Ringraziamo i nostri colleghi in RIKEN-BSI per il loro supporto e consigli gentilmente proficuo nel corso di questo lavoro. Vorrei esprimere il mio sincero apprezzamento al Prof. Shigemi Mori, il professor G bor Juh tg, Drs. Kiyoji Matsuyama, Katalin AK kesi e rp d Dobolyi che mi ha consigliato di metodo di studio microdialisi durante il corso di laurea presso l&#39;Università Graduate for Advanced Studies, in Giappone. Infine, ringraziamo il Sig. Chris Sarnecky e il Dr. Akitsugu Takasu per il loro supporto per la registrazione video.

Fase 1. Preparazione di impianto sonda <ol><li> Anestesia (non mostrato nel video) Anestetizzare ogni uccello con un&#39;iniezione interperitoneal di ketamina (12,5 mg / kg di peso corporeo) e xilazina (25 mg / kg) miscela per produrre un livello costante di anestesia chirurgica. </li><li> Fissare una testa ad un telaio stereotassico Usa Xylocaine (TM) gelatina per ridurre i dolori locali bar di pressione all&#39;orecchio &#39;. La testa di uccello è fissato in un apparato stereotassico composto da barre di orecchio e di un supporto becco che tiene la testa con un angolo di 45 °. Durante la chirurgia stereotassica per l&#39;impianto, caldo il corpo di uccello da pad chirurgica con controllo termico (temperatura = 34 ~ 36 ° C). </li><li> Disinfettare l&#39;area chirurgica Disinfettare il campo chirurgico con isodine (TM) prima della chirurgia. </li></ol> Fase 2. Posizionamento stereotassico <ol><li> Punto di riferimento di allineamento Allineare sonda fittizio (vetro micropipetta) al Lambda (Y-punto) e il punto Y-point con il colorante pieno di pipette. Rimanenti Destrano-TMR dello studio tracciante ultima è stata utilizzata nel video. </li><li> Incisione della pelle Togliere la pelle ed esporre la superficie del cranio. Poi, pulire la superficie del cranio con tamponi di cotone. </li><li> Posizionamento di cannula fittizio (in direzione orizzontale) Spostare la cannula fittizio al sito di destinazione (AP asse laterale e di coordinamento) </li><li> Craniotomia piccole e incisione della dura madre. Utilizzare una pinza sottile per craniotomia e un sottile ago per iniezione (30 G) per incisioni della dura madre. Poi, pulire la superficie del cranio. </li><li> Posizionamento finale (impianto) di cannula dummy Individuare la punta della cannula guida allo 0,30 mm al di sopra della microdialisi sonda destinata regione di destinazione. Infine, pulire la superficie del cranio di nuovo, perché una superficie asciutta e pulita è necessaria per l&#39;incollaggio dura. </li></ol> Fase 3. Pretrattamento della superficie cranica (La procedura simile per &quot;restauro diretto riempimento&quot; del prodotto dentale deve essere impiegato.) <ol><li> Primer trattamento <ol><li> Mix PRIMAR liquido A con B su un piatto. </li><li> Applicare il composto sulla superficie del cranio con un pennellino. </li><li> Lasciare agire per 30 secondi. </li><li> A secco con flusso d&#39;aria mite. (Non lavare.) </li></ol></li><li> Applicazione di legante <ol><li> Applicare il collante sulla superficie del cranio con un pennellino. </li><li> Applicare una leggera corrente d&#39;aria. (Non lavare.) </li><li> Fotopolimerizzare per 20 secondi. </li></ol></li></ol> Fase 4. Montaggio in resina composita <ol><li> Resina montare con plugger pianura Se un plugger Pianura non è disponibile, un micro-spatola può essere utilizzato. </li><li> Fotopolimerizzazione </li><li> Incrementale di montaggio Incrementale di montaggio si consiglia di assicurare la reazione completa della resina. Per il montaggio incrementale, applicare collante prima di ogni montaggio. </li><li> Stampo la resina composita e fotopolimerizzabile per la finale di indurimento. </li><li> Fine della chirurgia </li></ol> Pulire l&#39;area chirurgica, si applicano agli antibiotici (gentamicina pomata), e rimuovere l&#39;animale dal fuoco stereotassica. Quindi, tenere l&#39;animale in una camera termo-controllati (temperatura = 33-35 ° C) per il recupero post-anestetico. Come mostrato nel video, nessun comportamento anomalo è stato osservato in qualsiasi degli animali il giorno successivo dopo l&#39;intervento.

