Peter Setlow

The products of the spoVA operon are involved in dipicolinic acid uptake into developing spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Killing of spores of Bacillus subtilis by peroxynitrite appears to be caused by membrane damage.

Localization of the cortex lytic enzyme CwlJ in spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Structure and mechanism of action of a cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase homolog from Bacillus stearothermophilus with broad specificity phosphatase activity.

Mechanisms of induction of germination of Bacillus subtilis spores by high pressure.

Base-change mutations induced by various treatments of Bacillus subtilis spores with and without DNA protective small, acid-soluble spore proteins.

Protection of DNA by alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble proteins from Bacillus subtilis spores against cytosine deamination.

PrfA protein of Bacillus species: prediction and demonstration of endonuclease activity on DNA.

Small, acid-soluble proteins as biomarkers in mass spectrometry analysis of Bacillus spores.

UV photochemistry of DNA in vitro and in Bacillus subtilis spores at earth-ambient and low atmospheric pressure: implications for spore survival on other planets or moons in the solar system.

Identification of a new gene essential for germination of Bacillus subtilis spores with Ca2+-dipicolinate.

A soluble protein is immobile in dormant spores of Bacillus subtilis but is mobile in germinated spores: implications for spore dormancy.

Effects of overexpression of nutrient receptors on germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Effects of carboxy-terminal modifications and pH on binding of a Bacillus subtilis small, acid-soluble spore protein to DNA.

Identification of aryl-phospho-beta-D-glucosidases in Bacillus subtilis.

Spore germination.

Killing of Bacillus subtilis spores by a modified Fenton reagent containing CuCl2 and ascorbic acid.

Gene expression in Bacillus subtilis surface biofilms with and without sporulation and the importance of yveR for biofilm maintenance.

Effects of a gerF (lgt) mutation on the germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Lipids in the inner membrane of dormant spores of Bacillus species are largely immobile.

Structure of the DNA-SspC complex: implications for DNA packaging, protection, and repair in bacterial spores.

Differential gene expression to investigate the effect of (5Z)-4-bromo- 5-(bromomethylene)-3-butyl-2(5H)-furanone on Bacillus subtilis.

Transglutaminase-mediated cross-linking of GerQ in the coats of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Analysis of the germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis with temperature sensitive spo mutations in the spoVA operon.

Effects of the binding of alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins on the photochemistry of DNA in spores of Bacillus subtilis and in vitro.

The solar UV environment and bacterial spore UV resistance: considerations for Earth-to-Mars transport by natural processes and human spaceflight.

Interaction between individual protein components of the GerA and GerB nutrient receptors that trigger germination of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Photosensitization of DNA by dipicolinic acid, a major component of spores of Bacillus species.

Localization of SpoVAD to the inner membrane of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Site-directed mutagenesis and structural studies suggest that the germination protease, GPR, in spores of Bacillus species is an atypical aspartic acid protease.

Factors influencing germination of Bacillus subtilis spores via activation of nutrient receptors by high pressure.

Role of the Nfo (YqfS) and ExoA apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases in protecting Bacillus subtilis spores from DNA damage.

Cooperativity between different nutrient receptors in germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis and reduction of this cooperativity by alterations in the GerB receptor.

The Bacillus subtilis spore coat provides "eat resistance" during phagocytic predation by the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila.

The forespore line of gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.

YtkD and MutT protect vegetative cells but not spores of Bacillus subtilis from oxidative stress.

Levels of glycine betaine in growing cells and spores of Bacillus species and lack of effect of glycine betaine on dormant spore resistance.

Role of dipicolinic acid in resistance and stability of spores of Bacillus subtilis with or without DNA-protective alpha/beta-type small acid-soluble proteins.

Transcription of the Bacillus subtilis gerK operon, which encodes a spore germinant receptor, and comparison with that of operons encoding other germinant receptors.

Investigating the role of small, acid-soluble spore proteins (SASPs) in the resistance of Clostridium perfringens spores to heat.

The synthesis and role of the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance in growth and differentiation of Bacillus subtilis.

Localization of the transglutaminase cross-linking sites in the Bacillus subtilis spore coat protein GerQ.

Structure and molecular mechanism of Bacillus anthracis cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase: a crucial enzyme for spores and growing cells of Bacillus species.

Role of GerD in germination of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Role of SpoVA proteins in release of dipicolinic acid during germination of Bacillus subtilis spores triggered by dodecylamine or lysozyme.

Antisense-RNA-mediated decreased synthesis of small, acid-soluble spore proteins leads to decreased resistance of clostridium perfringens spores to moist heat and UV radiation.

I will survive: DNA protection in bacterial spores.

