א להפיץ את הנגיף בקו C6/36 התא. <ol style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> תאים לגדול ל -80% confluency בבקבוק 75 ס&quot;מ 2; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הסר את התקשורת עם 3-4 מ&quot;ל הנותרים הבקבוק; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> קח 0.5 מניות וירוס מ&quot;ל ולהוסיף לתוך התא מעל עם ריבוי של 1.5 זיהום חלקיקי הנגיף לכל תא. טלטול את הבקבוק במשך 15 דקות לאט בטמפרטורת החדר. </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> דגירה במשך 45 דקות ב 5% CO 2 ו - 37 ° C </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הוסף מדיה 30 מ&quot;ל, ו דגירה במשך 5 ימים. </li></ol> ב הכינו תערובת של הנגיף בדם <ol style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> ניתוק התא עם מגרד ולהעביר את תא התקשורת של 50 צינורות חרוטי מ&quot;ל; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> Centrifugate ב 800g במשך 10 דקות, לאסוף את supernatant, אבל להשאיר 1ml של supernatant עם תא גלולה; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> להקפיא את התא גלולה לעיל CO 2 יבש ולאחר מכן להפשיר בתוך 37 ° C אמבט מים, חזרו פעמיים עד שלוש פעמים; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> Centrifugate ב 800g במשך 10 דקות, לקחת את supernatant, ולשלב עם supernatant שנאספו בשלב 3; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> איסוף דם אדם שלם עם הליך זהה (שלב 3) להכנת תרבות gametocyte להדביק יתוש האנופלס עם Plasmodium falciparum; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> מערבבים כמות שווה של דם מעל האנושי כולו עם supernatant הנגיף בשלב 4, ולהוסיף בסרום אדם (10% של נפח כולו). </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> דגירה את התערובת מעל דם האדם וירוס דנגה במשך 30 דקות ב 37 מעלות צלזיוס באמבט מים </li></ol> ג יתושים האכלה הליך זה כמעט זהה מה תוארו בסעיף לטיפול בדלקות Plasmodium falciparum של יתושים. אנו assay את הזיהום midgut ביום 7, ואת זיהום הרוק ביום 14 לאחר האכלה דם. כל החומר בא במגע עם הנגיף מטופלים הראשון עם אתנול 75% ולאחר מכן עם אקונומיקה 10%. ד Assay כייל הנגיף ברקמות יתושים <ol style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> יומיים או שלושה לפני דיסקציה של רקמת יתושים, לגדול C6/36 תא צלחת 24 גם כך התא להגיע 80% confluency על היום שבו assay מתנהל; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> יתושים מורדמים ב 4 ° C, הקריבו פני השטח סטרילי ידי טבילתם אתנול 75% למשך דקה 1. אז יתושים נשטפו עם מים סטריליים פעמיים לפני דיסקציה של בלוטת הרוק midgut או מתחת למיקרוסקופ לנתח. מ בשלב זה, את כל ההליך בהמשך צריך להתנהל בסביבה סטרילית כגון ארון בטיחות ביולוגית. רקמות אלו מועברים צינור המכיל 150 μl התקשורת, ומעורים עם גלולה Kontes העלי מנוע עבור 90 שניות; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> ביצוע דילול 1:100 ידי הוספת 10 μl של homogenate לתוך 990 μl התקשורת; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> בצע עוד 1: 10, 1:100 ו 1:1000 דילול עם המדיום בצלחת 96 היטב; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הסר את המדיה צלחת 24 היטב, ולהוסיף 100 μl של כל אחד מארבעת דילולים לעיל גם בכל המקביל; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> לנער את הצלחת לאט במשך 15 דקות בטמפרטורת החדר, ואז דגירה של 5% במשך 45 דקות CO 2 ו - 37 ° C; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הוסף 1ml של methycellulose כיסוי (1%) זה טוב; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> דגירה צלחות ב 37 ° C עם 5% CO 2 למשך 5 ימים; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> השלבים מכאן והלאה לא דורשים סביבה סטרילית אך כמו כל טיפול אחר הפתוגן צריך להילקח בכל עת. מחק כיסוי methycellulose מהצלחת כל כתם כדי להסיר עודפי התקשורת </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הוסף 1ml של מקבע מתנול / אצטון (1:1) היטב כל אחד. שמור על 4 מעלות צלזיוס במשך 1 שעה; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> יוצקים את מקבע, ולשטוף פעם עם 1X PBS; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> בצע 1:1000 דילול כדי הנוגדן העיקרי נגד הנגיף עם שיכור סחוט 5%; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הוסף 200 μl של נוזל hyperimmune בדילול זה גם C, דגירה על 37 מעלות במשך שעה 1; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הסרת נוזל hyperimmune צלחת לשטוף עם 1 X PBS </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הכן דילול של 1:1000 המצומד עז אנטי עכבר (חתול KPL # 074-1806) ב 5% שיכור סחוט (5 גרם חלב דל שומן אבקת ב 100 מ&quot;ל של 1 X PBS), ולאחר מכן להוסיף 200 μl זה היטב, דגירה על 37 מעלות צלזיוס במשך שעה 1; </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הכנת המצע כדלקמן: להוסיף 1 טבלית של terrahydrochloride 3&#39;-Diaminobenzidine (חתול Sigma # D5905) בתוך 20 מ&quot;ל של 1 X PBS, לאחר מומס, ולאחר מכן להוסיף 8 μl של peroxidase מימן 30% </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הוסף 200 μl של המצע הנ&quot;ל גם כל אחד. בואו לעמוד בטמפרטורת החדר למשך 10 דקות </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> הסר המצע ולהפסיק התגובה על ידי הוספת 1ml של מים מזוקקים זה טוב </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> יוצקים מעל צלחות מים כתם להתייבש </li><li style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"> ספירת החלקיקים וירוס </li></ol>

