The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.

Superficial Layer:

The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis extends from the upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebrae to the skull, while the splenius cervicis stretches between the thoracic and cervical vertebrae.

Intermediate Layer:

The intermediate layer includes the erector spinae muscles, a group of three long, column-like muscles: the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. These muscles run almost the entire length of the spine, from the sacrum and iliac crest to the ribs and vertebrae up to the base of the skull. They are crucial for maintaining posture and providing the strength to extend the vertebral column. The erector spinae muscles also assist in lateral flexion and, when acting unilaterally, aid in bending the spine to the side.

Deep and Deepest Layers:

The deep layer comprises the transversospinalis muscles, including the semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores. These shorter muscles are primarily involved in stabilizing the spine, aiding in extension, and allowing for controlled rotation and bending of the vertebral column. The deepest layer consists of minor deep muscles like the interspinales and intertransversarii, which span between adjacent vertebrae and contribute to the stability and localized movements of the spine. Additionally, the levatores costarum, found in this layer, assist in elevating the ribs, which is particularly important during deep inhalation.

Tags
Vertebral ColumnIntrinsic Back MusclesThoracolumbar FasciaSuperficial LayerSplenius MusclesSplenius CapitisSplenius CervicisIntermediate LayerErector SpinaeIliocostalisLongissimusSpinalisDeep LayerTransversospinalis MusclesSemispinalisMultifidusRotatoresStabilityLocalized Movements

Dal capitolo 15:

article

Now Playing

15.10 : Muscles of the Vertebral Column

The Muscular System

586 Visualizzazioni

article

15.1 : Il sistema muscolare

The Muscular System

1.8K Visualizzazioni

article

15.2 : Disposizione dei fascicoli nei muscoli scheletrici

The Muscular System

1.3K Visualizzazioni

article

15.3 : Coordinazione e azione muscolare

The Muscular System

991 Visualizzazioni

article

15.4 : Denominazione dei muscoli scheletrici

The Muscular System

1.6K Visualizzazioni

article

15.5 : Muscoli assiali e appendicolari

The Muscular System

956 Visualizzazioni

article

15.6 : Muscoli per le espressioni facciali

The Muscular System

1.5K Visualizzazioni

article

15.7 : Muscoli dell'occhio

The Muscular System

678 Visualizzazioni

article

15.8 : Muscoli della parte anteriore del collo

The Muscular System

884 Visualizzazioni

article

15.9 : Muscoli che muovono la testa

The Muscular System

947 Visualizzazioni

article

15.11 : Muscoli del torace

The Muscular System

692 Visualizzazioni

article

15.12 : Muscoli dell'addome

The Muscular System

624 Visualizzazioni

article

15.13 : Muscoli del pavimento pelvico e del perineo

The Muscular System

694 Visualizzazioni

article

15.14 : Muscoli della spalla

The Muscular System

1.2K Visualizzazioni

article

15.15 : Muscoli che muovono il braccio

The Muscular System

864 Visualizzazioni

See More

JoVE Logo

Riservatezza

Condizioni di utilizzo

Politiche

Ricerca

Didattica

CHI SIAMO

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Tutti i diritti riservati