אנו מכירים במימון מNSF דרך CMMI מענקים 0854881 וCBET 1066898. המחברים מודים מולנס מתיו להצעות מועילות.

<ol>
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H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three+dimensional+nanofabrication+using+surface+forces.">Three dimensional nanofabrication using surface forces.</a> Langmuir. 26 (21), 16534-16539 (2010).</li><li>Pandey, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Algorithmic+design+of+self-folding+polyhedra.">Algorithmic design of self-folding polyhedra.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108 (50), 19885-19890 (2011).</li><li>Leong, T. G., Benson, B. R., Call, E. K., Gracias, D. 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אין ניגודי האינטרסים הכריזו.

תהליך הרכבת אוריגמי בהשראה שלנו הוא תכליתי ויכול לשמש לסינתזת מגוון של חלקיקים סטטיים וreconfigurable 3D עם מגוון רחב של חומרים, צורות וגדלות. יתר על כן, היכולת בדיוק חיישני דפוס ומודולים אלקטרוניים על החלקיקים הללו היא חשובה לאופטיקה ואלקטרוניקה. בניגוד לחלקיקי טלאים נוצרו על ידי שיטות חלופיות, שבו דפוסים יחסית מדויקים, מתודולוגיה זו מספקת אמצעי ללסנתז חלקיקי דוגמת בדיוק. בהרכבה מבוססת מתח פנים, השימוש במסת צירי איטום מבטיח שהחלקיקים אטומים היטב ומכאני נוקשים לאחר הרכבה (בקירור). בעבר, יש לנו לב, שהתפרים הם דליפת הוכחה אפילו למולקולות קטנות 39,40. Electrodeposition של שכבה דקה של Au לאחר ההרכבה יכול לספק כוח נוסף ולשפר את אופי הוכחת הדליפה מהתפרים. מתקפל לחץ מבוסס הסרט הדק הוא שימושי עבור יישומים שברחקיפול מגיב imuli נדרש כגון בmicrogrippers ששמש לביצוע במבחנה בדגימה ביולוגית vivo ו בפעולות איסוף ומקום ברובוטיקה. בעוד המתודולוגיה הספציפית המתוארת כאן יכולה לשמש ליצירת microgrippers reconfigurable כי לסגור רק פעם אחת, הבחירה המתאימה של חומרים ושיטות כדי לתפעל לחץ בbilayers יכולה להיות מנוצלת גם ליצור מכשירים שתופסים שניתנים מחדש על מחזורים מרובים 37, 41. גולת הכותרת של השימוש במתח שיורים לשלטון המכשירים האלה היא שהם אינם דורשים כל חבלים או חוטים וכך יש יכולת תמרון מצוינת כדי לאפשר actuation בקשה להגיע למקומות. יתר על כן, על ידי בחירה מתאימה של גורמים פולימריים, התנהגות מגיבה גירויים יכולה להיות מופעלת עם מגוון של גירויים, כולל אנזימים 42 כדי לאפשר תפקוד אוטונומי רלוונטי לרובוטיקה וניתוחים.

