Horst Thiermann

Simulation of cholinesterase status at different scenarios of nerve agent exposure.

Development of antidotes: problems and strategies.

The effect of acetylcholinesterase-inhibition on depolarization-induced GABA release from rat striatal slices.

Human parathion poisoning. A toxicokinetic analysis.

Kinetic analysis of interactions between human acetylcholinesterase, structurally different organophosphorus compounds and oximes.

Ketamine reduces cholinergic modulated GABA release from rat striatal slices.

Evaluation of oxime efficacy in nerve agent poisoning: development of a kinetic-based dynamic model.

Effects of oximes on muscle force and acetylcholinesterase activity in isolated mouse hemidiaphragms exposed to paraoxon.

Diagnostic aspects of organophosphate poisoning.

Correlation between red blood cell acetylcholinesterase activity and neuromuscular transmission in organophosphate poisoning.

Estimation of oxime efficacy in nerve agent poisoning: a kinetic approach.

Testing of antidotes for organophosphorus compounds: experimental procedures and clinical reality.

Anaesthesia in patients suffering from organophosphorus intoxication--interactions between general anaesthetics and acetylcholine in cortical networks in vitro.

Lessons to be learnt from organophosphorus pesticide poisoning for the treatment of nerve agent poisoning.

Kinetic analysis of reactivation and aging of human acetylcholinesterase inhibited by different phosphoramidates.

Cholinergic modulation of sevoflurane potency in cortical and spinal networks in vitro.

Development and application of procedures for the highly sensitive quantification of cyclosarin enantiomers in hemolysed swine blood samples.

Red blood cell acetylcholinesterase and plasma butyrylcholinesterase status: important indicators for the treatment of patients poisoned by organophosphorus compounds.

Comparison of the oxime-induced reactivation of erythrocyte and muscle acetylcholinesterase following inhibition by sarin or paraoxon, using a perfusion model for the real-time determination of membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase activity.

Identical kinetics of human erythrocyte and muscle acetylcholinesterase with respect to carbamate pre-treatment, residual activity upon soman challenge and spontaneous reactivation after withdrawal of the inhibitors.

LC-MS-based procedures for monitoring of toxic organophosphorus compounds and verification of pesticide and nerve agent poisoning.

Inhibitory potency against human acetylcholinesterase and enzymatic hydrolysis of fluorogenic nerve agent mimics by human paraoxonase 1 and squid diisopropyl fluorophosphatase.

Sulfur mustard research--strategies for the development of improved medical therapy.

Are we using the right dose? - a tale of mole and gram.

Chromatographic resolution, characterisation and quantification of VX enantiomers in hemolysed swine blood samples.

Structure-activity analysis of aging and reactivation of human butyrylcholinesterase inhibited by analogues of tabun.

Clinical picture of sulfur mustard poisoning.

Comparison of the oxime-induced reactivation of rhesus monkey, swine and guinea pig erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase following inhibition by sarin or paraoxon, using a perfusion model for the real-time determination of membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase activity.

Extreme variability in the formation of chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO) in patients poisoned by chlorpyrifos (CPF).

The chronic effects of sulfur mustard exposure.

Plasma level of atropine after accidental ingestion of Atropa belladonna.

Development and validation of a sensitive gas chromatography-ammonia chemical ionization mass spectrometry method for the determination of tabun enantiomers in hemolysed blood and plasma of different species.

Obidoxime in acute organophosphate poisoning: 1 - clinical effectiveness.

Obidoxime in acute organophosphate poisoning: 2 - PK/PD relationships.

Monitoring of neuromuscular transmission in organophosphate pesticide-poisoned patients.

LC-ESI MS/MS quantification of atropine and six other antimuscarinic tropane alkaloids in plasma.

Paradox findings may challenge orthodox reasoning in acute organophosphate poisoning.

Evaluation of medical countermeasures against organophosphorus compounds: the value of experimental data and computer simulations.

The toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of organophosphonates versus the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxime antidotes: biological consequences.

Atropine increases sevoflurane potency in cortical but not spinal networks during cholinergic overstimulation.

Assessment of neuromuscular dysfunction during poisoning by organophosphorus compounds.

GC-MS and LC-MS analysis of nerve agents in body fluids: intra-laboratory verification test using spiked plasma and urine samples.

