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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

7 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Immunology and Infection

Saliva, Salivary Gland, and Hemolymph Collection from Ixodes scapularis Ticks
Toni G. Patton 1, Gabrielle Dietrich 2, Kevin Brandt 1, Marc C. Dolan 2, Joseph Piesman 2, Robert D. Gilmore Jr. 1
1Microbiology and Pathogenesis Activity, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2Tick-Borne Diseases Activity, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

The collection of infected tick hemolymph, salivary glands, and saliva is important to study how tick-borne pathogens cause disease. In this protocol we demonstrate how to collect hemolymph and salivary glands from feeding Ixodes scapularis nymphs. We also demonstrate saliva collection from female I. scapularis adults.

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Immunology and Infection

Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces
Geun Woo Park 1, Preeti Chhabra 1, Jan Vinjé 1
1Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

A macrofoam based sampling methodology was developed and evaluated for the detection and quantification of norovirus on environmental hard surfaces.

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Immunology and Infection

Rescue and Characterization of Recombinant Virus from a New World Zika Virus Infectious Clone
James Weger-Lucarelli 1, Nisha K. Duggal 2, Aaron C. Brault 2, Brian J. Geiss 1, Gregory D. Ebel 1
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, 2Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

This protocol describes the recovery of infectious Zika virus from a two-plasmid infectious cDNA clone.

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Immunology and Infection

Measuring Influenza Neutralizing Antibody Responses to A(H3N2) Viruses in Human Sera by Microneutralization Assays Using MDCK-SIAT1 Cells
F. Liaini Gross 1,2, Yaohui Bai 1, Stacie Jefferson 1, Crystal Holiday 1, Min Z. Levine 1
1Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2Battelle

Influenza neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection of influenza infections. Microneutralization assays measure neutralizing antibodies in human sera and are often used for influenza human serology. We describe a microneutralization assay using MDCK-SIAT1 cells to measure neutralizing antibody titers to contemporary 3C.2a and 3C.3a A(H3N2) viruses following influenza vaccination or infection.

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Education

Collection and Extraction of Occupational Air Samples for Analysis of Fungal DNA
Angela R. Lemons 1, William G. Lindsley 1, Brett J. Green 1
1Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Determining the fungal diversity within an environment is a method utilized in occupational health studies to identify health hazards. This protocol describes DNA extraction from occupational air samples for amplification and sequencing of fungal ITS regions. This approach detects many fungal species that can be overlooked by traditional assessment methods.

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Immunology and Infection

Immunohistochemistry Test for the Lyssavirus Antigen Detection from Formalin-Fixed Tissues
Michael Niezgoda 1, Panayampalli Subbian Satheshkumar 1
1Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Here, we present an immunohistochemistry test protocol for the detection of rabies virus antigen as an alternative diagnostic test for formalin-fixed tissues.

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Biology

Effective Oral RNA Interference (RNAi) Administration to Adult Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes
Mabel Taracena 1,2, Catherine Hunt 1, Pamela Pennington 3, Deborah Andrew 4,5, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena 5,6, Ellen Dotson 1, Michael Wells 5,7,8
1Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 3Centro de Estudios en Biotecnologia, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 4Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 6Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Malaria Research Institute, 7Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 8Biomedical Sciences Department, Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine

The oral administration of dsRNA produced by bacteria, a delivery method for RNA interference (RNAi) that is routinely used in Caenorhabditis elegans, was successfully applied here to adult mosquitoes. Our method allows for robust reverse genetics studies and transmission-blocking vector studies without the use of injection.

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