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Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich

6 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Immunology and Infection

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Malek Saleh¹, Mohammed R. Abdullah¹, Christian Schulz¹, Thomas Kohler¹, Thomas Pribyl¹, Inga Jensch¹, Sven Hammerschmidt¹

¹Department Genetics of Microorganisms, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading pathogen causing severe community-acquired pneumonia and responsible for over 2 million deaths worldwide. The impact of bacterial factors implicated in fitness or virulence can be monitored in real-time in an acute mouse pneumonia or bacteremia model using bioluminescent bacteria.

Medicine

Whole-Mount Immunofluorescence Staining, Confocal Imaging and 3D Reconstruction of the Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Node in the Mouse

Ruibing Xia^1,2,3, Julia Vlcek^1,2, Julia Bauer^1,2,3, Stefan Kääb^1,3, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold^1,2, Dominic Adam van den Heuvel^1,2, Christian Schulz^1,2,3, Steffen Massberg^1,2,3, Sebastian Clauss^1,2,3

¹University Hospital Munich, Department of Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, ²Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, ³German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance

We provide a step-by-step protocol for whole-mount immunofluorescence staining of the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN) in murine hearts.

Medicine

Isolation and Culture of Resident Cardiac Macrophages from the Murine Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Node

Ruibing Xia^1,2,3, Simone Loy¹, Stefan Kääb^1,3, Anna Titova¹, Christian Schulz^1,2,3, Steffen Massberg^1,2,3, Sebastian Clauss^1,2,3

¹University Hospital Munich, Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilian-Unversity Munich (LMU), ²Insitute of Surgical Research at the Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), ³German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA)

The protocol presented here provides a step-by-step approach for the isolation of cardiac resident macrophages from the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN) region of mouse hearts.

Medicine

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Philipp Tomsits^1,2,3, Kavi Raj Chataut^1,2, Aparna Sharma Chivukula^1,2, Li Mo^1,2, Ruibing Xia^1,2, Dominik Schüttler^1,2,3, Sebastian Clauss^1,2,3

¹Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), ²DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), ³Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)

Here we present a step-by-step protocol for a semiautomated approach to analyze murine long-term electrocardiography (ECG) data for basic ECG parameters and common arrhythmias. Data are obtained by implantable telemetry transmitters in living and awake mice and analyzed using Ponemah and its analysis modules.

Medicine

Multiphoton Intravital Imaging for Monitoring Leukocyte Recruitment during Arteriogenesis in a Murine Hindlimb Model

Manuel Lasch^1,2,3, Mykhailo Vladymyrov⁴, Dominic van den Heuvel^1,5, Philipp Götz^1,3, Elisabeth Deindl^1,3, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold^1,5

¹Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, ²Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, ³Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, ⁴TKI, University of Bern, ⁵Department of Internal Medicine I and Cardiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

The recruitment of leukocytes and platelets constitutes an essential component necessary for the effective growth of collateral arteries during arteriogenesis. Multiphoton microscopy is an efficient tool for tracking cell dynamics with high spatio-temporal resolution in vivo and less photo-toxicity to study leukocyte recruitment and extravasation during arteriogenesis.

Medicine

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice

Philipp Tomsits^*1,2,4, Aparna Sharma Chivukula^*1,2, Kavi Raj Chataut^*1,2, Agus Simahendra³, Ludwig T. Weckbach^1,2,3, Stefan Brunner¹, Sebastian Clauss^1,2,4

¹Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU), ²DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), ³Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, ⁴Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the key variable to understanding cardiac electrophysiology. Physical exercise has beneficial effects but may also be harmful in the context of cardiovascular diseases. This manuscript provides a method of recording real-time ECG during exercise, which can serve to investigate its effects on cardiac electrophysiology in mice.