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		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
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<tr>
<td>Incubator</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>with 5% CO2, 37oC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>50 mL conical tubes</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>plastic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>human serum and blood</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>O+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pipette tip</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>for tissue culture </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>pipettman</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Pasteur pipetts</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>glass, sterile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>water bath</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>37C</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>centrifuge</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>parafilm</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>circulating water bath</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>glass membrane feeders</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>with rubber tubing to fit feeders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>mosquito cups</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>75% ethanol</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>10% bleach</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Tissue-culture plates</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>Petri dish</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>glass</td>
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<td>Slides</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
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<td>fine-tip forceps</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>PBS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>1X, sterile</td>
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<tr>
<td>dissecting microscope</td>
<td>Microscope</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>C6/36 cells</td>
<td>cells</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>For virus propagation</td>
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<tr>
<td>C6/36 medium</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>MEM with 10% heat inactivated FBS, 1% L-glutamine and non-essential amino acid and 1% (v/v) Penicillin-Streptomycin.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3&#x2019;-Diaminobenzidine terrahydrochloride</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>D5905</td>
<td>1 tablet in 20 ml of 1 X PBS, dissolve and then add 8 &#181;l of 30% hydrogen peroxidase</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>30% hydrogen peroxidase</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>A. aegypti</td>
<td>Animal</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>mosquito</td>
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protocol for dengue infections in mosquitoes (a. aegypti) and infection phenotype determination

מטרתו של נוהל זה כדי להדביק את היתוש Aedes עם וירוס דנגה בתנאי מעבדה ולבדוק את רמת זיהום דינמי של הווירוס ברקמות יתושים. פרוטוקול זה נמצא בשימוש שגרתי ללימוד יתושים וירוס אינטראקציות, במיוחד עבור זיהוי של גורמים מארח רומן כי הם מסוגלים לקבוע יכולת וקטור. הניסוי כולו צריך להתבצע במעבדה BSL2. בדומה לזיהומים Plasmodium falciparum, בלבוש הולם, כולל כפפות וחלוק מעבדה חייב להיות משוחק בכל עת. לאחר הניסוי, כל החומרים כי בא במגע עם הנגיף צריכים להיות מטופלים עם 75% אתנול ו מולבן לפני שתמשיך עם כביסה רגילה. כל החומרים האחרים צריכים להיות autoclaved לפני השלכת אותם.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Protocol for Dengue Infections in Mosquitoes A. aegypti and Infection Phenotype Determination at JoVE.com

Protocol for Dengue Infections in Mosquitoes A. aegypti and Infection Phenotype Determination

ברגע גן מזוהה עקשן פוטנציאל הווירוס דנגה, זה חייב להיות מוערך על תפקיד זה במניעת זיהומים נגיפיים בתוך היתוש. פרוטוקול זה מדגים כיצד מידת זיהומים דנגה של יתושים יכול להיות assayed. שיטות לגידול את הנגיף בתרבית, האכלה קרום דם יתושים אדם, assaying titers ויראלי midgut היתושים הם הפגינו.