Levels of Ca2+-dipicolinic acid in individual bacillus spores determined using microfluidic Raman tweezers.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the complex between a Bacillus subtilis alpha/beta-type small acid-soluble spore protein and DNA.

Structure, flexibility, and mechanism of the Bacillus stearothermophilus RecU Holliday junction resolvase.

Analysis of interactions between nutrient germinant receptors and SpoVA proteins of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Growth, osmotic downshock resistance and differentiation of Bacillus subtilis strains lacking mechanosensitive channels.

Characterization of amorphous solids with weak glass transitions using high ramp rate differential scanning calorimetry.

Effect of a small, acid-soluble spore protein from Clostridium perfringens on the resistance properties of Bacillus subtilis spores.

How moist heat kills spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Roles of the major, small, acid-soluble spore proteins and spore-specific and universal DNA repair mechanisms in resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to ionizing radiation from X rays and high-energy charged-particle bombardment.

Clostridium perfringens spore germination: characterization of germinants and their receptors.

Role of the Nfo and ExoA apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases in repair of DNA damage during outgrowth of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Structure of a protein-DNA complex essential for DNA protection in spores of Bacillus species.

Roles of DacB and spm proteins in clostridium perfringens spore resistance to moist heat, chemicals, and UV radiation.

Role of dipicolinic acid in the germination, stability, and viability of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Characterization of Clostridium perfringens spores that lack SpoVA proteins and dipicolinic acid.

Release of small molecules during germination of spores of Bacillus Species.

Localization of the germination protein GerD to the inner membrane in Bacillus subtilis spores.

Germination of spores of Clostridium difficile strains, including isolates from a hospital outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD).

Protozoal digestion of coat-defective Bacillus subtilis spores produces "rinds" composed of insoluble coat protein.

Sampling and quantitative analysis of clean B. subtilis spores at sub-monolayer coverage by reflectance fourier transform infrared microscopy using gold-coated filter substrates.

Characterization of spores of Bacillus subtilis that lack most coat layers.

Dormant spores receive an unexpected wake-up call.

Isolation and characterization of superdormant spores of Bacillus species.

SleC is essential for cortex peptidoglycan hydrolysis during germination of spores of the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium perfringens.

Levels and localization of mechanosensitive channel proteins in Bacillus subtilis.

Role of GerKB in germination and outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores.

GerO, a putative Na+/H+-K+ antiporter, is essential for normal germination of spores of the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium perfringens.

Elastic and inelastic light scattering from single bacterial spores in an optical trap allows the monitoring of spore germination dynamics.

Roles of small, acid-soluble spore proteins and core water content in survival of Bacillus subtilis spores exposed to environmental solar UV radiation.

Superdormant spores of Bacillus species have elevated wet-heat resistance and temperature requirements for heat activation.

The protease CspB is essential for initiation of cortex hydrolysis and dipicolinic acid (DPA) release during germination of spores of Clostridium perfringens type A food poisoning isolates.

Workshop report: modeling the molecular mechanism of bacterial spore germination and elucidating reasons for germination heterogeneity.

Characterization of single heat-activated Bacillus spores using laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy.

Structural and genetic analysis of X-ray scattering by spores of Bacillus subtilis.

The physical state of water in bacterial spores.

Effects of forespore-specific overexpression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease Nfo on the DNA-damage resistance properties of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Superdormant spores of bacillus species germinate normally with high pressure, peptidoglycan fragments, and bryostatin.

Characterization of wet-heat inactivation of single spores of bacillus species by dual-trap Raman spectroscopy and elastic light scattering.

Characterization of bacterial spore germination using integrated phase contrast microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and optical tweezers.

Studies of the commitment step in the germination of spores of bacillus species.

Factors affecting variability in time between addition of nutrient germinants and rapid dipicolinic acid release during germination of spores of Bacillus species.

Crystal structure of the GerBC component of a Bacillus subtilis spore germinant receptor.

Monitoring the kinetics of uptake of a nucleic acid dye during the germination of single spores of Bacillus species.

Multiple-trap laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy for simultaneous monitoring of the biological dynamics of multiple individual cells.

Combination of Raman tweezers and quantitative differential interference contrast microscopy for measurement of dynamics and heterogeneity during the germination of individual bacterial spores.

Effects of Mn and Fe levels on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance and effects of Mn2+, other divalent cations, orthophosphate, and dipicolinic acid on protein resistance to ionizing radiation.

Germination of spores of Bacillales and Clostridiales species: mechanisms and proteins involved.

Extremely variable conservation of γ-type small, acid-soluble proteins from spores of some species in the bacterial order Bacillales.

Germination of individual Bacillus subtilis spores with alterations in the GerD and SpoVA proteins, which are important in spore germination.

