a+prosthetic+material+for+laparascopic+hernia+repair+in+infected+and+potentially+contaminated+fields:+long-term+follow-up.">The use of porcine small intestinal submucosa as a prosthetic material for laparascopic hernia repair in infected and potentially contaminated fields: long-term follow-up.</a> Surg. Endosc. 22 (9), 1941-1946 (2008).</li><li>Clarke, K. M., Lantz, G. C., Salisbury, S. K., Badylak, S. F., Hiles, M. C., Voytik, S. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intestine+submucosa+and+polypropylene+mesh+for+abdominal+wall+repair+in+dogs.">Intestine submucosa and polypropylene mesh for abdominal wall repair in dogs.</a> J. Surg. Res. 60 (1), 107-114 (1996).</li><li>Sarikava, A., Record, R., Wu, C. C., Tullius, B., Badylak, S. F., Ladisch, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antimicrobial+activity+associated+with+extracellular+matrices.">Antimicrobial activity associated with extracellular matrices.</a> Tissue Eng. 8 (1), 63-71 (2002).</li><li>Serra, R., Grande, R., Butrico, L., Rossi, A., Settimio, U. 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其中一个作者 (CJ) 是由库克生物技术, Inc., 制造商的医疗级 SIS。

腹腹疝修补术的材料非常有趣, 特别是那些提供了一个初步的机械桥, 然后能够纳入宿主组织。在这方面, 研究了多种材料, 包括 SIS、猪脱细胞真皮基质和猪心包。6,7这些材料代表这些组织的胞外基质, 并充当细胞可以迁移和增殖的支架, 从而促进组织的整合。
疝修补材料的评价需要一种易于处理且具有完整愈合能力的动物模型。大?...

腹壁疝是一个常见的临床问题, 可能发生的原因是先天性缺损, 外伤, 或关闭手术伤口累及腹壁。修复通常涉及使用植入物来加强腹壁, 以减少复发率, 在治疗的患者与植入物相比, 那些在腹壁是简单地封闭与缝合。1
手术疝修补往往需要机械架桥的缺陷与植入材料。在这方面, 合成和天然材料都被用于疝气修补。许多合成材料通常是吸收, 包括聚丙烯, 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯聚酯, 和扩大聚四氟乙烯, 而其他合成植入物结合之一的吸收材料与可吸收聚合物如 polygalactine。1相比之下, 天然材料植入物通常来源于动物或人类尸体来源。用于疝修补的天然材料通常富含胶原蛋白, 并作为长和宿主组织整合的支架。
开发和优化腹腹疝修补新材料的愿望需要一个合适的动物模型来评估候选材料。研究已在各种物种进行, 包括绵羊,2猪,3兔,4大鼠,5,6,7,8和狗。9使用大鼠进行此类研究的优势在于, 它们提供了一种易于处理的模型, 可用于各种自交系, 从而控制遗传变异。此外, 与上述其他物种相比, 小鼠整体体表面积较小, 因此可以对可能具有实验性质的材料进行评估, 因此不太丰富。 此外, 与其他种类的老鼠相比, 降低了与其他物种相关的成本, 可以相对提高筛选候选材料的能力, 以便用于腹腹疝的修复。 对材料的考虑通常包括由外科医生的易于处理, 强度, 纳入宿主组织的能力, 生物相容性和抵抗感染。
作为一个例子, 猪小肠黏膜下层 (SIS) 是一种天然生物材料, 已被用于广泛的组织修复适应症, 包括修复腹腹部, 腹股沟, 和膈疝。10,11,12 SIS 迅速并入宿主组织中, 并被发现对感染具有普遍的抵抗力, 因此该材料在受污染的领域具有特殊用途。13,14在大鼠模型中, SIS 表现出了易于处理、拉伸强度和单轴拉伸破坏试验所确定的良好抗拉强度, 并在胶原沉积和新生血管方面促进组织长。6,7
准确的手术桥接缺陷是评估候选修复材料时生产模型的一个基本特征。动物必须充分麻醉和无菌技术严格遵循。此外, 一个标准尺寸的腹壁缺陷, 必须仔细地创建, 然后桥接的方式, 足以保证材料的缺陷的边缘。8本协议提供了一种标准方法, 用于手术创建和修复腹腹疝, 以 SIS 为例, 在大鼠中架桥材料。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Isoflurane (Isoflo)</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>17579</td><td>gas anesthetic</td></tr><tr><td>Optixcare Eye Lubricant</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>OPX4240</td><td>Ocular lubricant</td></tr><tr><td>Oster clippers</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>6092</td><td>hair clippers</td></tr><tr><td>Betadine surgical scrub</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>1618</td><td>antiseptic iodophor</td></tr><tr><td>Sterile scalpel</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>329</td><td>#10 scalpel</td></tr><tr><td>9&quot; x 12&quot; disposable surgical drape</td><td>Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td><td>SP-RPS</td><td>Surgical drape</td></tr><tr><td>4-0 nylon suture</td><td>Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td><td>SUT 812</td><td>Suture material</td></tr><tr><td>4-0 Absorbable Suture</td><td>Henry Schine Animal Health</td><td>29242</td><td>Synthetic absorbable suture</td></tr><tr><td>9 mm Autoclips and applier</td><td>Braintree Scientific, Inc.</td><td>ACS KIT</td><td>Surgical staples for closure of skin incision</td></tr><tr><td>Torbugesic/analgesic</td><td>Henry Schein Animal Health</td><td>12084</td><td>Butorphanol tartarate for post-operative analgesia</td></tr><tr><td>Small intestinal submucosa (SIS)</td><td>Cook Biotech, Inc.</td><td></td><td>Implant material for bridging experimental abdominal wall defect</td></tr><tr><td>Rats</td><td>Harlan, Inc.</td><td>Sprague Dawley</td><td>Animal for hernia modeling</td></tr></tbody></table>