<ol>
	<li>Adell, A., Artigas, F., Boulton, A., Baker, G., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+Brain+microdialysis:+Principles+and+applications.">In vivo Brain microdialysis: Principles and applications.</a> In Vivo Neuromethods: Neuromethods. 32, 325-357 (1998).</li><li>Kendrick, K., Robinson, T., Justice, J., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microdialysis+in+large+unrestrained+animals:+neuroendocrine+and+behavioral+studies+of+acetylcholine,+amino+acid,+monoamine+and+neuropeptide+release+in+the+sheep.">Microdialysis in large unrestrained animals: neuroendocrine and behavioral studies of acetylcholine, amino acid, monoamine and neuropeptide release in the sheep.</a> Microdialysis in the Neuroscience. 7, 327-348 (1991).</li><li>Oakley, B., Schafer, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Experimental Neurobiology: A laboratory Manual. , (1978).</li><li>Okumura, T., Yamashita, Y., Okanoya, K., Tani, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+the+sensori-motor+nucleus+NIf+in+generation+of+complex+syntactical+song+in+the+Bengalese+Finch+I.+A+Biological+study.">Function of the sensori-motor nucleus NIf in generation of complex syntactical song in the Bengalese Finch I. A Biological study.</a> Soc. Neurosci Abst. 33, (2007).</li><li>Boulton, A., Baker, G., Robinson, T., Bateson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+relation+of+brain+electrical+activity+to+behavior.">The relation of brain electrical activity to behavior.</a> In Vivo Neuromethods: Neuromethods. 32, 325-357 (1998).</li><li>Yamashita, Y., Okumura, T., Okanoya, K., Tani, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Function+of+the+sensori-motor+nucleus+NIf+in+generation+of+complex+syntactical+song+in+the+Bengalese+finch.">Function of the sensori-motor nucleus NIf in generation of complex syntactical song in the Bengalese finch.</a> , 101-104 (2007).</li></ol>

Gli esperimenti sono stati effettuati in conformità con le linee guida per la sperimentazione animale del cervello Science Institute, RIKEN (RIKEN-BSI) e dell&#39;Istituto animale comitato etico li ha approvati.

Rispetto per l&#39;applicazione dei tradizionali resine acriliche cura di sé, la tecnica ha introdotto una serie di vantaggi importanti: 1. Legame diretto: Acrilico curare sé può essere attaccati all&#39;osso per un po &#39;ma non aderisce alle ossa. Pertanto, le viti di ancoraggio sono tenuti a fissare una base di montaggio (vedi Figura 2A). Al contrario, la resina fotopolimerizzazione possibile legame con l&#39;osso direttamente le viti in modo non sono necessari (Figura 2B). Pertanto, il volume di base di montagg...

1A fotografia mostra sonda microdialisi (a), un dado cieco (b) e una cannula guida (c). In questa foto, la cannula guida è circondata da resina dentale che aderisce al cranio direttamente. Foto B mostra un uccello durante la perfusione di droga. Sulla sommità della testa, c&#39;è una sonda microdialisi che è collegato a un tubo tefron fine. Barre di scala = 1 cm per A e 2 cm per B, rispettivamente. <img src="http://www.jove.com/files/249_2008_8_26_3/249_Figure-01.png" /> Figura 1 - Le fotografie di una sonda da microdialisi (A) e un uccello durante la perfusione di droga (B)

application of light-cured dental adhesive resin for mounting electrodes or microdialysis probes in chronic experiments

