Harvey Mudd College

2 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Immunology and Infection

Detection of Trypanosoma brucei Variant Surface Glycoprotein Switching by Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting and Flow Cytometry

Danae Schulz^1,2, Monica R. Mugnier¹, Catherine E. Boothroyd^1,3, F. Nina Papavasiliou¹

¹Laboratory of Lymphocyte Biology, Rockefeller University, ²Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, ³Masters School

African trypanosomes grown in vitro undergo antigenic variation at a low rate, such that populations are made up of parasites expressing a dominant variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) type and a small population of "switched" variants. This protocol describes a fast method for detecting and quantifying these populations.

Environment

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission (L.I.F.E.) as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats

Klemens Weisleitner^1,2, Lars Hunger³, Christoph Kohstall⁴, Albert Frisch⁵, Michael C. Storrie-Lombardi⁶, Birgit Sattler^1,2

¹Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, ²Austrian Polar Research Institute, University of Vienna, ³BrainLinks-BrainTools, Bernstein Center Freiburg, ⁴Atom Science, Kasevich Lab, Stanford University, ⁵Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, ⁶Department of Physics, Extraterrestrial Vehicle Instruments Laboratory, Harvey Mudd College

Carbon fluxes in the cryosphere are hardly assessed yet but are crucial regarding climate change. Here we show a novel prototype device that captures the phototrophic potential in supraglacial environments based on laser-induced fluorescence emission (L.I.F.E.) technology offering high spectral and spatial resolution data under in situ conditions.