The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes (fat cells). Initially, adipocytes expand in size, but once they reach their capacity, they multiply, particularly in cases of extreme obesity.

A key enzyme, endothelial lipoprotein lipase, regulates fat storage by facilitating the transfer of triglycerides from the bloodstream into fat cells. This enzyme is more active in abdominal fat than hip fat, making abdominal fat accumulation a greater risk factor for elevated cholesterol levels and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is also associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which contributes to insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The causes of obesity are complex and often multifactorial, with many remaining unidentified. Contributing factors include overeating during childhood, enhanced fat storage efficiency, and genetic predisposition. While overeating and sedentary lifestyles contribute to weight gain, some individuals with obesity may not consume more calories but have metabolic traits that promote fat accumulation. For example, in some instances, adipocytes may exhibit heightened lipoprotein lipase activity, altered receptor expression favoring fat storage, and release of inflammatory cytokines, exacerbating insulin resistance.

Dal capitolo 28:

article

Now Playing

28.24 : Obesity

Absorption of Nutrients

139 Visualizzazioni

article

28.1 : Carboidrati: fonti alimentari e fabbisogni

Absorption of Nutrients

164 Visualizzazioni

article

28.2 : Proteine: fonti alimentari e fabbisogni

Absorption of Nutrients

131 Visualizzazioni

article

28.3 : Lipidi: fonti alimentari e fabbisogni

Absorption of Nutrients

412 Visualizzazioni

article

28.4 : Vitamine

Absorption of Nutrients

151 Visualizzazioni

article

28.5 : Minerali

Absorption of Nutrients

108 Visualizzazioni

article

28.6 : Panoramica sul metabolismo dei carboidrati

Absorption of Nutrients

127 Visualizzazioni

article

28.7 : Panoramica sul metabolismo delle proteine

Absorption of Nutrients

147 Visualizzazioni

article

28.8 : Panoramica sul metabolismo dei lipidi

Absorption of Nutrients

449 Visualizzazioni

article

28.9 : Colesterolo: significato e regolazione

Absorption of Nutrients

380 Visualizzazioni

article

28.10 : Assorbimento dei carboidrati

Absorption of Nutrients

90 Visualizzazioni

article

28.11 : Assorbimento delle proteine

Absorption of Nutrients

41 Visualizzazioni

article

28.12 : Assorbimento dei lipidi

Absorption of Nutrients

211 Visualizzazioni

article

28.13 : Assorbimento di minerali, vitamine e acqua

Absorption of Nutrients

83 Visualizzazioni

article

28.14 : Stati metabolici del corpo: lo stato di assorbimento

Absorption of Nutrients

556 Visualizzazioni

See More

JoVE Logo

Riservatezza

Condizioni di utilizzo

Politiche

Ricerca

Didattica

CHI SIAMO

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Tutti i diritti riservati