In esperimenti di registrazione cronica, resine dentarie autopolimerizzante acrilici sono stati usati come una base di montaggio di elettrodi o di microdialisi-sonde. Dal momento che questi acrilici non legame con l&#39;osso, le viti sono stati utilizzati come ancore. Tuttavia, in piccoli animali da esperimento, come fringuelli o il mouse, i loro crani sono molto fragili e non possono tenere con successo le ancore. In questo rapporto, proponiamo una nuova applicazione di resine dentali fotopolimerizzabili per la base di montaggio degli elettrodi o sonde di microdialisi in esperimenti cronica. Questo materiale permette legame diretto al cranio. Pertanto, le viti di ancoraggio non sono necessarie e campo chirurgico può essere ridotto notevolmente. Le esperienze passate dimostrano che l&#39;effetto di incollaggio mantiene più di 2 mesi. Finestra di resina convenzionale di tempo in cui i materiali sono flessibili e funzionali è a pochi minuti. Tuttavia, la finestra del tempo di lavoro per questi adesivi dentali è significativamente più ampio e regolabile.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments at JoVE.com

Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

In questo rapporto, proponiamo una nuova applicazione di resine dentali fotopolimerizzabili per la base di montaggio degli elettrodi o sonde di microdialisi in esperimenti cronica. Questo materiale permette legame diretto al cranio.

Applicazione della Luce cured resina adesiva dentale per montaggio elettrodi o sonde Microdialisi negli esperimenti cronica

In chronic recording experiments, self-curing dental acrylic resins have been used as a mounting base of electrodes or microdialysis-probes. Since these ...

application-light-cured-dental-adhesive-resin-for-mounting-electrodes

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

15.3K Views.  RIKEN. In questo rapporto, proponiamo una nuova applicazione di resine dentali fotopolimerizzabili per la base di montaggio degli elettrodi o sonde di microdialisi in esperimenti cronica. Questo materiale permette legame diretto al cranio.

Video: Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

Preparation of Artificial Bilayers for Electrophysiology Experiments

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. These bilayers can be used for many different studies, such as the characterization of membrane-active peptides, the reconstitution of ion channels or investigations on how changes in lipid bilayer properties alter the function of bilayer-spanning channels.  Here, we show how to form a planar bilayer and how to isolate small patches from the bilayer, and in a second video  will also demonstrate a procedure for using gramicidin channels to determine changes in lipid bilayer elastic properties.   We also demonstrate the individual steps needed to prepare the bilayer chamber, the electrodes and how to test that the bilayer is suitable for single-channel measurements.

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. Here, we demonstrate the individual steps needed to prepare the bilayer chamber, the electrodes and how to test that the bilayer is suitable for single-channel measurements.

Preparazione di doppi strati artificiali per esperimenti Elettrofisiologia

Planar lipid bilayers, also called artificial lipid bilayers, allow you to study ion-conducting channels in a well-defined environment. These bilayers can ...

Ricerca

Biologia

Fabrication of Amperometric Electrodes

Carbon fiber electrodes are crucial for the detection of catecholamine release from vesicles in single cells for amperometry measurements.  Here, we describe the techniques needed to generate low noise (&lt;0.5 pA) electrodes.  The techniques have been modified from published descriptions by previous researchers (1,2).  Electrodes are made by preparing carbon fibers and threading them individually into each capillary tube by using a vacuum with a filter to aspirate the fiber.  Next, the capillary tube with fiber is pulled by an electrode puller, creating two halves, each with a fine-pointed tip.  The electrodes are dipped in hot, liquid epoxy mixed with hardener to create an epoxy-glass seal.  Lastly, the electrodes are placed in an oven to cure the epoxy.  Careful handling of the electrodes is critical to ensure that they are made consistently and without damage.  This protocol shows how to fabricate and cut amperometric electrodes for recording from single cells.

This protocol describes how to generate carbon fiber electrodes. The electrodes are subsequently used to detect catecholamine release from vesicles with carbon fiber amperometry.

