涉及个人行走的实验与运动和姿势分析实验室鲁汶（MALL）25合作进行的。他们的合作和支持表示感谢。

所有的程序是由鲁汶大学附属医院的伦理委员会批准，每个受试者参与前发表了书面知情同意书。 1. 3D运动跟踪:配置和数据采集<ol><li>确保各个传感器完全充电（ 图1A）。此步骤需要约1小时，但可以在之前的实际测量的日子进行。按照制造商的计费协议。 </li><li> MT管理器-数据采集2: <ol><li>启用与传感器的无线连接，并指定所需的采样率（无线配置&gt;启用所有无线大师）。 注意:为了允许行人行为的精确表征，至少60赫兹的采样率被劝告。各个传感器记录的3D线性加速度，角速度（大地）磁场和大气压力的数据。 </li><li>激活操作模式并开始测量模式:使与传感器动作迟缓约1分钟（无线配置&gt;上的所有无线大师开始测量）。 </li><li>显示所有有源传感器（视图&gt;显示&gt;惯性数据）的惯性与磁性数据。确保，而静止的，传感器的取向不机会。 注意:固定传感器的改变方向将指示磁干扰的环境，并且由此不准确的定向信息。 </li></ol></li><li>方向复位:应用对象/航向复位（对象/航向复位&gt;复位方位）来定义实验（ 图1B）2的全球参考框架。 </li><li>放置在尽可能靠近到位于第五腰椎（ 图1C）的水平质体中心（COM）的传感器。紧紧地和稳健拧紧单个传感器上带有S每个参与者pecially设计的点击式全身吊带（ 图1C）。 </li><li>按要求记录的数据。 </li><li>负载的利息（打开文件）的记录，指定导出设置（工具&gt;首选项&gt;出口商），并导出加速度（和方向矩阵）的数据进行后续分析2（文件&gt;导出）。 </li></ol> 2.力板:安装和配置注意:本步骤讨论的力板的应用程序注册的GRFS。在该行走/跑步者参与的情况下，一系列的力板或仪表跑步机将被用于注册由后续步骤3中感生的装载，协议本身是类似的。 <ol><li>确保力板牢固地固定在试验室地上（ 图2）。 </li><li>配置设备和采集设置4（NDI打开捕捉&gt;数据&gt;设备设置&gt; SettiNGS）。选择适当的"增益"和"采样率"。配置和检查外部触发设置，如果需要的话4。 <ol><li>选择在根据所希望的精度和所涉及的加载类型的增益和采样率。用于本申请中，使用128（最大挤压力4,879 N）和采样率200Hz的增益。 </li></ol></li><li>启动和结束与空力盘每次试验:去皮力板时，空（NDI打开捕捉&gt;数据&gt;设备设置&gt;设置&gt;去皮）。 </li><li>为了验证目的:将一个已知重量之前测力板的顶部，每次试验后。 注意:在本申请5kg的质量被使用，但是，使用另一个公知的硬质的质量（&gt; 2的千克）可以同等服务于这个验证测试。 </li><li>按要求记录并保存数据GRF。导出GRFS供后续分析4。 </li></ol> 3.结构Accele的测量口粮注意:本步骤的目的是在结构上的一个或多个相关位置以收集结构振动。本申请使用GeoSIG GMS录像机（ 图3）以注册结构加速度。其他类型的传感器与所涉及的应用适当的特点，可同样适用。 <ol><li>确保各个传感器完全充电。此步骤可能需要几个小时，但可以在之前的实际测量的日子进行。按照制造商的计费协议。 </li><li>安装在主结构的所希望的位置的传感器:水平传感器和，如果需要的话，提供适当的固定到主结构（ 例如，通过利用磁铁）。 注意:给定个体的高质量GMS录像机（&gt; 6千克）和所涉及的低频振荡（&lt;6赫兹），没有额外的固定在此情况下是必要的。 </li><li>对于地理DAS数据采集5:配置并启用GMS无线网络和连接与传感器5。检查时间设置和同步设置（如有必要）（右键点击传感器&gt;更多信息）。 </li><li>上的所需位置的传感器定位和在与全球基准帧协议他们的水平。 </li><li>对于GeoDAS数据采集5:导出记录的数据供后续分析（右键点击传感器&gt;仪器控制&gt;发送一个请求&gt;用户请求&gt; GETEVT 5）。 </li></ol> 4.实验受控的实验室环境<ol><li>配置/设置3D运动跟踪（在第1节讨论）。 </li><li>配置/设置力板（在第2节讨论）。 </li><li>在操作过程中:目视检查实时两个无线惯性传感器和力板的测量，以验证他们的操作模式。 </li><li>问particip蚂蚁跨上力板和静置至少30秒:这允许识别每个单独的重量。 </li><li>配置节拍器信号:选择想要的节奏， 也就是说，根本迫使频率。 注:节拍器信号可以使用免费在线或智能手机应用程序可轻松配置。 </li><li>开始记录的力板和无线惯性传感器两者的数据。 </li><li>请参与者以启动所需的活动:行走，跳跃或于节拍器信号指示的（目标起搏）率上下摆动（ 见图4）。 </li><li>记录加载循环， 例如，步骤，跳跃或摆动周期所选择的数量。请参与者下车力板。 注意:为了验证目的，建议考虑在这些条件下卸载一些额外的录制时间。在文献中，有关于要求为C的最小数量加载循环没有明确的共识haracterize周期到周期变率6。根据经验和在提出的工作[6]，这里提出的研究认为，连续的60个周期，由此在第一和最后五个加载循环被排除在进一步的分析中排除在试验的开始和结束的装载模式的不规则性。 </li></ol> 5.实验原位 <ol><li>配置/安装跟踪参与者的运动3D惯性传感器网络（见第2和图5）。 </li><li>配置/安装程序在注册结构加速度无线加速度计的大湄公河次区域网络（见第4节）。 </li><li>在操作过程中:（目视）检查无线惯性传感器的实时测量，以验证他们的操作模式。 </li><li>定义明确的协议，它允许如果需要的话所涉及的测量系统同步。 注:这一步是必要的时候介入数据采集​​系统不允许直接同步由于缺少一个触发器或公共信道的。后者是用于现场试验（5.1和5.2）在所施加的所述无线测量系统的情况。因此，一个明确的协议已经通过了网站，允许对数据集离线同步。在本申请中，所涉及的测量系统通过一个相同的事件的登记， 也就是说，冲击同步，在开始和每次试验结束时，由每个所涉及测量系统中的至少一个传感器记录。正确对齐时间向量通过这些事件的离线对准随后获得。 </li><li>配置节拍器信号: 在原位 ，使用扩音器的扩增是必需的目标节拍。 </li><li>收集足够数量的试验，以检查试验的可重复性。根据经验，作者建议记录至少3个，或优选4，TRIALS。 </li></ol> 6.数据分析<ol><li>预处理的要求所涉及的设备的原始数据:应用适当的过滤器，以除去不需要的影响，例如不相关的高频贡献和测量噪声，并根据制造商的协议保留有关的时间窗口。 注意:滤波特性应根据应用来选择。在本研究中，在MATLAB信号处理工具箱7被施加到以20Hz进行的低通带的截止频率滤波对于所有涉及的信号。 </li><li>每个参与者:计算离散傅立叶利用MATLAB信号处理工具箱7 Com的注册加速度的变换，并确定平均载荷的频率在所获得的频谱中的基波的主峰的频率。 </li><li>识别时间的负载周期中的任何两个名义上相同的事件之间S使用[3]或PediVib MATLAB工具箱8 lc_timing工具的详细方法<ol><li>加载数据载体（lc_timing&gt;加载）。 </li><li>指定的采样率和估算的平均加载频率。指定相关的时间窗，如果需要的话。保存标称相同事件的确定时间， 即负载周期（lc_timing&gt;保存）。 </li></ol></li><li>计算平均加载频率作为在随后的负载循环之间的平均时间（如在6.3标识）的倒数。 </li><li>在实验室的实验中:应用在6.3为所得地面反作用力和在每个单独的COM注册的加速度详述的方法。 注意:此步骤可作为验证的程序适用于其中GRFS不能直接测得的原位实验。中详述的方法[3]展示了如何的时变起搏频率行人可以通过表征个体的COM附近注册的加速度和随之而来的GRFS之间的关系来确定。 </li><li> 原位实验:应用在6.3在每个单独的COM注册的加速度详述的方法。 </li></ol>结构响应的7模拟与分析注意:用MATLAB 7被执行的随后的步骤。结构响应使用PediVib工具箱，由作者8开发的MATLAB工具箱（ 图6）计算:人类活动引起的力通过广义负荷模型的应用决定由李等人定义9（步行）和巴赫曼。 等 1（跳跃，奔跑和防暴加载），和结构模型中的模态被配制坐标10。随附的手册包括教程，清楚地表明了以下步骤。 <ol><li>结构响应仿真<ol><li>定义测试结构的模态参数:固有频率，模态阻尼比，质量标准化模式的位移，配合相应的节点（PediVib&gt;结构参数&gt;新建）。目视检查模式输入信息（PediVib&gt;结构参数&gt;查看）。 </li><li>定义行人的特点和相应的感应负载:负载类型，重量，行走路径/位置，平均起搏频率，每个负载周期的开始（PediVib&gt;单人行&gt;新建）。运行并保存所涉及的参与者模拟结构响应。目视检查的结果（PediVib&gt;单人行&gt;查看）。 </li></ol></li><li>计算通过各个响应的叠加， 也就是，相应的矢量求和的总结构响应，并将结果与实测结构响应比较，例如，通过创建其中显示测量和模拟结构响应的数字。 </li></ol>