use of a rat model to study ventral abdominal hernia repair

腹腹疝是一个相对常见的临床情况, 有时需要疝 (手术修复)。腹腹疝的修复通常需要植入一种材料, 作为横跨腹壁缺损的机械桥。生物材料, 如猪小肠黏膜下层 (SIS), 也充当细胞生长到植入体的晶格, 并能自然地融入宿主组织。这种修复材料的开发得益于动物模型的使用, 其中实验性的腹壁缺损很容易被创造出来, 并且可以以可重现的方式修复。本文所提供的方法描述了大鼠腹腹疝的手术制作和修复。当 SIS 用于修复实验性腹腹疝时, 该模型在植入后28天内迅速纳入宿主组织。组织学上, 其植入的材料纳入宿主组织的特点是一个强大的纤维反应。未来的改良和应用大鼠腹疝模型可能会涉及糖尿病和/或肥胖动物, 作为一种手段, 更密切模仿人类的共同疾病。

在植入后28天, SIS 通常会将良好的合并到宿主组织中 (图 2)。在大多数情况下, 有残余的 SIS 明显, 虽然必须经常探索组织, 以确定植入的材料。组织学分析证实了大体的病理观察, 说明良好的组织合并主要纤维组织和很少残留 SIS (图 3)。这些结果证明了大鼠腹腹疝模型的实用性。大鼠易于获得和维持, 一般在手术后迅速恢复。在植入的生物材料中的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair at JoVE.com

Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair

这篇手稿描述了与腹壁缺损 (疝气) 的创建和修复相关的方法。这种模型可以用来研究修复策略, 如那些使用植入材料。本论文以猪小肠黏膜下层为例, 对实验性疝修补术进行了探讨。

大鼠模型在腹腹疝修补术中的应用研究

Ventral abdominal hernia is a relatively common clinical condition that sometimes requires herniorraphy (surgical repair). The repair of ventral abdominal ...

