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9 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Biology

Light/dark Transition Test for Mice
Keizo Takao 1, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa 1
1Genetic Engineering and Functional Genomics Unit, Horizontal Medical Research Organization, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University

The light/dark transition test is one of the most widely used tests to measure anxiety-like behavior in mice. Here, we present a movie that shows detailed procedures on how we conduct the test.

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Biology

Elevated Plus Maze for Mice
Munekazu Komada 1, Keizo Takao 1,2, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa 2
1Genetic Engineering and Functional Genomics Unit, Frontier Technology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 2Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science Division of Systems Medicine, Fujita Health University

The elevated plus maze test is one of the most widely used tests for measuring anxiety-like behavior in mice. Here, we present a movie showing the detailed procedures for conducting the test.

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Biology

Dissection of Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus from Adult Mouse
Hideo Hagihara 1,2, Keiko Toyama 1,2, Nobuyuki Yamasaki 1,3, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa 1,2,4,5
1Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), 2Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 3Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 4Genetic Engineering and Functional Genomics Group, Horizontal Medical Research Organization, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 5Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

A dissection technique for removal of the dentate gyrus from adult mouse under a stereomicroscope was demonstrated in this video-recorded protocol.

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Neuroscience

T-maze Forced Alternation and Left-right Discrimination Tasks for Assessing Working and Reference Memory in Mice
Hirotaka Shoji 1,2, Hideo Hagihara 1, Keizo Takao 3, Satoko Hattori 1,2,3, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa 1,2,3
1Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 2Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), 3Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

This article presents the protocol of T-maze tests using a modified automated apparatus for assessing the learning and memory functions in mice.

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Behavior

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice
Hirotaka Shoji 1,2, Keizo Takao 2,3, Satoko Hattori 1,2, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa 1,2,3
1Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 2Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), 3Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

This article presents a protocol for a contextual and cued fear conditioning test using a video analyzing system to assess fear learning and memory in mice.

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Biochemistry

Preparation of Giant Vesicles Encapsulating Microspheres by Centrifugation of a Water-in-oil Emulsion
Yuno Natsume 1, Hsin-i Wen 2, Tong Zhu 2, Kazumi Itoh 1, Li Sheng 2, Kensuke Kurihara 2,3,4
1Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2Department of Bioorganization Research, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 3Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 4Research Center for Complex Systems Biology, The University of Tokyo

Giant vesicles containing highly packed micrometer-sized components are useful cell models. The water-in-oil emulsion centrifugation method is a simple, powerful tool for the preparation of giant vesicles with encapsulated materials.

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Neuroscience

A Temperature Gradient Assay to Determine Thermal Preferences of Drosophila Larvae
Jiangqu Liu *1, Takaaki Sokabe *2,3, Craig Montell 1
1Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, 2Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 3Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Here, we present a protocol to determine the preferred environmental temperature of Drosophila larvae using a continuous thermal gradient.

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Developmental Biology

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye
Yu-Han Yeh *1,2, Mengwen Hu *1,2, Toshinori Nakagawa 3,4, Akihiko Sakashita 1,2, Shosei Yoshida 3,4, So Maezawa 5,6, Satoshi H. Namekawa 1,2
1Division of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3Division of Germ Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 4Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 5Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 6Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science

Here we present a simple and efficient method to isolate live meiotic and post-meiotic germ cells from adult mouse testes. Using a low-cytotoxicity, violet-excited DNA binding dye and fluorescence-activated cell sorting, one can isolate highly enriched spermatogenic cell populations for many downstream applications.

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Neuroscience

Evaluation and Manipulation of Neural Activity Using Two-Photon Holographic Microscopy
Daisuke Kato 1,2, Xiangyu Quan 3, Yuta Tanisumi 1,2, Zhongtian Guo 1,2, Mitsuhiro Morita 4, Tetsuya Takiguchi 5, Osamu Matoba 6, Hiroaki Wake 1,2,6
1Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 2Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 3Department of System Science, Kobe University Graduate School of System Informatics, 4Department of Biology, Graduate School of Sciences, Kobe University, 5Department of Information Science, Kobe University Graduate School of System Informatics, 6Center of Optical Scattering Image Science, Kobe University

We developed a two-photon holographic microscope that can visualize, assess, and manipulate neural activity using high spatiotemporal resolution, with the aim of elucidating the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders that are associated with abnormal neural activity.

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