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

人体运动和由此产生GRFS通常用测力板的应用识别，仪表跑步机以及光学动作捕捉技术，如维科18和19 CODA。这些技术的应用是，然而，限制在实验室环境。在回答这个缺点，那允许"自然"的人的行为测量过多次反复，不间断循环创新技术的潜力正在调查20。替代技术包括使用压敏鞋垫系统21或仪表鞋22。这些系统允许接触力的结构上直接测量，但一般只产生垂...

通过效率的经济需求和（新）材料，建筑师和工程师正在推动的界限越来越长建，更高，更轻的结构，实力的不断增强推动。通常情况下，重量轻，修长的结构具有说谎的人类共同的活动，如散步，跑步或跳跃的主导频谱中的一个或多个自然频率。可能是受到（近）共振激发，他们往往过分响应人体运动，造成1令人不安的，甚至有害的振动。这些细长和轻型结构，振动适用性日益受到关注，经常构成重要的设计要求的问题。 人体运动，将所得地面反作用力（GRFS）通常实验在实验室条件下确定的。目前，设计人员不得不依赖 - 假设什么是"保守" - 当量的1-OAD模型，从单人的测力放大的。随着设计通过在高密度人群的动态性能的约束，强大的需求存在当前可用负荷模型的验证和完善。 本协议采用了行人的自然运动的特征三维惯性运动跟踪技术。它示出该信息如何可以被用来定义行人以及相应的感应负载之间的相关性。在随后的步骤中，其特征行人行为用于数值模拟的感应结构响应。与登记的结构响应比较允许量化的不明人-结构交互的现象， 例如 ，效果，所添加的阻尼因行人的存在。该方法是用于说明全尺度试验一个真正的人行桥，其中结构响应和面值的议案ticipants同时注册。