Fabbricazione di elettrodi amperometrici

Carbon fiber electrodes are crucial for the detection of catecholamine release from vesicles in single cells for amperometry measurements.  Here, we ...

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

3D DNA FISH has become a major tool for analyzing three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, and several variations of the technique have been published. In this article we describe a protocol which has been optimized for robustness, reproducibility, and ease of use. Brightly fluorescent directly labeled probes are generated by nick-translation with amino-allyldUTP followed by chemical coupling of the dye. 3D DNA FISH is performed using a freeze-thaw step for cell permeabilization and a heating step for simultaneous denaturation of probe and nuclear DNA. The protocol is applicable to a range of cell types and a variety of probes (BACs, plasmids, fosmids, or Whole Chromosome Paints) and allows for high-throughput automated imaging. With this method we routinely investigate nuclear localization of up to three chromosomal regions.

We describe a robust and versatile protocol for analyzing nuclear architecture by 3D DNA FISH using directly labeled fluorescent probes.

Robusto FISH 3D DNA con sonde marcate direttamente

3D DNA FISH has become a major tool for  analyzing three-dimensional organization of the nucleus, and several variations  of the technique have been ...

Multilayer Mounting for Long-term Light Sheet Microscopy of Zebrafish

Light sheet microscopy is the ideal imaging technique to study zebrafish embryonic development. Due to minimal photo-toxicity and bleaching, it is particularly suited for long-term time-lapse imaging over many hours up to several days. However, an appropriate sample mounting strategy is needed that offers both confinement and normal development of the sample. Multilayer mounting, a new embedding technique using low-concentration agarose in optically clear tubes, now overcomes this limitation and unleashes the full potential of light sheet microscopy for real-time developmental biology.

The development of zebrafish can be followed over days with light sheet microscopy when embryos are embedded in optically clear polymer tubes with low-concentration agarose.

Multistrato di montaggio per lungo termine foglio leggero Microscopia di Zebrafish

Light sheet microscopy is the ideal imaging technique to study zebrafish embryonic development. Due to minimal photo-toxicity and bleaching, it is ...

Isolation and Culture of Dental Epithelial Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Incisor

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse incisor provides a model for these processes. This remarkable organ grows continuously throughout the animal&#39;s life and generates all the necessary cell types from active pools of adult stem cells housed in the labial (toward the lip) and lingual (toward the tongue) cervical loop (CL) regions. Only the dental stem cells from the labial CL give rise to ameloblasts that generate enamel, the outer covering of teeth, on the labial surface. This asymmetric enamel formation allows abrasion at the incisor tip, and progenitors and stem cells in the proximal incisor ensure that the dental tissues are constantly replenished. The ability to isolate and grow these progenitor or stem cells in vitro allows their expansion and opens doors to numerous experiments not achievable in vivo, such as high throughput testing of potential stem cell regulatory factors. Here, we describe and demonstrate a reliable and consistent method to culture cells from the labial CL of the mouse incisor.

The continuously growing mouse incisor provides a model for studying renewal of dental tissues from dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs). A robust system for consistently and reliably obtaining these cells from the incisor and expanding them in vitro is reported here.

Isolamento e Cultura della Dental epiteliali cellule staminali del topo adulto Incisor

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie tooth regeneration and renewal has become a topic of great interest1-4, and the mouse ...

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Deviations from normal levels and patterns of vascular fluid shear play important roles in vascular physiology and pathophysiology by inducing adaptive as well as pathological changes in endothelial phenotype and gene expression. In particular, maladaptive effects of periodic, unidirectional flow induced shear stress can trigger a variety of effects on several vascular cell types, particularly endothelial cells. While by now endothelial cells from diverse anatomic origins have been cultured, in-depth analyses of their responses to fluid shear have been hampered by the relative complexity of shear models (e.g., parallel plate flow chamber, cone and plate flow model). While these all represent excellent approaches, such models are technically complicated and suffer from drawbacks including relatively lengthy and complex setup time, low surface areas, requirements for pumps and pressurization often requiring sealants and gaskets, creating challenges to both maintenance of sterility and an inability to run multiple experiments. However, if higher throughput models of flow and shear were available, greater progress on vascular endothelial shear responses, particularly periodic shear research at the molecular level, might be more rapidly advanced. Here, we describe the construction and use of shear rings: a novel, simple-to-assemble, and inexpensive tissue culture model with a relatively large surface area that easily allows for a high number of experimental replicates in unidirectional, periodic shear stress studies on endothelial cells.