use-of-a-rat-model-to-study-ventral-abdominal-hernia-repair

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Bioengineering

9.2K 次观看.  University of Minnesota. 这篇手稿描述了与腹壁缺损 (疝气) 的创建和修复相关的方法。这种模型可以用来研究修复策略, 如那些使用植入材料。本论文以猪小肠黏膜下层为例, 对实验性疝修补术进行了探讨。

视频: Use of a Rat Model to Study Ventral Abdominal Hernia Repair

Mouse Model of Surgically-induced Endometriosis by Auto-transplantation of Uterine Tissue

Endometriosis is a chronic, painful disease whose etiology remains unknown. Furthermore, treatment of endometriosis can require laparoscopic removal of lesions, and/or chronic pharmaceutical management of pain and infertility symptoms. The cost associated with endometriosis has been estimated at 22 billion dollars per year in the United States1. To further our understanding of mechanisms underlying this enigmatic disease, animal models have been employed. Primates spontaneously develop endometriosis and therefore primate models most closely resemble the disease in women. Rodent models, however, are more cost effective and readily available2. The model that we describe here involves an autologous transfer of uterine tissue to the intestinal mesentery (Figure 1) and was first developed in the rat3 and later transferred to the mouse4. The goal of the autologous rodent model of surgically-induced endometriosis is to mimic the disease in women. We and others have previously shown that the altered gene expression pattern observed in endometriotic lesions from mice or rats mirrors that observed in women with the disease5,6. One advantage of performing the surgery in the mouse is that the abundance of transgenic mouse strains available can aid researchers in determining the role of specific components important in the establishment and growth of endometriosis. An alternative model in which excised human endometrial fragments are introduced to the peritoneum of immunocompromised mice is also widely used but is limited by the lack of a normal immune system which is thought to be important in endometriosis2,7. Importantly, the mouse model of surgically induced endometriosis is a versatile model that has been used to study how the immune system8, hormones9,10 and environmental factors11,12 affect endometriosis as well as the effects of endometriosis on fertility13 and pain14.

A description of the surgical induction of endometriosis in mice and rats by auto-transplantation of uterine tissue to the arterial cascade of the intestinal mesentery.

自动子宫组织移植手术诱发子宫内膜异位症小鼠模型

Endometriosis is a chronic, painful disease whose etiology remains unknown. Furthermore, treatment of endometriosis can require laparoscopic removal of ...

科研

医学

The Helsinki Rat Microsurgical Sidewall Aneurysm Model

Experimental saccular aneurysm models are necessary for testing novel surgical and endovascular treatment options and devices before they are introduced into clinical practice. Furthermore, experimental models are needed to elucidate the complex aneurysm biology leading to rupture of saccular aneurysms.
Several different kinds of experimental models for saccular aneurysms have been established in different species. Many of them, however, require special skills, expensive equipment, or special environments, which limits their widespread use. A simple, robust, and inexpensive experimental model is needed as a standardized tool that can be used in a standardized manner in various institutions.
The microsurgical rat abdominal aortic sidewall aneurysm model combines the possibility to study both novel endovascular treatment strategies and the molecular basis of aneurysm biology in a standardized and inexpensive manner. Standardized grafts by means of shape, size, and geometry are harvested from a donor rat&#39;s descending thoracic aorta and then transplanted to a syngenic recipient rat. The aneurysms are sutured end-to-side with continuous or interrupted 9-0 nylon sutures to the infrarenal abdominal aorta.
We present step-by-step procedural instructions, information on necessary equipment, and discuss important anatomical and surgical details for successful microsurgical creation of an abdominal aortic sidewall aneurysm in the rat.

Microsurgical sidewall aneurysms in rats are created by end-to-side anastomosis of an aortic graft to the abdominal aorta. We present step-by-step instructions and discuss anatomical and surgical details for successful experimental saccular aneurysm creation.

赫尔辛基鼠显微旁瘤模型

Experimental saccular aneurysm models are necessary for testing novel surgical and endovascular treatment options and devices before they are introduced ...