<table><tbody><tr><td>MTw Development Kit + MT Manager Software</td><td>Xsens</td><td>MTW-38A70G20-1</td><td>Development kit with wireless, highly accurate, small and lightweight 3D human motion trackers and accompanying click-in full body straps.</td></tr><tr><td>True Impulse Kinetic Measurement System + NDI Open Capture Data Acquisition and Visualization System</td><td>NDI Northern Digital Inc.</td><td>791028</td><td>TrueImpulse measures reaction forces exerted by humans during a wide variety of activities.</td></tr><tr><td>GMS-24</td><td>GeoSIG Ltd</td><td>Rev. 03.08.2010</td><td>(Wireless) accelerometers to register the structural vibrations.</td></tr><tr><td>GeoDAS GeoSIG Data Acquisition System</td><td>GeoSIG Ltd</td><td>Rev. 03.08.2010</td><td>Graphical MS Windows application running under Windows 9x/NT/2000, providing a software interface between users and GeoSIG recorders GSR/GCR/GBV/GT.</td></tr><tr><td>PediVib toolbox</td><td>KU Leuven</td><td></td><td>Software interface/toolbox to simulate the structural vibrations induced by pedestrians.</td></tr><tr><td>Metronome</td><td></td><td></td><td>A device to indicate the targetted pacing rate of the activity (free applications are available online for pc/laptop/smartphone).</td></tr></tbody></table>

simulation of human-induced vibrations based on the characterized in-field pedestrian behavior

对于纤细轻巧的结构，振动舒适度是越来越多的关注，往往构成重要的设计要求的问题。随着设计的人类活动引起的载荷作用下管辖的动态性能，强大的需求存在的现有负荷模型验证和完善。本贡献使用的内场行人行为的表征三维惯性运动跟踪技术。该技术是在实验室的实验第一次测试与相应的地面反作用力的同时注册。实验包括散步的人，以及有节奏的人类活动，如跳跃和上下摆动。它表明，在登记的运动允许活动的时变起搏率的识别。与人的重量，并在文献中可获得的广义的力模型的应用一起，所识别的时间变起搏率允许为characterize人类造成的负荷。此外，无线运动跟踪器之间的时间同步允许识别所述参与者之间的同步速率。接着，该技术被用在其中的人和感应结构振动的两者的运动被登记一个真实天桥。它示出了其特征场行人行为如何可以适用于模拟的感应结构响应。它表明， 在确定原地踱步率和同步率构成了人类引起的负荷的仿真和验证的必要投入。拟议的方法的主要潜在应用是人类与结构相互作用现象的估计和合适的模型对实际交通状况行人之间的相关性的发展。

首先，示出的个人的COM附近登记的加速度如何可以用来表征结果GRFS。其结果在这里讨论了行走个别3。完全可比观测制成时有节奏的人类活动， 即，跳跃和上下摆动，被考虑。 图7A和7B示出了连续的垂直脚的力的振幅谱和步行的COM附近注册相应加速度水平定性高度相似即，在形状和频率。该活动的平均起搏速率可以被标识为?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior at JoVE.com

Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior

的协议，提出了在现场行人行为的特征和所产生的结构响应的模拟。现场试验表明， 在确定原地踱步参与者之间的速率和同步率构成了人类引起的负荷的仿真和验证的必要投入。

基于该特征场行人行为人类引起的振动模拟

For slender and lightweight structures, vibration serviceability is a matter of growing concern, often constituting the critical design requirement. With ...

simulation-human-induced-vibrations-based-on-characterized-field

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8.7K 次观看.  KU Leuven. 的协议，提出了在现场行人行为的特征和所产生的结构响应的模拟。现场试验表明， 在确定原地踱步参与者之间的速率和同步率构成了人类引起的负荷的仿真和验证的必要投入。 

视频: Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb

Individuals with sensorimotor pathology e.g., stroke have difficulty executing the common task of rising from sitting and initiating gait (sit-to-walk: STW). Thus, in clinical rehabilitation separation of sit-to-stand and gait initiation - termed sit-to-stand-and-walk (STSW) - is usual. However, a standardized STSW protocol with a clearly defined analytical approach suitable for pathological assessment has yet to be defined.
Hence, a goal-orientated protocol is defined that is suitable for healthy and compromised individuals by requiring the rising phase to be initiated from 120% knee height with a wide base of support independent of lead limb. Optical capture of three-dimensional (3D) segmental movement trajectories, and force platforms to yield two-dimensional (2D) center-of-pressure (COP) trajectories permit tracking of the horizontal distance between COP and whole-body-center-of-mass (BCOM), the decrease of which increases positional stability but is proposed to represent poor dynamic postural control.
BCOM-COP distance is expressed with and without normalization to subjects&#39; leg length. Whilst COP-BCOM distances vary through STSW, normalized data at the key movement events of seat-off and initial toe-off (TO1) during steps 1 and 2 have low intra and inter subject variability in 5 repeated trials performed by 10 young healthy individuals. Thus, comparing COP-BCOM distance at key events during performance of an STSW paradigm between patients with upper motor neuron injury, or other compromised patient groups, and normative data in young healthy individuals is a novel methodology for evaluation of dynamic postural stability.