<table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> שם המגיב </td><td> חברה </td><td> מספר קטלוגים </td><td> תגובות </td></tr><tr><td> A11 methacrylate התיל פולי 950 </td><td> מייקרו כימי </td><td> M230011 </td><td> שכבה של קורבן </td></tr><tr><td> מוטות טונגסטן כרום </td><td> חברת RD מאתיס </td><td> CRW-2 </td><td> מקור לאידוי Cr </td></tr><tr><td> קליע נחושת </td><td> אלפא Aesar </td><td> 7440-50-8 </td><td> מקור לאידוי Cu </td></tr><tr><td> קליע זהב </td><td> אלפא Aesar </td><td> 7440-57-5 </td><td> מקור לאידוי Au </td></tr><tr><td> SPR 220 7.0 </td><td> רוהם ואס </td><td> 10016640 </td><td> photoresist החיובי </td></tr><tr><td> 1800 סדרת S photoresists </td><td> רוהם ואס </td><td></td><td> עמ החיוביhotoresist </td></tr><tr><td> Megaposit MF-26 מפתח </td><td> רוהם ואס </td><td> 10016574 </td><td> מפתחים עבור SPR 220 7.0 photoresist </td></tr><tr><td> Microposit 351 מפתחים </td><td> רוהם ואס </td><td> 10016653 </td><td> מפתחים ל1800 סדרת S photoresists </td></tr><tr><td> Sulfamate ניקל </td><td> הטכני בע&quot;מ </td><td> 030175 </td><td> פתרון לציפוי ניקל </td></tr><tr><td> Techni הלחמת Mate NF 820 60/40 RTU </td><td> הטכני בע&quot;מ </td><td> 330681 </td><td> פתרון ציפוי לצירי Pb-Sn </td></tr><tr><td> APS 100 נחושת איכול </td><td> Transene חברה בע&quot;מ </td><td> 021221 </td><td> נחושת איכול </td></tr><tr><td> Cre 473 כרום איכול </td><td> Transene חברה בע&quot;מ </td><td> 040901 </td><td> כרום איכול </td></tr><tr><td> 1-מהתיל-2-Pyrollidinone (NMP) </td><td> סיגמה אולדריץ </td><td> M79603 </td><td> נקודת רתיחה גבוהה ממס אורגני לציר Pb-Sn מבוסס עצמי מתקפל </td></tr><tr><td> Indalloy 5RMA שטף </td><td> אינדיום תאגיד של אמריקה </td><td> FL28372 </td><td> כימיה שמנקה את משטח ההלחמה ומעכבת חמצון לPb-Sn reflow הטוב </td></tr></tbody></table>

origami inspired self-assembly of patterned and reconfigurable particles

קיימות טכניקות רבות כגון photolithography יתוגרפיה, אלומת אלקטרונים וליטוגרפיה רכה שניתן להשתמש בו לדפוס בדיוק 2 ממדים (2D) מבנים. טכנולוגיות אלה הן בוגרות, מציעות דיוק גבוה ורבים מהם יכולים להיות מיושמים באופן תפוקה גבוהה. אנו ממנפים את היתרונות של יתוגרפיה מישוריים ולשלבם בשיטות עצמיות קיפול 1-20 כוחות פיסיים במסגרתו נובעים ממתח פנים ומתח שיורים, המשמשים לעקומה או מבנים מישוריים קיפול לשלושה מבנים ממדיים (3D). בעשותנו כך, אנו מאפשרים לייצור המוני בדוגמת חלקיקים סטטיים וreconfigurable שמאתגרים לסנתז במדויק. במאמר זה, אנו פירוט דמיינו פרוטוקולים ניסיוניים ליצירת חלקיקים בדוגמת, בעיקר, (א) ערובה לצמיתות, חלול, פאונים עצמיים להרכיב וחותם עצמי בשל צמצום אנרגית פני שטח של צירים מעובים 21-23וכן (ב) שgrippers עצמי של פי עקב צירים מופעלים לחץ השיורי 24,25. הפרוטוקול הספציפי המתוארים יכול לשמש ליצירת חלקיקים בעלי גודל כולל החל מיקרומטר את הכף באורך הסנטימטר. יתר על כן, דפוסים שרירותיים יכולים להיות מוגדרים על פני שטח של החלקיקים בעלי חשיבות במדע colloidal, אלקטרוניקה, אופטיקה ורפואה. באופן כללי יותר, הרעיון של חלקיקים מכאניים נוקשים להרכבה עצמית עם צירים עצמי איטום הוא ישים, עם כמה שינויים בתהליך, ליצירת חלקיקים באפילו קטן, 100 סולמות אורך nm 22, 26 ועם מגוון רחב של חומרים כוללים מתכות 21 , 9 מוליכים למחצה ופולימרים 27. עם כל כבוד לactuation מופעל לחץ השיורי של מכשירים התופסניות reconfigurable, הפרוטוקול הספציפי שלנו מנצל צירי כרום של שייכות למכשירים עם גדלים הנעים בין 100 מיקרומטר עד 2.5 מ&quot;מ. עם זאת, באופן כללי יותר, המושג של מתח שיורי רצועה ללא כזהactuation המופעל ניתן להשתמש בחומרים חלופיים מתח גבוה כגון הופקדו סרטי heteroepitaxially מוליכים למחצה 5,7 אולי כדי ליצור התקני ננו התופסניות קטנים אפילו.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles at JoVE.com

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

אנו מתארים פרטים ניסיוניים של הסינתזה של חלקיקים בדוגמת וreconfigurable משני מבשרים ממדיים (2D). מתודולוגיה זו יכולה לשמש ליצירת חלקיקים במגוון צורות, כולל פאונים ומכשירים נאחזו בסולמות אורך נעים בין מייקרו לקנה מידה של סנטימטר.

