generation-centromere-associated-protein-e-cenp-e-knockout-cell-lines

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E <em>CENP-E<sup>-/-</sup></em> Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 system has emerged as a powerful tool for precise and efficient gene editing ...

Fujian Medical University

Fujian Province University

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) has been widely used for imaging microstructure of biological tissues. In this article, we used MPM to investigate the microstructure changes of normal and cancerous human gastric muscular layer in transverse and longitudinal sections. The results displayed different patterns of microstructure changes of smooth muscular tissue, cell morphology and interstitial fibers in transverse and longitudinal sections, being similar to standard histopathological images but without the need for tissue processing. Our study demonstrated that MPM can bring more detailed complementary information on tissue architecture through observing transverse and longitudinal sections of tissues, which are the important pathological information when the pathologists diagnose the gastrointestinal lesions. These observations indicate that MPM could be an important potential tool to provide real-time pathological diagnosis for gastric cancer in the future. SCANNING 38:357-364, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Imaging normal and cancerous human gastric muscular layer in transverse and longitudinal sections by multiphoton microscopy.

Early non-pharmacological interventions can prevent cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Creative expression (CrExp) can potentially mitigate cognitive decline and enhance the physical and mental health of older people. However, it is unclear whether activities involving CrExp can improve cognitive function and other health-related outcomes in older adults with MCI. The aim of the present study is to develop a Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme that integrates verbal and non-verbal expressive activities and evaluate its effectiveness in improving cognitive function and other outcome indicators so as to explore its possible mechanism from the perspective of neuroimaging.

Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial.

Expressive arts therapy (EAT) can potentially improve cognition and mental health in patients with dementia. However, limited studies have been conducted for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of EAT in older adults with MCI. A total of 48 participants with MCI were assigned to the EAT intervention (n = 24) or waiting list control (n = 24) group. The former received 60-90 min of EAT twice a week for 6 weeks. The findings showed that the EAT program had a high retention and attendance rate and a high level of general satisfaction. Moreover, the intervention group showed significant improvements in general cognitive function, language function, anxiety, depression, and the psychological and social relationship domains of quality of life. The results provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility and efficacy of EAT intervention in older adults with MCI.

Effects of expressive arts therapy in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a result of the ischemic cascade and may occur in the settings of liver trauma, resection and transplantation. Components of the complement system have been indicated to be mediators of hepatic IRI and regulators of liver regeneration. As such, their potential to mediate both beneficial and harmful effects render them key targets for therapy. In the present study, the mechanisms of complement mediating hepatic IRI were discussed with a focus on the different functions of complement in hepatic injury and liver recovery, and an explanation for this apparent paradox is provided, i.e. that the complement products C3a and C5a have an important role in liver damage; however, C3a and C5a are also necessary for liver regeneration. Furthermore, situated at the end of the complement activation cascade, the membrane attack complex is crucial in hepatic IRI and inhibiting the complex with a site-targeted murine complement inhibitor, complement receptor 2-CD59, may improve liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, even when hepatectomy is combined with ischemia and reperfusion.

Emerging recognition of the complement system in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver regeneration and recovery (Review).

The study explored the cross-talk between the microRNA miR-34a and prominin 1 in the development of laryngeal cancer (LC), which has an unacceptable high mortality rate. We predicted that miR-34a might target prominin 1. miR-34a and prominin 1 expression was analyzed with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between miR-34a and prominin 1 was determined by linear regression analysis. miR-34a and prominin 1 overexpression and miR-34a inhibition were achieved in LC cells to analyze their relationship. The roles of miR-34a and prominin 1 in LC cell proliferation were studied with CCK-8 assay. The results showed miR-34a was downregulated, and prominin 1 was upregulated in LC. In addition, prominin 1 and miR-34a were inversely correlated across cancer tissue samples. In cancer cells, miR-34a overexpression downregulated prominin 1, while miR-34a knockdown upregulated prominin 1. Moreover, miR-34a overexpression reduced the enchaining effects of prominin 1 on LC cell proliferation. Therefore, miR-34a might suppress LC cell proliferation by targeting prominin 1.

miR-34a Suppresses Cell Proliferation in Laryngeal Cancer by Targeting Prominin 1.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a disease with high incidence rate in kidney related surgery. Micro RNA (miRNA) and transcription factors (TFs) are widely involved in the process of renal IRI through regulation of their target genes. However, the regulatory relationships and functional roles of TFs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the progression of renal IRI are insufficiently understood. The present study aimed to clarify the underlying mechanism of regulatory relationships in renal IRI.

Identification of hub genes and transcription factor-miRNA-mRNA pathways in mice and human renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

There is evidence to suggest that the primary tumor induces the formation of a pre-metastatic niche in distal organs by stimulating the production of pro-metastatic factors. Given the fundamental role of the pre-metastatic niche in the development of metastases, interruption of its formation would be a promising strategy to take early action against tumor metastasis. Here we report an enzyme-activated assembled peptide FR17 that can serve as a "flame-retarding blanket" in the pre-metastatic niche specifically to extinguish the "fire" of tumor-supportive microenvironment adaption. We show that the in-situ assembled peptide nano-blanket inhibits fibroblasts activation, suppressing the remodeling of the metastasis-supportive host stromal tissue, and reversing vascular destabilization and angiogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the nano-blanket prevents the recruitment of myeloid cells to the pre-metastatic niche, regulating the immune-suppressive microenvironment. We show that FR17 administration effectively inhibits the formation of the pulmonary pre-metastatic niche and postoperative metastasis, offering a therapeutic strategy against pre-metastatic niche formation.