Creation of a Rodent Model of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Blocking Adventitial Vasa Vasorum Perfusion

The adventitial vasa vasorum (VV) provides oxygen and nourishment to the aortic wall. Hypoxia in the aortic wall can cause enlarged abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This article introduces and describes a standard protocol used to induce AAAs through adventitial VV hypoperfusion created with a combination of polyurethane catheter insertion into the aortic lumen and suture ligation of the infrarenal abdominal aorta.
The protocol involves the use of male rats weighing 300-400 g, which are provided food and water ad libitum. After laparotomy with a ventral midline abdominal incision, exfoliation of the aorta is performed, which blocks blood flow from the perivascular tissue. Aortotomy involving a small incision adjacent to the renal artery branches is performed, and a polyurethane catheter is inserted using an 18-gauge indwelling needle. After repairing the incision, tight ligation of the aorta over the catheter blocks VV blood flow from the proximal direction through the aortic wall without disturbing the aortic blood flow. This technique can induce an AAA with progressive aortic dilatation.
The greatest benefit of this model is that VV hypoperfusion causes tissue hypoxia and the development of an infrarenal AAA, which has morphological and pathological characteristics similar to those of a human AAA.

Polyurethane catheter insertion into the aortic lumen and suture ligation of the aorta induce chronic hypoxia due to hypoperfusion of the adventitial vasa vasorum. This article describes a novel animal model of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with characteristics similar to those of AAA in humans.

阻断外瓦萨血管灌注对腹主动脉瘤鼠模型的建立

The adventitial vasa vasorum (VV) provides oxygen and nourishment to the aortic wall. Hypoxia in the aortic wall can cause enlarged abdominal aortic ...

Rat Mesentery Exteriorization: A Model for Investigating the Cellular Dynamics Involved in Angiogenesis

Microvacular network growth and remodeling are critical aspects of wound healing, inflammation, diabetic retinopathy, tumor growth and other disease conditions1, 2. Network growth is commonly attributed to angiogenesis, defined as the growth of new vessels from pre-existing vessels. The angiogenic process is also directly linked to arteriogenesis, defined as the capillary acquisition of a perivascular cell coating and vessel enlargement. Needless to say, angiogenesis is complex and involves multiple players at the cellular and molecular level3. Understanding how a microvascular network grows requires identifying the spatial and temporal dynamics along the hierarchy of a network over the time course of angiogenesis. This information is critical for the development of therapies aimed at manipulating vessel growth.
The exteriorization model described in this article represents a simple, reproducible model for stimulating angiogenesis in the rat mesentery. It was adapted from wound-healing models in the rat mesentery4-7, and is an alternative to stimulate angiogenesis in the mesentery via i.p. injections of pro-angiogenic agents8, 9. The exteriorization model is attractive because it requires minimal surgical intervention and produces dramatic, reproducible increases in capillary sprouts, vascular area and vascular density over a relatively short time course in a tissue that allows for the two-dimensional visualization of entire microvascular networks down to single cell level. The stimulated growth reflects natural angiogenic responses in a physiological environment without interference of foreign angiogenic molecules. Using immunohistochemical labeling methods, this model has been proven extremely useful in identifying novel cellular events involved in angiogenesis. Investigators can readily correlate the angiogenic metrics during the time course of remodeling with time specific dynamics, such as cellular phenotypic changes or cellular interactions4, 5, 7, 10, 11.

This article describes a simple model for stimulating angiogenesis in the rat mesentery. The model produces dramatic increases in capillary sprouting, vascular area and vascular density over a relatively short time course in a tissue that allows en face visualization of entire microvascular networks down to the single cell level.

大鼠肠系膜外化：调查涉及在血管生成细胞动力学模型

Microvacular network growth and remodeling are critical aspects of wound healing, inflammation, diabetic retinopathy, tumor growth and other disease ...