Here, we present a novel protocol to measure positional stability at key events during the sit-to-stand-to-walk using the center-of-pressure to the whole-body-center-of-mass distance. This was derived from the force platform and three-dimensional motion-capture technology. The paradigm is reliable and can be utilized for the assessment of neurologically compromised individuals.

坐姿到站姿和步行距离120％膝盖高度:新方法来评估铅肢体的动态姿势控制独立

Individuals with sensorimotor pathology e.g., stroke have difficulty executing the common task of rising from sitting and initiating gait (sit-to-walk: ...

科研

行为学

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) demonstrate a technique that can be used to directly estimate the inertial properties of a below-knee prosthesis, and 2) contrast the effects of the proposed technique and that of using intact limb inertial properties on joint kinetic estimates during walking in unilateral, transtibial amputees. An oscillation and reaction board system was validated and shown to be reliable when measuring inertial properties of known geometrical solids. When direct measurements of inertial properties of the prosthesis were used in inverse dynamics modeling of the lower extremity compared with inertial estimates based on an intact shank and foot, joint kinetics at the hip and knee were significantly lower during the swing phase of walking. Differences in joint kinetics during stance, however, were smaller than those observed during swing. Therefore, researchers focusing on the swing phase of walking should consider the impact of prosthesis inertia property estimates on study outcomes. For stance, either one of the two inertial models investigated in our study would likely lead to similar outcomes with an inverse dynamics assessment.

Body segmental inertial properties are required for inverse dynamics modeling. Using an oscillation and reaction board technique, inertial properties of below-knee prostheses were measured. Using direct measures of prosthesis inertia in the inverse dynamics model of the prosthetic leg resulted in lower magnitudes of resultant joint forces and moments.

对于膝下义肢的估算惯性振荡性质与反应板技术

The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) demonstrate a technique that can be used to directly estimate the inertial properties of a below-knee ...

生物工程

Using a Virtual Reality Walking Simulator to Investigate Pedestrian Behavior

To cross a road successfully, individuals must coordinate their movements with moving vehicles. This paper describes use of a walking simulator in which people walk on a treadmill to intercept gaps between two moving vehicles in an immersive virtual environment. Virtual reality allows for a safe and ecologically varied investigation of gap crossing behavior. Manipulating the initial starting distance can further the understanding of a participant&#8217;s speed regulation while approaching a gap. The speed profile may be assessed for various gap crossing variables, such as initial distance, vehicle size, and gap size. Each walking simulation results in a position/time series that can inform how velocity is adjusted differently depending on the gap characteristics. This methodology can be used by researchers investigating pedestrian behavior and behavioral dynamics while employing human participants in a safe and realistic setting.

This protocol describes use of a walking simulator that serves as a safe and ecologically valid method to study pedestrian behavior in the presence of moving traffic.

使用虚拟现实步行模拟器调查行人行为

To cross a road successfully, individuals must coordinate their movements with moving vehicles. This paper describes use of a walking simulator in which ...

