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Live Imaging of the Ependymal Cilia in the Lateral Ventricles of the Mouse Brain

Multiciliated ependymal cells line the ventricles in the adult brain. Abnormal function or structure of ependymal cilia is associated with various ...

University of Michigan

A simple composite cavity structure Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped fiber laser was proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The resonant cavity consists of a pair of uniform fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and a Ï€-phase shifted FBG. By introducing the Ï€-phase shifted FBG into the cavity as the selective wavelength component, it can increase the effective length of the laser cavity and suppress the multi-longitudinal modes simultaneously. The narrow linewidth of 900Hz and low RIN of -95dB/Hz were obtained. And the lasing wavelength was rather stable with the pump power changing. The SMRS was more than 67dB. The results show that the proposed fiber laser has a good performance and considerable potential application for fiber sensor and optical communication.

Research on a novel composite structure Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped DBR fiber laser with a Ï€-phase shifted FBG.

Ependymal cells are multiciliated epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the adult brain. Abnormal function or structure of ependymal cilia has been associated with various neurological deficits. For the first time, we report three distinct ependymal cell types, I, II, and III, based on their unique ciliary beating frequency and beating angle. These ependymal cells have specific localizations within the third ventricle of the mouse brain. Furthermore, neither ependymal cell types nor their localizations are altered by aging. Our high-speed fluorescence imaging analysis reveals that these ependymal cells have an intracellular pacing calcium oscillation property. Our study further shows that alcohol can significantly repress the amplitude of calcium oscillation and the frequency of ciliary beating, resulting in an overall decrease in volume replacement by the cilia. Furthermore, the pharmacological agent cilostazol could differentially increase cilia beating frequency in type II, but not in type I or type III, ependymal cells. In summary, we provide the first evidence of three distinct types of ependymal cells with calcium oscillation properties.

Three types of ependymal cells with intracellular calcium oscillation are characterized by distinct cilia beating properties.

A novel active fiber loop ring-down gas sensor combined with dual wavelengths differential absorption method is proposed. Two Distributed Feedback Laser Diodes (DFB LDs) with different wavelengths are employed. One LD whose wavelength covered with the absorption line of target gas is used for sensing. Another LD whose wavelength is centered outside the absorption line is used for reference. The gas absorption loss can be obtained by differencing the reference signal and sensing signal. Compared with traditional method of one wavelength employed, it can eliminate the influence of the cavity loss variety and photoelectric device drift in the system efficiently. An Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) is used to compensate the loss of the light in the ring-down cavity, which will increase the cavity round trips and improve the precision of gas detection. And two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are employed to get rid of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum noise as filters. The calibrating ethyne samples of different concentrations are measured with a 65 mm long gas cell in order to evaluate the effect of reference. The results show the relative deviation is found to be less than ± 0.4% of 0.1% ethyne when a certain additional loss from 0 to 1.2dB is introduced to the cavity and the relative deviation of measured concentration is less than ± 0.5% over 24 hours.

Novel gas sensor combined active fiber loop ring-down and dual wavelengths differential absorption method.

To determine the performance of HR-HPV E6/E7 massager RNA (mRNA) test for detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in cervical cancer screening and compare the clinical performance of HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA test with HC-2 and Cervista HPV DNA tests for cross-sectional positivity in women with and without cervical neoplasia.

Tongyu Liu

Life Sciences Institute

University of Michigan

Live Imaging of the Ependymal Cilia in the Lateral Ventricles of the Mouse Brain

Tongyu Liu

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Life Sciences Institute

University of Michigan

Live Imaging of the Ependymal Cilia in the Lateral Ventricles of the Mouse Brain

Life Sciences Institute