Real-Time Imaging of Bonding in 3D-Printed Layers

Our research aims to improve layer bonding during 3D printing. We use a method called laser speckle imaging to visualize the bonding process in real time. These insights will guide the optimization of printing conditions, hopefully leading to enhanced material design and performance.

Currently, the layer bonding is studied using infrared imaging techniques that visualize this plastic*surface temperatures. To study layer bonding with infrared imaging, it is assumed that the inner temperature and the surface temperature is equal. Also, the complex relationship between temperature and the plastic fluidity has to be known.

We've adapted laser speckle imaging for the use of 3D printing and have shown how to easily obtain deeper understanding of the layer bonding. Our LSI approach measures the polymer motion inside the plastic, visualizing the layer bonding without any assumptions. The technique is also non-invasive, easy to use, and has an excellent sensitivity.

The method shown in this research can be used to study 3D prints or patterns that are challenging. The results can be used to understand how the setting should be changed to improve the print's quality.