King Abdulaziz University

9 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Immunology and Infection

Quantitative Analyses of all Influenza Type A Viral Hemagglutinins and Neuraminidases using Universal Antibodies in Simple Slot Blot Assays

Caroline Gravel^*1, Changgui Li^*2, Junzhi Wang², Anwar M Hashem^1,3,4, Bozena Jaentschke¹, Gary Van Domselaar⁵, Runtao He⁵, Xuguang Li^1,3

¹Centre for Vaccine Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, HPFB, Health canada, ²National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, The State Food and Drug Administration, Beijing, ³Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, ⁴Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, ⁵National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada

A simple slot blot method was developed for the quantification of influenza viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase using universal antibodies targeting their most conserved sequences identified through bioinformatics analyses. This innovative approach may provide a useful alternative to quantitative determination of all viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.

Chemistry

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Olga Karagiaridi¹, Wojciech Bury^1,2, Amy A. Sarjeant¹, Joseph T. Hupp¹, Omar K. Farha^1,3

¹Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, ²Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University

Synthesis, activation, and characterization of intentionally designed metal-organic framework materials is challenging, especially when building blocks are incompatible or unwanted polymorphs are thermodynamically favored over desired forms. We describe how applications of solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries and activation via supercritical CO₂ drying, can address some of these challenges.

Immunology and Infection

Development of an in vitro model system for studying the interaction of Equus caballus IgE with its high-affinity receptor FcεRI

Sari Sabban¹, Hongtu Ye², Birgit Helm²

¹Biological Department, King Abdulaziz University, ²The Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield

The current study describes the development and applications of a genetically engineered assay system based on the transfection of rat basophilic leukemia cells with the equine FcεRIα gene. Transfected cells express a functional receptor where the release of mediators of the allergic response can be activated by IgE and antigen.

Engineering

Enhanced Electron Injection and Exciton Confinement for Pure Blue Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes by Introducing Partially Oxidized Aluminum Cathode

Zhibin Wang¹, Tai Cheng¹, Fuzhi Wang¹, Yiming Bai¹, Xingming Bian¹, Bing Zhang¹, Tasawar Hayat^2,3, Ahmed Alsaedi³, Zhan'ao Tan¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, ²Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, ³NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University

A protocol is presented for fabricating high-performance, pure blue ZnCdS/ZnS-based quantum dots light-emitting diodes by employing an autoxidized aluminum cathode.

Medicine

Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases

Saif Aldeen S. AlRyalat¹, Lna W. Malkawi², Shaher M. Momani^3,4

¹Department of Ophthalmology, University of Jordan, ²Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, ³Dean of Scientific Research, University of Jordan, ⁴Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University

Literature databases are commonly used to assess publications in a certain subject, discipline, country, or region of the world, a practice known as bibliometric analysis. The current protocol details how to use PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to do bibliometric analysis.

Medicine

Developing and Testing Methylated Nano-Structured Dipeptides that Inhibit Src Kinase Activity In Vitro for Anti-Cancer Applications

Alaa F. Nahhas¹, Alrayan F. Nahhas², Thomas J. Webster^3,4,5

¹Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, ²Independent Scholar, ³School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, ⁴School of Engineering, Saveetha University, ⁵Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, UFPI

Presented here is a protocol for designing and testing dipeptides that can inhibit Src kinase enzyme activity using acellular and cellular assays for anti-cancer applications. The peptides formulated here (W-R_CH3, W_CH3-R_CH3, and W-R_(CH3)2) inhibited Src kinase with IC₅₀ values of 510 nM, 916 nM, and 1 µM, respectively.

Medicine

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Abdulraheem A. Alwafi^1,2, Scott Panther², Angela Lo², Edwin H. Yen², Bingshuang Zou²

¹Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, ²Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia

This manuscript presents a comprehensive protocol to evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) movement of maxillary posterior teeth with clear aligners using digital model superimposition, an invaluable tool in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics.

Immunology and Infection

COVID-19 Seroprevalence Test for IgG Antibody Levels Among Healthy Donors Across Different Pandemic Phases in Jeddah

Abrar A. Al-Ghamdi^*1,2,3, Thamir A. Alandijany^*1,2, Arwa A. Faizo^1,2, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy^1,2, Ahmed M. Hassan¹, Ahmed M. Tolah^1,4, Fadi S. Qashqari⁵, Sayed S. Sohrab^1,2, Salwa I. Hindawi^6,7, Maha A. Badawi^4,7, Mai Albaik⁸, Hessa A. Al-Sharif¹, Esam I. Azhar^*1,2

¹Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, ²Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, ³Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, ⁴Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, ⁵Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, ⁶Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, ⁷Blood Transfusion Services, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, ⁸Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College

This study assessed COVID-19 seroprevalence in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, among healthy blood donors across pre-lockdown, during-lockdown, and post-lockdown periods. Of 3,825 samples, 4.5% tested positive for IgG antibodies. Seroprevalence increased significantly post-lockdown, highlighting the role of asymptomatic transmission and the effectiveness of initial restrictions.

Engineering

Diffusion-Driven Proxy Learning Strategy with Secure Peer Interactions for Generative Intelligence in Cyber-Physical System

K. M. Karthick Raghunath¹, T. R. Mahesh¹, Surbhi Bhatia Khan^2,3,4, Sahar Badri⁵, Abdulrahman Alojail⁶, Kumaran S. Yogesh¹, Ahlam Almusharraf⁷

¹Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), ²School of Science Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, ³Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, ⁴Research and Innovation Cell, Rayat Bahra University, ⁵Department of Information Systems, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, ⁶Department of Management Information Systems, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, ⁷Department of Management, College of Business Administration, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University

Here we present the Generative Proxy Learning Framework (GPLF) that brings Proxy-based Federated Learning (ProxyFL) to improve Generative AI solutions in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). By integrating differential privacy features and encryption methods, GPLF enhances privacy protection, which reduces privacy leakage, thereby making Cyber-Physical System operations smarter and safer.