Tactile Vibrating Toolkit and Driving Simulation Platform for Driving-Related Research

Collision warning system plays a key role in the prevention of driving distractions and drowsy driving. Previous studies have proven the advantages of tactile warnings in reducing driver&#8217;s brake response time. At the same time, tactile warnings have been proved effective in take-over request (TOR) for partially autonomous vehicles.
How the performance of tactile warnings can be optimized is an ongoing hot research topic in this field. Thus, the presented low-cost driving simulation software and methods are introduced to attract more researchers to take part in the investigation. The presented protocol has been divided into five sections: 1) participants, 2) driving simulation software configuration, 3) driving simulator preparation, 4) vibrating toolkit configuration and preparation, and 5) conducting the experiment.
In the exemplar study, participants wore the tactile vibrating toolkit and performed an established car-following task using the customized driving simulation software. The front vehicle braked intermittently, and vibrating warnings were delivered whenever the front vehicle was braking. Participants were instructed to respond as quickly as possible to the sudden brakes of the front vehicle. Driving dynamics, such as the brake response time and brake response rate, were recorded by the simulation software for data analysis.
The presented protocol offers insight into the exploration of the effectiveness of tactile warnings on different body locations. In addition to the car-following task that is demonstrated in the exemplar experiment, this protocol also provides options&#160;to apply other paradigms to the driving simulation studies by making simple software configuration without any code development. However, it is important to note that due to its affordable price, the driving simulation software and hardware introduced here may not be able to fully compete with other high-fidelity commercial driving simulators. Nevertheless, this protocol can act as an affordable and user-friendly alternative to the general high-fidelity commercial driving simulators.

This protocol describes a driving simulation platform and a tactile vibrating toolkit for the investigation of driving-related research. An exemplar experiment exploring the effectiveness of tactile warnings is also presented.&#160;

触觉振动工具包和驾驶模拟平台，用于驾驶相关研究

Collision warning system plays a key role in the prevention of driving distractions and drowsy driving. Previous studies have proven the advantages of ...

A Method for Evaluating Timeliness and Accuracy of Volitional Motor Responses to Vibrotactile Stimuli

Artificial sensory feedback (ASF) systems can be used to compensate for lost proprioception in individuals with lower-limb impairments. Effective design of these ASF systems requires an in-depth understanding of how the parameters of specific feedback mechanism affect user perception and reaction to stimuli. This article presents a method for applying vibrotactile stimuli to human participants and measuring their response. Rotating mass vibratory motors are placed at pre-defined locations on the participant's thigh, and controlled through custom hardware and software. The speed and accuracy of participants' volitional responses to vibrotactile stimuli are measured for researcher-specified combinations of motor placement and vibration frequency. While the protocol described here uses push-buttons to collect a simple binary response to the vibrotactile stimuli, the technique can be extended to other response mechanisms using inertial measurement units or pressure sensors to measure joint angle and weight bearing ratios, respectively. Similarly, the application of vibrotactile stimuli can be explored for body segments other than the thigh.

This article describes a technique for applying vibrotactile stimuli to the thigh of a human participant, and measuring the accuracy and reaction time of the participant&#39;s volitional response for various combinations of stimulation location and frequency.

一种意志的运动反应的及时性和准确性，以振动触觉刺激评价方法

Artificial sensory feedback (ASF) systems can be used to compensate for lost proprioception in individuals with lower-limb impairments.  Effective design ...

Estimating Vestibular Perceptual Thresholds Using a Six-Degree-Of-Freedom Motion Platform

Vestibular perceptual thresholds refer to the motion intensity required to enable a participant to detect or discriminate a motion based on vestibular input. Using passive motion profiles provided by six degree-of-motion platforms, vestibular perceptual thresholds can be estimated for any kind of motion and thereby target each of the sub-components of the vestibular end-organ. Assessments of vestibular thresholds are clinically relevant as they complement diagnostic tools such as caloric irrigation, the head impulse test (HIT), or vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), which only provide information on sub-components of the vestibular system, but none of them allow for assessing all components. There are several methods with different advantages and disadvantages for estimating vestibular perceptual thresholds. In this article, we present a protocol using an adaptive staircase algorithm and sinusoidal motion profiles for an efficient estimation procedure. Adaptive staircase algorithms consider the response history to determine the peak velocity of the next stimuli and are the most commonly used algorithms in the vestibular domain. We further discuss the impact of motion frequency on vestibular perceptual thresholds.