פרוטוקול זיהומים דנגי ב יתושים (א aegypti) ו הפנוטיפ קביעת זיהום

The purpose of this procedure is to infect the Aedes mosquito with dengue virus in a laboratory condition and examine the infection level and dynamic of ...

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Protocol for Dengue Infections in Mosquitoes (A. aegypti) and Infection Phenotype Determination

17.5K Views.  Johns Hopkins University. ברגע גן מזוהה עקשן פוטנציאל הווירוס דנגה, זה חייב להיות מוערך על תפקיד זה במניעת זיהומים נגיפיים בתוך היתוש. פרוטוקול זה מדגים כיצד מידת זיהומים דנגה של יתושים יכול להיות assayed. שיטות לגידול את הנגיף בתרבית, האכלה קרום דם יתושים אדם, assaying titers ויראלי midgut היתושים הם ?...

Video: Protocol for Dengue Infections in Mosquitoes A. aegypti and Infection Phenotype Determination

Microinjection of A. aegypti Embryos to Obtain Transgenic Mosquitoes

In this video, Nijole Jasinskiene demonstrates the methodology employed to generate transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are vectors for dengue fever.  The techniques for correctly preparing microinjection needles, dessicating embryos, and performing microinjection are demonstrated.

In this video, Nijole Jasinskiene demonstrates the methodology employed to generate transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are vectors for dengue fever. The techniques for correctly preparing microinjection needles, dessicating embryos, and performing microinjection are demonstrated.

Microinjection עוברים א aegypti לקבל יתושים טראנסגנטי

In this video, Nijole Jasinskiene demonstrates the methodology employed to generate transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are vectors for dengue ...

Protocol for Plasmodium falciparum Infections in Mosquitoes and Infection Phenotype Determination

Once a gene is identified as potentially refractory for malaria, it must be evaluated for its role in preventing Plasmodium infections within the mosquito.    This protocol illustrates how the extent of plasmodium infections of mosquitoes can be assayed.  The techniques for preparing the gametocyte culture, membrane feeding mosquitoes human blood, and assaying viral titers in the mosquito midgut are demonstrated.

Once a gene is identified as potentially refractory for malaria, it must be evaluated for its role in preventing Plasmodium infections within the mosquito. This protocol illustrates how the extent of plasmodium infections of mosquitoes can be assayed. The techniques for preparing the gametocyte culture, membrane feeding mosquitoes human blood, and assaying viral titers in the mosquito midgut are demonstrated.

פרוטוקול זיהומים Plasmodium falciparum בקביעת הפנוטיפ יתושים זיהום

Once a gene is identified as potentially refractory for malaria, it must be evaluated for its role in preventing Plasmodium infections within the ...

Dissection of Midgut and Salivary Glands from Ae. aegypti Mosquitoes

The mosquito midgut and salivary glands are key entry and exit points for pathogens such as Plasmodium parasites and Dengue viruses. This video protocol demonstrates dissection techniques for removal of the midgut and salivary glands from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. 



The mosquito midgut and salivary glands are key entry and exit points for vector pathogens like Plasmodium falciparum and the dengue virus. This video demonstrates the dissection techniques for removing the midgut and salivary glands from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Dissection של בלוטות הרוק midgut ו מ AE. aegypti יתושים

The mosquito midgut and salivary glands are key entry and exit points for pathogens such as Plasmodium parasites and Dengue viruses. This video protocol ...

Protocol for RNAi Assays in Adult Mosquitoes (A. gambiae)

Reverse genetic approaches have proven extremely useful for determining  which genes underly resistance to vector pathogens in mosquitoes.  This video protocol illustrates a method used by the Dimopoulos lab to inject dsRNA into Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, which harbor the malaria parasite.  The technique manipulating the injection setup and injecting dsRNA into the thorax is illustrated.

Protocol for RNAi Assays in Adult Mosquitoes A. gambiae

Reverse genetic approaches have proven extremely useful for determining which genes underly resistance to vector pathogens in mosquitoes. This video protocol illustrates a method used by the Dimopoulos lab to inject dsRNA into Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, which harbor the malaria parasite. The technique manipulating the injection setup and injecting dsRNA into the thorax is illustrated.