אוריגמי השראה עצמית הרכבה של חלקיקים בדוגמת וReconfigurable

There are numerous techniques such as photolithography, electron-beam lithography and soft-lithography that can be used to precisely pattern two ...

origami-inspired-self-assembly-patterned-reconfigurable

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

21.6K Views.  The Johns Hopkins University. אנו מתארים פרטים ניסיוניים של הסינתזה של חלקיקים בדוגמת וreconfigurable משני מבשרים ממדיים (2D). מתודולוגיה זו יכולה לשמש ליצירת חלקיקים במגוון צורות, כולל פאונים ומכשירים נאחזו בסולמות אורך נעים בין מייקרו לקנה מידה של סנטימטר.

Video: Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

In nature, complex functional structures are formed by the self-assembly of biomolecules under mild conditions. Understanding the forces that control self-assembly and mimicking this process in vitro will bring about major advances in the areas of materials science and nanotechnology. Among the available biological building blocks, peptides have several advantages as they present substantial diversity, their synthesis in large scale is straightforward, and they can easily be modified with biological and chemical entities1,2. Several classes of designed peptides such as cyclic peptides, amphiphile peptides and peptide-conjugates self-assemble into ordered structures in solution. Homoaromatic dipeptides, are a class of short self-assembled peptides that contain all the molecular information needed to form ordered structures such as nanotubes, spheres and fibrils3-8. A large variety of these peptides is commercially available.
This paper presents a procedure that leads to the formation of ordered structures by the self-assembly of homoaromatic peptides. The protocol requires only commercial reagents and basic laboratory equipment. In addition, the paper describes some of the methods available for the characterization of peptide-based assemblies. These methods include electron and atomic force microscopy and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Moreover, the manuscript demonstrates the blending of peptides (coassembly) and the formation of a &#34;beads on a string&#34;-like structure by this process.9 The protocols presented here can be adapted to other classes of peptides or biological building blocks and can potentially lead to the discovery of new peptide-based structures and to better control of their assembly.

This paper describes the formation of highly ordered peptide-based structures by the spontaneous process of self-assembly. The method utilizes commercially available peptides and common lab equipment. This technique can be applied to a large variety of peptides and may lead to the discovery of new peptide-based assemblies.

היווצרות של מבני Biomolecular הוזמנו על ידי ההרכבה העצמית של פפטידים קצרים

In nature, complex functional structures are formed by the self-assembly of biomolecules under mild conditions. Understanding the forces that control ...

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

The DNA nanorobot is a hollow hexagonal nanometric device, designed to open in response to specific stimuli and present cargo sequestered inside. Both stimuli and cargo can be tailored according to specific needs. Here we describe the DNA nanorobot fabrication protocol, with the use of the DNA origami technique. The procedure initiates by mixing short single-strand DNA staples into a stock mixture which is then added to a long, circular, single-strand DNA scaffold in presence of a folding buffer. A standard thermo cycler is programmed to gradually lower the mixing reaction temperature to facilitate the staples-to-scaffold annealing, which is the guiding force behind the folding of the nanorobot. Once the 60 hr folding reaction is complete, excess staples are discarded using a centrifugal filter, followed by visualization via agarose-gel electrophoresis (AGE). Finally, successful fabrication of the nanorobot is verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the use of uranyl-formate as negative stain.

DNA origami is a powerful method for fabricating precise nanoscale objects by programming the self-assembly of DNA molecules. Here we describe a protocol for the folding of a bio-responsive robot from DNA origami, its purification and negative staining for transmission electron microscopic imaging (TEM).

מתקפל ואפיון של רובוט ביו-תגובה מה- DNA אוריגמי

The DNA nanorobot is a hollow hexagonal nanometric device, designed to open in response to specific stimuli and present cargo sequestered inside. Both ...