Peptide nano-blanket impedes fibroblasts activation and subsequent formation of pre-metastatic niche.

Phagocytosis checkpoints, especially targeting CD47, have shown encouraging therapeutic effects. However, there are currently many shortcomings and challenges with immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs). Inspired by the phenomenon of molecular self-assembly, we modify the CD47 targeting peptide (4N1K) onto the self-assembled peptide FY4, as well as the concatenation of PEG at the other terminal  the AZO group to construct hypoxia-responsive nanoparticles (PEG-AZO-FY4-4N1K, PAP NPs), utilizing the peptide as a part of the anti-tumor therapy machine. After degradation, PAP NPs can self-assemble to form fibrous networks and anchor CD47 on the surface of tumor cells, promoting their recognition and phagocytosis by macrophages and relieving immune escape. Self-assembled peptides can interweave on the surface of tumor cells, fully exploiting their morphological advantages to impede normal cell interaction and metastasis. The PAP NPs work synergistically with Doxorubicin (DOX) to further maximize the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy. In conclusion, this strategy pioneers the progress of self-assembled peptides in biomedicine and promises a novel breakthrough in the development of checkpoint inhibitor therapies.

Blocking CD47 with restructured peptide nanoparticles for motivating phagocytosis to inhibit tumor progression.

Inefficient tumor penetration caused by the characteristics of tumor microenvironments is a primary obstacle to improving drug delivery efficiency, which restricts the chemotherapy drug efficacy. One such promising idea is to construct micro/nanomotors (MNMs) as an effective delivery vehicle by way of producing autonomous motion and converting exogenous stimuli or external energies from the surrounding environment into mechanical forces. In this research, the Pt/DOX nanomotor was prepared, and the enhanced diffusion and positive chemotaxis driven by substrates were verified , proof of the enhanced cellular uptake and deep penetration of Pt/DOX. As a novel nanovehicle, Pt/DOX potentially provides an intriguing approach to foster the tumor-deep penetration and enhance the drug delivery efficiency.

Pt/DOX Nanomotors Enhance Penetration in the Deep Tumor by Positive Chemotaxis.

Local analgesia is one of the most desirable methods for postoperative pain control, while the existing local anesthetics have a short duration of analgesic effect. Nano-drug carriers have been widely used in various fields and provide an excellent strategy for traditional drugs. Although the existing liposomes for local anesthetics have certain advantages, their instability and complexity of the preparation process still cannot be ignored. Here, we developed novel ropivacaine hydrochloride liposomes with improved stability and sustained release performance by combining ropivacaine hydrochloride with sodium oleate in liposomes  hydrophobic ion-pairing (HIP). The liposomes are easy to prepare, inexpensive, and suitable for mass production. The infrared (IR), particle size, and Zeta potential measurements adequately characterized the complex, which showed a diameter of 81.09 nm and a zeta potential of -83.3 mV. Animal behavioral experiments, including the hot plate test and von Frey fiber test, demonstrated that the liposome system had a prolonged analgesic effect of 2 h  conventional liposome preparations, consistent with the results of  release experiments. In addition,  cytotoxicity evaluations in RAW264.7 cells and  evaluations revealed the biocompatibility and safety of the ropivacaine-sodium oleate ion-paired liposome (Rop-Ole-Lipo) system as a suitable local anesthetic for local pain management. Our findings provide a new idea for the preparation of local anesthetics.

Preparation and evaluation of liposome with ropivacaine ion-pairing in local pain management.

Embryo implantation and decidualization are key steps in establishing a successful pregnancy. Defects in embryo implantation and decidualization can cause a series of adverse chain reactions which can contribute to harmful pregnancy outcomes, such as embryo growth retardation, preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature birth, and so on. Approximately 75% of failed pregnancies are considered to be due to embryo implantation failure or defects. Decidualization, characterized by proliferation and differentiation of uterine stromal cells, is one of the essential conditions for blastocyst implantation, placental formation, and maintenance of pregnancy and is indispensable for the establishment of pregnancy in many species. Embryo implantation and decidualization are closely regulated by estrogen and progesterone secreted by the ovaries. Many cellular events and molecular signaling network pathways are involved in this process. This article reviews the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of estrogen- and progesterone-regulating uterine receptivity establishment, blastocyst implantation, and decidualization, in order to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of hormonal regulation of embryo implantation and to develop new strategies for preventing or treating embryo implantation defects and improving the pregnancy rate of women.

Yi Zhou

Department of Cell Biology and Genetics,
The School of Basic Medical Sciences,
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences

Fujian Medical University

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E CENP-E^-/- Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Yi Zhou

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Department of Cell Biology and Genetics,The School of Basic Medical Sciences,Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences

Fujian Medical University

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E CENP-E-/- Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Department of Cell Biology and Genetics,
The School of Basic Medical Sciences,
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E CENP-E^-/- Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System