פרוטוקול מבחני RNAi ב למבוגרים יתושים (א gambiae)

Reverse genetic approaches have proven extremely useful for determining  which genes underly resistance to vector pathogens in mosquitoes.  This video ...

Preventing the Spread of Malaria and Dengue Fever Using Genetically Modified Mosquitoes

In this candid interview, Anthony A. James explains how mosquito genetics can be exploited to control malaria and dengue transmission.   Population replacement strategy, the idea that transgenic mosquitoes can be released into the wild to control disease transmission, is introduced, as well as the concept of genetic drive and the design criterion for an effective genetic drive system. The ethical considerations of releasing genetically-modified organisms into the wild are also discussed.

In this candid interview, Anthony A. James explains how mosquito genetics can be exploited to control malaria and dengue transmission. Population replacement strategy, the idea that transgenic mosquitoes can be released into the wild to control disease transmission, is introduced as well as the concept of genetic drive and the design criterion for an effective genetic drive system. The ethical considerations of releasing genetically-modified organisms into the wild are also discussed.

למנוע את התפשטות המלריה וקדחת דנגי באמצעות יתושים מהונדסים גנטית

In this candid interview, Anthony A. James explains how mosquito genetics can be exploited to control malaria and dengue transmission.   Population ...

Building a Better Mosquito: Identifying the Genes Enabling Malaria and Dengue Fever Resistance in A. gambiae and A. aegypti Mosquitoes

In this interview, George Dimopoulos focuses on the physiological mechanisms used by mosquitoes to combat Plasmodium falciparum and dengue virus infections.   Explanation is given for how key refractory genes, those genes conferring resistance to vector pathogens, are identified in the mosquito and how this knowledge can be used to generate transgenic mosquitoes that are unable to carry the malaria parasite or dengue virus.

In this interview, George Dimopoulos focuses on the physiological mechanisms used by mosquitoes to combat Plasmodium falciparum and dengue virus infections. Explanation is given for how key refractory genes, those genes conferring resistance to vector pathogens, are identified in the mosquito and how this knowledge can be used to generate transgenic mosquitoes that are unable to carry the malaria parasite or dengue virus.

בניית יתוש עדיף: זיהוי הגנים הפעלת מלריה קדחת דנגי ההתנגדות ב א gambiae וא aegypti יתושים

In this interview, George Dimopoulos focuses on the physiological mechanisms used by mosquitoes to combat Plasmodium falciparum and dengue virus ...

RNAi-mediated Gene Knockdown and In Vivo Diuresis Assay in Adult Female Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

This video protocol demonstrates an effective technique to knockdown a particular gene in an insect and conduct a novel bioassay to measure excretion rate. This method can be used to obtain a better understanding of the process of diuresis in insects and is especially useful in the study of diuresis in blood-feeding arthropods that are able to take up huge amounts of liquid in a single blood meal. 
This RNAi-mediated gene knockdown combined with an in vivo diuresis assay was developed by the Hansen lab to study the effects of RNAi-mediated knockdown of aquaporin genes on Aedes aegypti mosquito diuresis1. 
The protocol is setup in two parts: the first demonstration illustrates how to construct a simple mosquito injection device and how to prepare and inject dsRNA into the thorax of mosquitoes for RNAi-mediated gene knockdown. The second demonstration illustrates how to determine excretion rates in mosquitoes using an in vivo bioassay.

RNAi-mediated Gene Knockdown and In Vivo Diuresis Assay in Adult Female Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

In this protocol we combine RNAi-mediated gene silencing with an in vivo diuresis assay to study the effects knockdown of genes of interest has on mosquito fluid excretion.

RNAi בתיווך ג&#39;ין מציאה ו<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Diuresis Assay ב נקבה בוגרת<em&gt; Aedes aegypti</em&gt; יתושים

This video protocol demonstrates an effective technique to knockdown a particular gene in an insect and conduct a novel bioassay to measure excretion ...