The Assembly and Application of &#039;Shear Rings&#039;: A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Different levels and patterns of fluid shear are known to modulate endothelial gene expression, phenotype and susceptibility to disease. We discuss the assembly and use of 'shear rings': a model that produces unidirectional, periodic shear stress patterns. Shear rings are simple to assemble, economical and can produce high cell yields.

L&#39;Assemblea e l&#39;applicazione di &quot;Shear Anelli &#39;: A Novel endoteliale modello per Orbital, unidirezionale e periodica del fluido di flusso e lo stress di taglio

Deviations from normal levels and patterns of vascular fluid shear play important roles in vascular physiology and pathophysiology by inducing adaptive as ...

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO&#8226; Signals in Single Cells

Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) is a small radical, which mediates multiple important cellular functions in mammals, bacteria and plants. Despite the existence of a large number of methods for detecting NO&#8226; in vivo and in vitro, the real-time monitoring of NO&#8226; at the single-cell level is very challenging. The physiological or pathological effects of NO&#8226; are determined by the actual concentration and dwell time of this radical. Accordingly, methods that allow the single-cell detection of NO&#8226; are highly desirable. Recently, we expanded the pallet of NO&#8226; indicators by introducing single fluorescent protein-based genetically encoded nitric oxide (NO&#8226;) probes (geNOps) that directly respond to cellular NO&#8226; fluctuations and, hence, addresses this need. Here we demonstrate the usage of geNOps to assess intracellular NO&#8226; signals in response to two different chemical NO&#8226;-liberating molecules. Our results also confirm that freshly prepared 3-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-nitrosohydrazino)-N-methyl-1-propanamine (NOC-7) has a much higher potential to evoke change in intracellular NO&#8226; levels as compared with the inorganic NO&#8226; donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Furthermore, dual-color live-cell imaging using the green geNOps (G-geNOp) and the chemical Ca2+ indicator fura-2 was performed to visualize the tight regulation of Ca2+-dependent NO&#8226; formation in single endothelial cells. These representative experiments demonstrate that geNOps are suitable tools to investigate the real-time generation and degradation of single-cell NO&#8226; signals in diverse experimental setups.

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO&amp;#8226;) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO&amp;#8226; Signals in Single Cells

This manuscript presents protocols for the application of novel genetically encoded nitric oxide (NO&#8226;) probes (geNOps) to monitor single cell NO&#8226; fluctuations in real-time using fluorescence microscopy. The Ca2+-triggered NO&#8226; formation on the level of individual endothelial cells was visualized by combining geNOps with a chemical Ca2+ sensor.

L&#39;applicazione di geneticamente codificato fluorescente ossido nitrico (NO •) sonde, i geNOps, in tempo reale Imaging di NO • I segnali in singole cellule

Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) is a small radical, which mediates multiple important cellular functions in mammals, bacteria and plants. Despite the existence ...

Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice

The mechanisms involved in local induced inflammation can be studied using several available animal models. One of these is the induction of apical periodontitis (AP). Apical periodontitis is a common pathology of an inflammatory nature in the periodontal tissues surrounding the tooth root. In order to better understand the nature and mechanism of this pathology it is advantageous to perform the procedure in mice. The induction of this odontogenic inflammation is achieved by drilling into the mouse tooth until the dental pulp is exposed. Next, the tooth pulp remains exposed to be contaminated by the natural oral flora over time, causing apical periodontitis. After this time period, the animal is sacrificed, and the tooth and the jaw bone can be analyzed in various ways. Typical analyses include micro-CT imaging (to evaluate bone resorption), histological staining, immunohistochemistry, and RNA expression. This protocol is useful for research in the field of oral biology to better understand this inflammatory process in an in vivo experimental setting with uniform conditions. The procedure requires a careful handling of the mice and the isolated jaw, and a visual demonstration of the technique is useful. All technical aspects of the procedures leading to induced apical periodontitis and its characterization in a mouse model are demonstrated.