生物学

A Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Using a Novel Magnetic Anastomosis Technique for Suprahepatic Vena Cava Reconstruction

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep learning curve. The introduction of the cuff technique for anastomosis of the portal vein (PV) and infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) has significantly simplified the transplant procedure in rats. However, due to the short anterior wall of the recipients' suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC), the cuff technique is very difficult to use for the reconstruction of the SHVC. Most researchers in this field still use the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction, which makes it the bottleneck step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. The magnetic anastomosis technique (i.e., magnamosis) is a method of connecting two vessels using the attractive force between two magnets. Our recent study has shown that the magnetic anastomosis technique is superior to the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction in rats. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using the novel magnetic anastomosis technique. In this model, the reconstruction of the PV and IHVC was performed by the standard cuff technique, while the reconstruction of the bile duct (BD) was performed by a stent technique. The hepatic re-arterialization was not performed. The magnetic anastomosis technique made SHVC reconstruction much easier and significantly shortened the anphepatic phase. After a reasonable learning curve, even researchers without advanced microsurgical skills can produce reliable and reproducible results using this rat model of OLT.

The reconstruction of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) remains a difficult step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using a novel magnetic anastomosis technique.

应用新型磁吻合技术 Suprahepatic 腔静脉重建大鼠原位肝移植模型的研究

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep ...

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of colonic surgeries and can occur in up to 26% of surgical anastomoses, with mortality being up to 39% for patients with such a leak. Currently, there remains a paucity of data detailing the cellular mechanisms of anastomotic healing. Devising preventative strategies and treatment modalities for anastomotic leak could be greatly potentiated by a better understanding of appropriate anastomotic healing.
A murine model is ideal as previous studies have shown that the murine anastomosis is the most clinically similar to the human case as compared with other animal models. We offer an easily reproducible murine model of colonic anastomosis in mice that will allow for further illustration of anastomotic healing.

Anastomotic leak or breakdown after surgery is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Our surgery for creating a colonic anastomosis is a reliable and reproducible method for studying the healing mechanisms of anastomoses.

小鼠结肠吻合术的建立

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of ...

A Pre-clinical Rat Model for the Study of Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Reconstructive Microsurgery

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main cause of flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. The rat is the preferred preclinical animal model in many areas of biomedical research due to its cost-effectiveness and its translation to humans. This protocol describes a method to create a preclinical free skin flap model in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury. The described 3 cm x 6 cm rat free skin flap model is easily obtained after the placement of several vascular ligatures and the section of the vascular pedicle. Then, 8 h after the ischemic insult and completion of the microsurgical anastomosis, the free skin flap develops the tissue damage. These ischemia-reperfusion injury-related damages can be studied in this model, making it a suitable model for evaluating therapeutic agents to address this pathophysiological process. Furthermore, two main monitoring techniques are described in the protocol for the assessment of this animal model: transit-time ultrasound technology and laser speckle contrast analysis.

Here, we describe a pre-clinical animal model for studying the pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion injury in reconstructive microsurgery. This free skin flap model based on the superficial caudal epigastric vessels in the rat may also allow for the evaluation of different therapies and compounds to counteract ischemia-reperfusion injury-related damage.

重建显微外科缺血再灌注损伤研究的临床前大鼠模型

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main cause of flap failure in reconstructive microsurgery. The rat is the preferred preclinical animal model in many ...

Development of a Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Rat Model

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common pelvic floor disorder (PFD) with the potential to significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Approximately 10%-20% of women undergo pelvic floor repair surgery to treat prolapse in the United States. PFD cases result in an overall $26.3 billion annual cost in the United States alone. This multifactorial condition has a negative impact on the quality of life and yet the treatment options have only dwindled in the recent past. One common surgical option is uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS), which is typically performed by affixing the vaginal vault to the uterosacral ligament in the pelvis. This repair has a lower incidence of complications compared to those with mesh augmentation, but is notable for a relatively high failure rate of up to 40%. Considering the lack of standard animal models to study pelvic floor dysfunction, there is an urgent clinical need for innovation in this field with a focus on developing cost-effective and accessible animal models. In this manuscript, we describe a rat model of USLS involving a complete hysterectomy followed by fixation of the remaining vaginal vault to the uterosacral ligament. The goal of this model is to mimic the procedure performed on women to be able to use the model to then investigate reparative strategies that improve the mechanical integrity of the ligament attachment. Importantly, we also describe the development of an in situ tensile testing procedure to characterize interface integrity at chosen time points following surgical intervention. Overall, this model will be a useful tool for future studies that investigate treatment options for POP repair via USLS.