A Multi-detection Assay for Malaria Transmitting Mosquitoes

The Anopheles gambiae species complex includes the major malaria transmitting mosquitoes in Africa. Because these species are of such medical importance, several traits are typically characterized using molecular assays to aid in epidemiological studies. These traits include species identification, insecticide resistance, parasite infection status, and host preference. Since populations of the Anopheles gambiae complex are morphologically indistinguishable, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is traditionally used to identify species. Once the species is known, several downstream assays are routinely performed to elucidate further characteristics. For instance, mutations known as KDR in a para gene confer resistance against DDT and pyrethroid insecticides. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) or Plasmodium parasite DNA detection PCR assays are used to detect parasites present in mosquito tissues. Lastly, a combination of PCR and restriction enzyme digests can be used to elucidate host preference (e.g., human vs. animal blood) by screening the mosquito bloodmeal for host-specific DNA. We have developed a multi-detection assay (MDA) that combines all of the aforementioned assays into a single multiplex reaction genotyping 33SNPs for 96 or 384 samples at a time. Because the MDA includes multiple markers for species, Plasmodium detection, and host blood identification, the likelihood of generating false positives or negatives is greatly reduced from previous assays that include only one marker per trait. This robust and simple assay can detect these key mosquito traits cost-effectively and in a fraction of the time of existing assays.

Malaria transmitting mosquitoes have a number of epidemiologically important characteristics that can only be detected using molecular techniques. Utilizing a MALDI-TOF based SNP genotyping platform, we developed an assay for simultaneously detecting multiple key traits (species, insecticide resistance, parasite infection and host choice) of malaria vectors.

Assay Multi-זיהוי ליתושי מלריה העברה

The Anopheles gambiae species complex includes the major malaria transmitting mosquitoes in Africa. Because these species are of such medical importance, ...

Maintaining Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Infected with Wolbachia

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes experimentally infected with Wolbachia are being utilized in programs to control the spread of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes can be released into the field to either reduce population sizes through incompatible matings or to transform populations with mosquitoes that are refractory to virus transmission. For these strategies to succeed, the mosquitoes released into the field from the laboratory must be competitive with native mosquitoes. However, maintaining mosquitoes in the laboratory can result in inbreeding, genetic drift and laboratory adaptation which can reduce their fitness in the field and may confound the results of experiments. To test the suitability of different Wolbachia infections for deployment in the field, it is necessary to maintain mosquitoes in a controlled laboratory environment across multiple generations. We describe a simple protocol for maintaining Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in the laboratory, which is suitable for both Wolbachia-infected and wild-type mosquitoes. The methods minimize laboratory adaptation and implement outcrossing to increase the relevance of experiments to field mosquitoes. Additionally, colonies are maintained under optimal conditions to maximize their fitness for open field releases.

Maintaining Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Infected with Wolbachia

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia are being released into natural populations to suppress the transmission of arboviruses. We describe methods to rear Ae. aegypti with Wolbachia infections in the laboratory for experiments and field release, taking precautions to minimize laboratory adaptation and selection.

שמירה על Aedes aegypti יתושים נגועים Wolbachia

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes experimentally infected with Wolbachia are being utilized in programs to control the spread of arboviruses such as dengue, ...

Protocols for Testing the Toxicity of Novel Insecticidal Chemistries to Mosquitoes

New classes of insecticides with novel modes of action are needed to control insecticide resistant populations of mosquitoes that transmit diseases such as Zika, dengue and malaria. Assays for rapid, high-throughput analyses of unformulated novel chemistries against mosquito larvae and adults are presented. We describe protocols for single point-dose and dose response assays to evaluate the toxicity of small molecule chemistries to the Aedes aegypti vector of Zika, dengue and yellow fever,&#160;the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae and the northern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, on contact and via ingestion. As an example, we evaluated the toxicity of amitriptyline, a small molecule antagonist of G protein-coupled receptors, via larval, adult topical and adult blood-feeding assay. The protocols provide a starting point to investigate insecticide potential. Results are discussed in the context of additional experiments to explore product applications and mechanisms for delivery.

Protocols are described for assessing the toxicity of chemistries to immature and adult mosquitoes for development as new classes of larvicides, adulticides and endectocides. The protocols enable high-throughput testing of multiple chemistries at single-point dose and subsequent evaluation via dose response assay to determine toxicity on contact or via ingestion.

פרוטוקולים לבדיקת הרעילות של הרומן בדיקות, חרקים הביוכימיה על היתושים

New classes of insecticides with novel modes of action are needed to control insecticide resistant populations of mosquitoes that transmit diseases such ...