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Current methods in DNA nano-architecture have successfully engineered a variety of 2D and 3D structures using principles of self-assembly. In this article, we describe detailed protocols on how to fabricate sophisticated 2D shapes through the self-assembly of uniquely addressable single-stranded DNA tiles which act as molecular pixels on a molecular canvas. Each single-stranded tile (SST) is a 42-nucleotide DNA strand composed of four concatenated modular domains which bind to four neighbors during self-assembly. The molecular canvas is a rectangle structure self-assembled from SSTs. A prescribed complex 2D shape is formed by selecting the constituent molecular pixels (SSTs) from a 310-pixel molecular canvas and then subjecting the corresponding strands to one-pot annealing. Due to the modular nature of the SST approach we demonstrate the scalability, versatility and robustness of this method. Compared with alternative methods, the SST method enables a wider selection of information polymers and sequences through the use of de novo designed and synthesized short DNA strands.

DNA tiling is an effective approach to make programmable nanostructures. We describe the protocols to construct complex two-dimensional shapes by the self-assembly of single-stranded DNA tiles.

עצמי הרכבה של צורות דו-ממדיות מורכבות מחד-גדילי דנ&quot;א אריחים

Current methods in DNA nano-architecture have successfully engineered a variety of 2D and 3D structures using principles of self-assembly. In this ...

Preparation of Mica and Silicon Substrates for DNA Origami Analysis and Experimentation

The designed nature and controlled, one-pot synthesis of DNA origami provides exciting opportunities in many fields, particularly nanoelectronics. Many of these applications require interaction with and adhesion of DNA nanostructures to a substrate. Due to its atomically flat and easily cleaned nature, mica has been the substrate of choice for DNA origami experiments. However, the practical applications of mica are relatively limited compared to those of semiconductor substrates. For this reason, a straightforward, stable, and repeatable process for DNA origami adhesion on derivatized silicon oxide is presented here. To promote the adhesion of DNA nanostructures to silicon oxide surface, a self-assembled monolayer of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) is deposited from an aqueous solution that is compatible with many photoresists. The substrate must be cleaned of all organic and metal contaminants using Radio Corporation of America (RCA) cleaning processes and the native oxide layer must be etched to ensure a flat, functionalizable surface. Cleanrooms are equipped with facilities for silicon cleaning, however many components of DNA origami buffers and solutions are often not allowed in them due to contamination concerns. This manuscript describes the set-up and protocol for in-lab, small-scale silicon cleaning for researchers who do not have access to a cleanroom or would like to incorporate processes that could cause contamination of a cleanroom CMOS clean bench. Additionally, variables for regulating coverage are discussed and how to recognize and avoid common sample preparation problems is described.

Reproducible cleaning processes for substrates used in DNA origami research are described, including bench-top RCA cleaning and derivatization of silicon oxide. Protocols for surface preparation, DNA origami deposition, drying parameters, and simple experimental set-ups are illustrated.

הכנת מצעים נציץ והסיליקון לDNA אוריגמי ניתוח וניסויים

The designed nature and controlled, one-pot synthesis of DNA origami provides exciting opportunities in many fields, particularly nanoelectronics. Many of ...

Grafting Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Polystyrene to Enable Self-Assembly and Anisotropic Patchiness

We demonstrate a straightforward protocol to graft pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with polystyrene (PS) chains at the sidewalls through a free-radical polymerization strategy to enable the modulation of the nanotube surface properties and produce supramolecular self-assembly of the nanostructures. First, a selective hydroxylation of the pristine nanotubes through a biphasic catalytically mediated oxidation reaction creates superficially distributed reactive sites at the sidewalls. The latter reactive sites are subsequently modified with methacrylic moieties using a silylated methacrylic precursor to create polymerizable sites. Those polymerizable groups can address further polymerization of styrene to produce a hybrid nanomaterial containing PS chains grafted to the nanotube sidewalls. The polymer-graft content, amount of silylated methacrylic moieties introduced and hydroxylation modification of the nanotubes are identified and quantified by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The presence of reactive functional groups hydroxyl and silylated methacrylate are confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Polystyrene-grafted carbon nanotube solutions in tetrahydrofuran (THF) provide wall-to-wall collinearly self-assembled nanotubes when cast samples are analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Those self-assemblies are not obtained when suitable blanks are similarly cast from analogous solutions containing non-grafted counterparts. Therefore, this method enables the modification of the nanotube anisotropic patchiness at the sidewalls which results into spontaneous auto-organization at the nanoscale.