In this article, we describe the methods, procedures, and technologies required to estimate vestibular perceptual thresholds using a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform.

使用六自由度运动平台估计前庭知觉阈值

Vestibular perceptual thresholds refer to the motion intensity required to enable a participant to detect or discriminate a motion based on vestibular ...

用于识别混凝土振动状态的定向梯度直方图和 SVM

Image Recognition and Parameter Analysis of Concrete Vibration State Based on Support Vector Machine

In this paper, the directional gradient histogram technology is employed to extract the features of concrete image samples captured under different vibration states. The support vector machine (SVM) is utilized to learn the relationship between image features and vibration state. The machine learning results are subsequently used to assess the feasibility of the concrete vibration state. Simultaneously, the influence mechanism of the calculation parameters of the directional gradient histogram on the recognition accuracy is analyzed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using the directional gradient histogram-SVM technology to identify the vibration state of concrete. The recognition accuracy initially increases and then decreases as the block size of the directional gradient, or the number of statistical intervals increases. The recognition accuracy also decreases linearly with the increase of the binarization threshold. By using sample images with a resolution of 1024 pixels x 1024 pixels and optimizing the feature extraction parameters, a recognition accuracy of 100% can be attained.

作者聚焦:使用定向梯度直方图技术和支持向量机进行高效图像识别 

The protocol described in this paper utilizes the directional gradient histogram technique to extract the characteristics of concrete image samples under various vibration states. It employs a support vector machine for machine learning, resulting in an image recognition method with minimal training sample requirements and low computer performance demands.

基于支撑矢量机的混凝土振动状态图像识别与参数分析

In this paper, the directional gradient histogram technology is employed to extract the features of concrete image samples captured under different ...

工程学

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Bone stress injuries are common in sports and military trainings. Repetitive large ground impact forces during training could be the cause. It is essential to determine the effect of high ground impact forces on lower-body bone deformation to better understand the mechanisms of bone stress injuries. Conventional strain gauge measurement has been used to study in vivo tibia deformation. This method is associated with limitations including invasiveness of the procedure, involvement of few human subjects, and limited strain data from small bone surface areas. The current study intends to introduce a novel approach to study tibia bone strain under high impact loading conditions. A subject-specific musculoskeletal model was created to represent a healthy male (19 years, 80 kg, 1,800 mm). A flexible finite element tibia model was created based on a computed tomography (CT) scan of the subject&#39;s right tibia. Laboratory motion capture was performed to obtain kinematics and ground reaction forces of drop-landings from different heights (26, 39, 52 cm). Multibody dynamic computer simulations combined with a modal analysis of the flexible tibia were performed to quantify tibia strain during drop-landings. Calculated tibia strain data were in good agreement with previous in vivo studies. It is evident that this non-invasive approach can be applied to study tibia bone strain during high impact activities for a large cohort, which will lead to a better understanding of injury mechanism of tibia stress fractures.

During landing, lower-body bones experience large mechanical loads and are deformed. It is essential to measure bone deformation to better understand the mechanisms of bone stress injuries associated with impacts. A novel approach integrating subject-specific musculoskeletal modeling and finite element analysis is used to measure tibial strain during dynamic movements.

基于该特征场行人行为人类引起的振动模拟

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此视频中的章节

坐姿到站姿和步行距离120％膝盖高度:新方法来评估铅肢体的动态姿势控制独立

对于膝下义肢的估算惯性振荡性质与反应板技术

使用虚拟现实步行模拟器调查行人行为

触觉振动工具包和驾驶模拟平台，用于驾驶相关研究

一种意志的运动反应的及时性和准确性，以振动触觉刺激评价方法

使用六自由度运动平台估计前庭知觉阈值

基于支撑矢量机的混凝土振动状态图像识别与参数分析

基于支撑矢量机的混凝土振动状态图像识别与参数分析

基于支撑矢量机的混凝土振动状态图像识别与参数分析

动态运动过程中骨应变的学科特异性肌肉模型研究