Pelvic organ prolapse affects millions of women worldwide and yet some common surgical interventions have failure rates as high as 40%. The lack of standard animal models to investigate this condition impedes progress. We propose the following protocol as a model for uterosacral ligament suspension and in vivo tensile testing.

子宫骶韧带悬浮大鼠模型的开发

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common pelvic floor disorder (PFD) with the potential to significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Approximately ...

Urethral Stricture Induction Followed by Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty in a Rat Model

Urethral reconstruction is an important area of expertise for urologists. The buccal mucosa is considered the best option when urethral grafting is necessary, although in some cases, it is inappropriate or needs to be optimized to repair a given stricture. Therefore, developing innovative procedures and evaluating their putative success in experimental models is crucial to fit the clinical need. With this goal, this study describes a protocol in which urethral stricture was induced by electrocautery in Wistar rats. Urethral reconstruction was performed 1 week later with a buccal mucosa graft, harvested from the lower lip, and placed in a ventral onlay fashion. A retrograde urethrogram showed a significant improvement in urethral diameter after urethroplasty compared to the respective value after stricture induction. Additionally, the graft placement was assessed by blood perfusion analysis using laser Doppler. As expected, a dark blue area corresponded to the non-vascularized buccal mucosa graft. This procedure can successfully simulate the normal pathophysiological process of urethral injury and tissue modulation, as well as urethral reconstruction using a buccal mucosa graft in a reproducible manner, and serve as the basis for future research based on tissue engineering or urethral grafts.

In the present protocol, a urethral stricture induction was developed in Wistar rats, followed by urethral reconstruction with a buccal mucosa graft. A retrograde urethrogram and laser Doppler assessment were performed, validating urethral reconstruction (after stricture formation) and graft placement.

大鼠模型中的尿道狭窄诱导后进行颊粘膜移植尿道成形术

Urethral reconstruction is an important area of expertise for urologists. The buccal mucosa is considered the best option when urethral grafting is ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>用于研究溃疡性结肠炎发病机制和治疗的实验性贮袋炎大鼠模型

A Rat Model of Pouchitis Following Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Using Dextran Sulfate Sodium

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the entire colon and rectum with a relapsing and remitting course, causing lifelong morbidity. When medical treatment is ineffective, especially in cases of massive gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, toxic megacolon, or carcinogenesis, surgery becomes the last line of defense to cure UC. Total colorectal resection and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) offer the best chance for long-term treatment. Pouchitis is the most common and troublesome postoperative complication. In this investigation, microsurgery is employed to create an ileal pouch model in experimental rats via IPAA surgery. Subsequently, a sustained rat model of pouchitis is established by inducing inflammation of the ileal pouch with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The successful establishment of rat pouchitis is validated through analysis of postoperative general status, weight, food and water intake, fecal data, as well as pouch tissue pathology, immunohistochemistry, and inflammatory factor analysis. This experimental animal model of pouchitis provides a foundation for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of the condition.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>作者聚焦：开发用于贮袋炎研究和治疗的大鼠模型

This protocol describes the method for establishing a rat model of pouchitis. The ileal pouch model was created by performing ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery using microsurgical techniques. After the surgery, the rat was treated with 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 4 days.

直肠结肠切除术和使用硫酸葡聚糖钠的回肠贮袋肛门吻合术后贮袋炎大鼠模型

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the entire colon and rectum with a relapsing and remitting course, causing ...