A procedure for the synthesis of polystyrene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes using successive chemical modification steps to selectively introduce the polymer chains to the sidewalls and their self-assembly via anisotropic patchiness is presented.

הרכבה Multiwalled פחמן עם פוליסטירן כדי לאפשר הרכבה עצמית, Patchiness אנאיזוטרופי

We demonstrate a straightforward protocol to graft pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with polystyrene (PS) chains at the sidewalls through a ...

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles

Drying a nanoparticle dispersion is a versatile way to create self-assembled structures of nanoparticles, but the mechanism of this process is not fully understood. We have traced the trajectories of individual nanoparticles using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the mechanism of the assembly process. Herein, we present the protocols used for liquid-cell TEM studies of the self-assembly mechanism. First, we introduce the detailed synthetic protocols used to produce uniformly sized platinum and lead selenide nanoparticles. Next, we present the microfabrication processes used to produce liquid cells with silicon nitride or silicon windows and then describe the loading and imaging procedures of the liquid-cell TEM technique. Several notes are included to provide helpful tips for the entire process, including how to manage the fragile cell windows. The individual motions of nanoparticles tracked by liquid-cell TEM revealed that changes in the solvent boundaries caused by evaporation affected the self-assembly process of nanoparticles. The solvent boundaries drove nanoparticles to primarily form amorphous aggregates, followed by flattening of the aggregates to produce a 2-dimensional (2D) self-assembled structure. These behaviors are also observed for different nanoparticle types and different liquid-cell compositions.

Here we introduce experimental protocols for the real-time observation of a self-assembly process using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy.

במיקרוסקופ אלקטרונים הילוכים נוזלי-תא לצורך מעקב הרכבה עצמית של חלקיקים

Drying a nanoparticle dispersion is a versatile way to create self-assembled structures of nanoparticles, but the mechanism of this process is not fully ...

Fabrication of Spherical and Worm-shaped Micellar Nanocrystals by Combining Electrospray, Self-assembly, and Solvent-based Structure Control

Micellar nanocrystals (micelles with encapsulated nanocrystals) have become an emerging major class of nanobiomaterials. We describe a method of fabricating micellar nanocrystals based on combining top-down electrospray, bottom-up self-assembly, and solvent-based structure control. This method involves first using electrospray to generate uniform ultrafine liquid droplets, each of which functions as a micro-reactor in which self-assembly reaction occurs forming micellar nanocrystals, with the structures (micelle shape and nanocrystal encapsulation) controlled by the organic solvent used. This method is largely continuous and produces high quality micellar nanocrystal products with an inexpensive structure control approach. By using a water-miscible organic solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF), worm-shaped micellar nanocrystals can be produced due to solvent-induced/facilitated micelle fusion. Compared with the common spherical micellar nanocrystals, worm-shaped micellar nanocrystals can offer minimized non-specific cellular uptake, thus enhancing biological targeting. By co-encapsulating multiple nanocrystals into each micelle, multifunctional or synergistic effects can be achieved. Current limitations of this fabrication method, which will be part of the future work, primarily include imperfect encapsulation in the micellar nanocrystal product and the incompletely continuous nature of the process.

The present work describes a method to fabricate micellar nanocrystals, an emerging major class of nanobiomaterials. This method combines top-down electrospray, bottom-up self-assembly, and solvent-based structure control. The fabrication method is largely continuous, can produce high quality products, and possesses an inexpensive means of structure control.

ייצור של כדוריות, בצורת תולעת Nanocrystals Micellar על-ידי שילוב ספקטרומטריית Electrospray, הרכבה עצמית ובקרת מבנה ממס מבוסס

Micellar nanocrystals (micelles with encapsulated nanocrystals) have become an emerging major class of nanobiomaterials. We describe a method of ...