Here, we present a protocol to locally induce apical periodontitis in mice. We show how to drill a hole in the mouse&#39;s tooth and expose its pulp, in order to cause local inflammation. Analysis methods to investigate the nature of this inflammation, such as micro-CT and histology, are also demonstrated.

Indurre la parodontite apicale nei topi

The mechanisms involved in local induced inflammation can be studied using several available animal models. One of these is the induction of apical ...

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Museum skull specimens represent a non-invasive, informative, and readily available means to study temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lesions, dental pathology, and anatomic variations in many mammalian species. Studying the teeth and jaws of an array of species can present a challenge requiring attention to detail and understanding of a species&#39; normal anatomy. In the present article, a systematic and precise protocol for examining skull specimens is discussed that has been applied to a variety of mammals to define characteristic diseases in the oromaxillofacial region. The procedure outlined is simultaneously precise, repeatable, and adaptable to the highly differing skull and tooth shapes and anatomy across species. Specifically, specimens are examined for missing teeth, periodontal disease, endodontal disease, TMJ pathology, and anatomical variations. Results gleaned from research on museum specimens may reflect the natural history, health, and disease status of individuals and species. Furthermore, these data can inform ecological and conservation research efforts, as well as the care of captive individuals.

The present protocol describes the techniques for the systematic assessment of skull specimens to characterize anatomical and developmental variations and abnormalities of the teeth, periodontal disease, endodontal disease, and temporomandibular joint pathology.

Valutazione sistematica di campioni di cranio di mammifero per patologia dentale e dell'articolazione temporo-mandibolare

Museum skull specimens represent a non-invasive, informative, and readily available means to study temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lesions, dental ...

Stabilire la coltura primaria di cellule staminali della polpa dentale

Primary Culture of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

The human dental pulp represents a promising multipotent stem cell reservoir with pre-eminent regenerative competence that can be harvested from an extracted tooth. The neural crest-derived ecto-mesenchymal origin of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) bestows a high degree of plasticity that owes to its multifaceted benefits in tissue repair and regeneration. There are various practical ways of harvesting, maintaining, and proliferating adult stem cells being investigated for their use in regenerative medicine. In this work, we demonstrate the establishment of a primary mesenchymal stem cell culture from dental tissue by the explant culture method. The isolated cells were spindle-shaped and adhered to the plastic surface of the culture plate. The phenotypic characterization of these stem cells showed positive expression of the international society of cell therapy (ISCT)-recommended cell surface markers for MSC, such as CD90, CD73, and CD105. Further, negligible expression of hematopoietic (CD45) and endothelial markers (CD34), and less than 2% expression of HLA-DR markers, confirmed the homogeneity and purity of the DPSC cultures. We further illustrated their multipotency based on differentiation to adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. We also induced these cells to differentiate into hepatic-like and neuronal-like cells by adding corresponding stimulation media. This optimized protocol will aid in the cultivation of a highly expandable population of mesenchymal stem cells to be utilized in the laboratory or for preclinical studies. Similar protocols can be incorporated into clinical setups for practicing DPSC-based treatments.

Autore in primo piano: Avanzamento della rigenerazione tissutale e della modellazione delle malattie con le cellule staminali della polpa dentale

This article provides a stepwise guide to establish a primary culture of dental pulps stem cells using the explant culture method and characterization of these cells based on ICSCRT guidelines. The cells isolated by this protocol can be considered as mesenchymal stem cells for further applications.

Coltura primaria di cellule staminali della polpa dentale

The human dental pulp represents a promising multipotent stem cell reservoir with pre-eminent regenerative competence that can be harvested from an ...