Name: characterization of the isolated, ventilated, and instrumented mouse lung perfused with pulsatile flow
Uploaded: 2011-04-29T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Characterization of the Isolated, Ventilated, and Instrumented Mouse Lung Perfused with Pulsatile Flow at JoVE.com

This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01HL086939 (NCC).

In this protocol we demonstrate an isolated, ventilated, perfused mouse lung preparation that has previously been used to quantify the impact of pulmonary emboli and chronic hypoxia on pulsatile pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships (Tuchscherer, Webster, &amp; Chesler, 2006; Tuchscherer et al., 2007). In brief, the mouse lungs are surgically isolated from surrounding tissues, placed in a heated chamber (IL-1; Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA) and ventilated (Ventilatory Control Module (VCM)-R with timer counter...

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Critical steps in the surgery
It is critical that care is taken when cutting the rib cage away from the lungs. The lungs must be fully exposed and uninhibited by surrounding tissues during inflation but not damaged during the process of isolation. The use of a flat object like the back end of the forceps can be used to hold the lungs away from the chest wall so that there is a clear path for scissors to cut. Another critical step is the placement of the suture around the pulmonary artery and the...

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		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>1 ml syringe</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Sci</td>
<td>14-829-10F</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>10 ml syringe</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Sci</td>
<td>14-823-2A </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>60 ml syringe</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Sci</td>
<td>13-689-8 </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>RPMI with GLN 6/PK</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Sci</td>
<td>MT10040CV </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Bottle Top Filters</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fisher Sci</td>
<td>09-761-57</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Ficoll PM 70</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>F2878-100g</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Heparin</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Y27632</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>Y0503</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Angled Ball Iris scissors</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>14109-09</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Vannas Spring Scissors - 4mm Blades</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>15018-10</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Fine Iris Scissors - straight</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>14106-09</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dumont #5/45 Forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>11251-35</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dumont Medical Biology Forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
<td>11254-20</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Lauda E100 ECO-line 003 </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>VWR</td>
<td>Comparable to Lauda-Brinkmann E-103, 62400-922</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>IL-1 Isolated perfused mouse lung system </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Harvard Apparatus </td>
<td>739904 </td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Blood Pressure Transducer P75 for PLUGSYS Module</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
<td>730020</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>TS410 Flow Modules</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Transonic </td>
<td>TS410</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>ME 4 PXN Precision PXN Inline Flowsensors</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Transonic</td>
<td>ME 4 PXN</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Cole-Parmer Multi-Syringe Pumps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Cole-Parmer </td>
<td>EW-74900-20</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Nembutal 50MG/ML 20ML Vial</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Amatheon</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
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characterization of the isolated, ventilated, and instrumented mouse lung perfused with pulsatile flow

The isolated, ventilated and instrumented mouse lung preparation allows steady and pulsatile pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships to be measured with independent control over pulmonary arterial flow rate, flow rate waveform, airway pressure and left atrial pressure. Pulmonary vascular resistance is calculated based on multi-point, steady pressure-flow curves; pulmonary vascular impedance is calculated from pulsatile pressure-flow curves obtained at a range of frequencies. As now recognized clinically, impedance is a superior measure of right ventricular afterload than resistance because it includes the effects of vascular compliance, which are not negligible, especially in the pulmonary circulation. Three important metrics of impedance - the zero hertz impedance Z0, the characteristic impedance ZC, and the index of wave reflection RW - provide insight into distal arterial cross-sectional area available for flow, proximal arterial stiffness and the upstream-downstream impedance mismatch, respectively. All results obtained in isolated, ventilated and perfused lungs are independent of sympathetic nervous system tone, volume status and the effects of anesthesia. We have used this technique to quantify the impact of pulmonary emboli and chronic hypoxia on resistance and impedance, and to differentiate between sites of action (i.e., proximal vs. distal) of vasoactive agents and disease using the pressure dependency of ZC. Furthermore, when these techniques are used with the lungs of genetically engineered strains of mice, the effects of molecular-level defects on pulmonary vascular structure and function can be determined.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Characterization of the Isolated, Ventilated, and Instrumented Mouse Lung Perfused with Pulsatile Flow at JoVE.com

Characterization of the Isolated, Ventilated, and Instrumented Mouse Lung Perfused with Pulsatile Flow

The following protocol outlines the process of isolating, ventilating and instrumenting mouse lungs to measure steady or pulsatile pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships in order to quantify the effects of blood flow, airflow, airway changes and vascular changes on right ventricular afterload.

The isolated, ventilated and instrumented mouse lung preparation allows steady and pulsatile pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships to be measured ...

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