Bio-inspired Polydopamine Surface Modification of Nanodiamonds and Its Reduction of Silver Nanoparticles

Surface functionalization of nanodiamonds (NDs) is still challenging due to the diversity of functional groups on the ND surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a simple protocol for the multifunctional surface modification of NDs by using mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) coating. In addition, the functional layer of PDA on NDs could serve as a reducing agent to synthesize and stabilize metal nanoparticles. Dopamine (DA) can self-polymerize and spontaneously form PDA layers on ND surfaces if the NDs and dopamine are simply mixed together. The thickness of a PDA layer is controlled by varying the concentration of DA. A typical result shows that a thickness of ~5 to ~15 nm of the PDA layer can be reached by adding 50 to 100 &#181;g/mL of DA to 100 nm ND suspensions. Furthermore, the PDA-NDs are used as a substrate to reduce metal ions, such as Ag[(NH3)2]+, to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The sizes of the AgNPs rely on the initial concentrations of Ag[(NH3)2]+. Along with an increase in the concentration of Ag[(NH3)2]+, the number of NPs increases, as well as the diameters of the NPs. In summary, this study not only presents a facile method for modifying the surfaces of NDs with PDA, but also demonstrates the enhanced functionality of NDs by anchoring various species of interest (such as AgNPs) for advanced applications.

A facile protocol is presented to functionalize the surfaces of nanodiamonds with polydopamine.

שינוי בהשראה ביו השטח Polydopamine של Nanodiamonds והצמצום שלה של סילבר חלקיקים

Surface functionalization of nanodiamonds (NDs) is still challenging due to the diversity of functional groups on the ND surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a ...

Gene-therapy Inspired Polycation Coating for Protection of DNA Origami Nanostructures

DNA origami nanostructures hold an immense potential to be used for biological and medical applications. However, low-salt conditions and nucleases in physiological fluids induce denaturation and degradation of self-assembled DNA nanostructures. In non-viral gene delivery, enzymatic degradation of DNA is overcome by the encapsulation of the negatively charged DNA in a cationic shell. Herein, inspired by gene delivery advancements, a simple, one-step and robust methodology is presented for the stabilization of DNA origami nanostructures by coating them with chitosan and linear polyethyleneimine. The polycation coating efficiently protects DNA origami nanostructures in Mg-depleted and nuclease-rich media. This method also preserves the full addressability of enzyme- and aptamer-based functionalization of DNA nanostructures.

Here, a protocol for the protection of DNA origami nanostructures in Mg-depleted and nuclease-rich media using natural cationic polysaccharide chitosan and synthetic linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI) coatings is presented.

ריפוי גנטי בהשראת Polycation ציפוי הגנה על ה-DNA אוריגמי Nanostructures

DNA origami nanostructures hold an immense potential to be used for biological and medical applications. However, low-salt conditions and nucleases in ...

Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers

The production of monodisperse cylindrical micelles is a significant challenge in polymer chemistry. Most cylindrical constructs formed from diblock copolymers are produced by one of three techniques: thin film rehydration, solvent switching or polymerization-induced self-assembly, and produce only flexible, polydisperse cylinders. Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) is a method which can produce cylinders with these properties, by stabilizing structures of a lower curvature due to the formation of a crystalline core. However, the living polymerization techniques by which most core-forming blocks are formed are not trivial processes and the CDSA process may yield unsatisfactory results if carried out incorrectly. Here, the synthesis of cylindrical nanoparticles from simple reagents is shown. The drying and purification of reagents prior to a ring-opening polymerization of &#949;-caprolactone catalyzed by diphenyl phosphate is described. This polymer is then chain extended by methyl methacrylate (MMA) followed by N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMA) using reversible addition&#8722;fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, affording a triblock copolymer that can undergo CDSA in ethanol. The living CDSA process is outlined, the results of which yield cylindrical nanoparticles up to 500 nm in length and a length dispersity as low as 1.05. It is anticipated that these protocols will allow others to produce cylindrical nanostructures and elevate the field of CDSA in the future.

Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) displays the unique ability to fabricate cylindrical nanostructures of narrow length distributions. The organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of &#949;-caprolactone and subsequent chain extensions of methyl methacrylate and N,N-dimethyl acrylamide are demonstrated. A living CDSA protocol that produces monodisperse cylinders up to 500 nm in length is outlined.

סינתזה של חלקיקים מונוטהתפזר גלילי באמצעות התגבשות עצמית מונחה-הרכבה של סופולימרים מתכלים לחסום

The production of monodisperse cylindrical micelles is a significant challenge in polymer chemistry. Most cylindrical constructs formed from diblock ...