Kinetics of germination of wet-heat-treated individual spores of Bacillus species, monitored by Raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy.

Role of the Nfo and ExoA apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases in radiation resistance and radiation-induced mutagenesis of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Characterization of bacterial spore germination using phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and optical tweezers.

Monitoring the wet-heat inactivation dynamics of single spores of Bacillus species by using Raman tweezers, differential interference contrast microscopy, and nucleic acid dye fluorescence microscopy.

Quantitative analysis of spatial-temporal correlations during germination of spores of Bacillus Species.

Efficient inhibition of germination of coat-deficient bacterial spores by multivalent metal cations, including terbium (Tb³+).

Structure-based functional studies of the effects of amino acid substitutions in GerBC, the C subunit of the Bacillus subtilis GerB spore germinant receptor.

Germination proteins in the inner membrane of dormant Bacillus subtilis spores colocalize in a discrete cluster.

Synergism between different germinant receptors in the germination of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Maturation of released spores is necessary for acquisition of full spore heat resistance during Bacillus subtilis sporulation.

Roles of endonuclease V, uracil-DNA glycosylase, and mismatch repair in Bacillus subtilis DNA base-deamination-induced mutagenesis.

Effects of cortex peptidoglycan structure and cortex hydrolysis on the kinetics of Ca(2+)-dipicolinic acid release during Bacillus subtilis spore germination.

Multifocus confocal Raman microspectroscopy for rapid single-particle analysis.

Dynamics of the assembly of a complex macromolecular structure--the coat of spores of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis.

Effects of sporulation conditions on the germination and germination protein levels of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Role of a SpoVA protein in dipicolinic acid uptake into developing spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Levels of germination proteins in dormant and superdormant spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Germination protein levels and rates of germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis with overexpressed or deleted genes encoding germination proteins.

Effects of the SpoVT regulatory protein on the germination and germination protein levels of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the Bacillus cereus SleB protein, important in cortex peptidoglycan degradation during spore germination.

Analysis of the Raman spectra of Ca(2+)-dipicolinic acid alone and in the bacterial spore core in both aqueous and dehydrated environments.

Analysis of the effects of a gerP mutation on the germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Alternative excision repair of ultraviolet B- and C-induced DNA damage in dormant and developing spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Topology and accessibility of germination proteins in the Bacillus subtilis spore inner membrane.

Expression level of Bacillus subtilis germinant receptors determines the average rate but not the heterogeneity of spore germination.

Activity and regulation of various forms of CwlJ, SleB, and YpeB proteins in degrading cortex peptidoglycan of spores of Bacillus species in vitro and during spore germination.

Identification of new proteins that modulate the germination of spores of bacillus species.

A novel RNA polymerase-binding protein controlling genes involved in spore germination in Bacillus subtilis.

Numbers of individual nutrient germinant receptors and other germination proteins in spores of Bacillus subtilis.

Direct analysis of water content and movement in single dormant bacterial spores using confocal Raman microspectroscopy and Raman imaging.

Observation of the dynamic germination of single bacterial spores using rapid Raman imaging.

A conserved ClpP-like protease involved in spore outgrowth in Bacillus subtilis.

The Clostridium perfringens germinant receptor protein GerKC is located in the spore inner membrane and is crucial for spore germination.

Kinetics of germination of individual spores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus as measured by raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy.

Resistance of Bacillus subtilis spore DNA to lethal ionizing radiation damage relies primarily on spore core components and DNA repair, with minor effects of oxygen radical detoxification.

Monitoring rates and heterogeneity of high-pressure germination of bacillus spores by phase-contrast microscopy of individual spores.

Mobility of core water in Bacillus subtilis spores by 2H NMR.

Interaction of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases Nfo and ExoA with the DNA integrity scanning protein DisA in the processing of oxidative DNA damage during Bacillus subtilis spore outgrowth.

High salinity alters the germination behavior of Bacillus subtilis spores with nutrient and nonnutrient germinants.

Germination of spores of Bacillus species: what we know and do not know.

Structural and functional analysis of the GerD spore germination protein of Bacillus species.

Analysis of the loss in heat and acid resistance during germination of spores of Bacillus species.

Function of the SpoVAEa and SpoVAF proteins of Bacillus subtilis spores.

Monitoring of Commitment, Blocking, and Continuation of Nutrient Germination of Individual Bacillus subtilis Spores.

High precision fitting measurements of the kinetics of size changes during germination of individual Bacillus spores.

Water and Small-Molecule Permeation of Dormant Bacillus subtilis Spores.

Analysis of killing of growing cells and dormant and germinated spores of Bacillus species by black silicon nanopillars.

Analysis of the mRNAs in Spores of Bacillus subtilis.