Before plunge freezing the electron microscopy grids containing the cells, inspect the grids under an inverted optical microscope. Record the cell densities on each grid to adjust blotting times during plunge freezing. Warm two to three milliliters of phosphate buffered saline or PBS in an empty plate at 37 degrees Celsius.
For gold fiducials preparation, pipette 50 microliters of 10 nanometer colloidal gold bead solution into a clean 1.5 milliliter tube. Add two microliters of bovine serum albumin to it and homogenized by micro pipetting repeatedly. Centrifuge the tube at 15, 000 to 20, 000 G for 15 minutes.
Carefully remove the supernatant without disturbing the pellet using a micro pipette. Re-suspend the pellet in 50 microliters of PBS and centrifuge the tube again, as previously demonstrated. Aspirate four microliters of the pellet using a 10 microliter tip and transfer it to a clean 1.5 milliliter tube.
Set up the environmental chamber at 95%humidity and 30 degrees Celsius. Using five by 15 tweezers, select a grid and wash it with PBS. Transfer the washed grid to plunging tweezers.
Once the grid is secured, remove the five by 15 tweezers and slide the clamp on the plunging tweezers. Insert the grid into the plunge freezer while keeping the clamp secure. Add one microliter of gold fiducials to the backside of the grid.
Then add two to three microliters of PBS to the carbon side of the grid. Utilize automated blotting to blot the backside of the grid before plunge freezing into liquid ethane. A cryo correlative light and electron microscopy image of transfected U2OS cells revealed the presence of HIV producing cells.
An electron cryo tomography image showed multiple HIV particles budding from the plasma membrane of U2OS cells.