Kinetic analysis of interactions of different sarin and tabun analogues with human acetylcholinesterase and oximes: is there a structure-activity relationship?

Simultaneous quantification of the organophosphorus pesticides dimethoate and omethoate in porcine plasma and urine by LC-ESI-MS/MS and flow-injection-ESI-MS/MS.

Comparative study of oxime-induced reactivation of erythrocyte and muscle AChE from different animal species following inhibition by sarin or paraoxon.

Muscle force and acetylcholinesterase activity in mouse hemidiaphragms exposed to paraoxon and treated by oximes in vitro.

Bioanalysis of organophosphorus toxicants and corresponding antidotes.

Side-specific effects by cadmium exposure: apical and basolateral treatment in a coculture model of the blood-air barrier.

Kinetic analysis of interactions between alkylene-linked bis-pyridiniumaldoximes and human acetylcholinesterases inhibited by various organophosphorus compounds.

Pharmacokinetics of obidoxime in patients poisoned with organophosphorus compounds.

Interactions between atropine and etomidate in cortical and spinal networks during cholinergic crisis.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for detection and identification of albumin phosphylation by organophosphorus pesticides and G- and V-type nerve agents.

Kinetic prerequisites of oximes as effective reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited acetylcholinesterase: a theoretical approach.

Effect of N-acetyl cysteine and alpha-linolenic acid on sulfur mustard caused impairment of in vitro endothelial tube formation.

Reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited human, Cynomolgus monkey, swine and guinea pig acetylcholinesterase by MMB-4: a modified kinetic approach.

High-performance liquid-chromatographic tandem-mass spectrometric methods for atropinesterase-mediated enantioselective and chiral determination of R- and S-hyoscyamine in plasma.

Kinetic analysis of interactions of paraoxon and oximes with human, Rhesus monkey, swine, rabbit, rat and guinea pig acetylcholinesterase.

In vitro detoxification of cyclosarin (GF) by modified cyclodextrins.

In vitro kinetic interactions of DEET, pyridostigmine and organophosphorus pesticides with human cholinesterases.

Evaluation of 6,6'-dithionicotinic acid as alternative chromogen in a modified Ellman method--comparison in various species.

Evaluation of functional and structural alterations in muscle tissue after short-term cold storage in a new tissue preservation solution.

Long-term evaluation of organophosphate toxicity and antidotal therapy in co-cultures of spinal cord and muscle tissue.

Thirteenth International Medical Chemical Defence Conference 2011 "New developments in the treatment of intoxications by chemical warfare agents with focus on neurotoxic agents".

Anaesthetic potency of diazepam is resistant to cholinergic overstimulation.

Atropine maintenance dosage in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning.

Simultaneous quantification of VX and its toxic metabolite in blood and plasma samples and its application for in vivo and in vitro toxicological studies.

Reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase by isonitrosoacetone (MINA): a kinetic analysis.

Application of an enantioselective LC-ESI MS/MS procedure to determine R- and S-hyoscyamine following intravenous atropine administration in swine.

Determination of acetylcholinesterase activity by the Ellman assay: a versatile tool for in vitro research on medical countermeasures against organophosphate poisoning.

Evaluation of the Test-mate ChE (cholinesterase) field kit in acute organophosphorus poisoning.

Quantification of pralidoxime (2-PAM) in urine by ion pair chromatography-diode array detection: application to in vivo samples from minipig.

In vitro and in vivo efficacy of PEGylated diisopropyl fluorophosphatase (DFPase).

Comparative kinetics of organophosphates and oximes with erythrocyte, muscle and brain acetylcholinesterase.

A role for solvents in the toxicity of agricultural organophosphorus pesticides.

Reactivation kinetics of a homologous series of bispyridinium bis-oximes with nerve agent-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase.

Kinetic interactions of a homologous series of bispyridinium monooximes (HGG oximes) with native and phosphonylated human acetylcholinesterase.

Reactivation kinetics of a series of related bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase--Structure-activity relationships.

Structural requirements for effective oximes--evaluation of kinetic in vitro data with phosphylated human AChE and structurally different oximes.

Detoxification of tabun at physiological pH mediated by substituted β-cyclodextrin and glucose derivatives containing oxime groups.

New modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives as detoxifying agents of chemical warfare agents (II). In vitro detoxification of cyclosarin (GF): general screening and toxicokinetic aspects of OP scavengers.

New modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives as detoxifying agents of chemical warfare agents (I). Synthesis and preliminary screening: evaluation of the detoxification using a half-quantitative enzymatic assay.

The value of novel oximes for treatment of poisoning by organophosphorus compounds.

Use of the Cultex® Radial Flow System as an in vitro exposure method to assess acute pulmonary toxicity of fine dusts and nanoparticles with special focus on the intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility.

Organophosphate poisoning in the developed world - a single centre experience from here to the millennium.

Silibinin as a potential therapeutic for sulfur mustard injuries.

Sulfur mustard induced nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH).

Effects of succinylcholine in an organotypic spinal cord-skeletal muscle coculture of embryonic mice.

Elimination pathways of cyclosarin (GF) mediated by β-cyclodextrin in vitro: pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic aspects.

Fourteenth International Medical Chemical Defence Conference 2013 "Translation of experimental research for improved treatment of chemical warfare agents".

Modified immunoslotblot assay to detect hemi and sulfur mustard DNA adducts.

Mesenchymal stem cells are highly resistant to sulfur mustard.

Investigation of kinetic interactions between approved oximes and human acetylcholinesterase inhibited by pesticide carbamates.

Influence of organophosphate poisoning on human dendritic cells.

Functional expression of the transient receptor potential channel TRPA1, a sensor for toxic lung inhalants, in pulmonary epithelial cells.

Reactivation of plasma butyrylcholinesterase by pralidoxime chloride in patients poisoned by WHO class II toxicity organophosphorus insecticides.

In vitro kinetics of nerve agent degradation by fresh frozen plasma (FFP).

Limitations and challenges in treatment of acute chemical warfare agent poisoning.

Drug development for the management of organophosphorus poisoning.

Detoxification of alkyl methylphosphonofluoridates by an oxime-substituted β-cyclodextrin--an in vitro structure-activity study.

Efficacy of the rePON1 mutant IIG1 to prevent cyclosarin toxicity in vivo and to detoxify structurally different nerve agents in vitro.

Effectiveness of a substituted β-cyclodextrin to prevent cyclosarin toxicity in vivo.

In vitro toxicokinetic studies of cyclosarin: molecular mechanisms of elimination.

V-type nerve agents phosphonylate ubiquitin at biologically relevant lysine residues and induce intramolecular cyclization by an isopeptide bond.

Chlorambucil (nitrogen mustard) induced impairment of early vascular endothelial cell migration - effects of α-linolenic acid and N-acetylcysteine.

Reactivation kinetics of 31 structurally different bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human butyrylcholinesterase.

Spinal cord--skeletal muscle cocultures detect muscle-relaxant action of botulinum neurotoxin A.

Post-exposure treatment of VX poisoned guinea pigs with the engineered phosphotriesterase mutant C23: a proof-of-concept study.

Reactions of methylphosphonic difluoride with human acetylcholinesterase and oximes--Possible therapeutic implications.

Development of a co-culture of keratinocytes and immune cells for in vitro investigation of cutaneous sulfur mustard toxicity.

Activation of the chemosensing transient receptor potential channel A1 (TRPA1) by alkylating agents.

In vitro and in vivo toxicological studies of V nerve agents: molecular and stereoselective aspects.

Adaptation of a dynamic in vitro model with real-time determination of butyrylcholinesterase activity in the presence of cyclosarin and an oxime.

Effect of reversible ligands on oxime-induced reactivation of sarin- and cyclosarin-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase.

Evidence of Sulfur Mustard Exposure in Human Plasma by LC-ESI-MS-MS Detection of the Albumin-Derived Alkylated HETE-CP Dipeptide and Chromatographic Investigation of Its Cis/Trans Isomerism.

Small-scale purification of butyrylcholinesterase from human plasma and implementation of a μLC-UV/ESI MS/MS method to detect its organophosphorus adducts.

Reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography-diode array detection of the bispyridinium compound MB327: plasma analysis of a potential novel antidote for the treatment of organophosphorus poisoning.

Impairment of hypoxia-induced HIF-1α signaling in keratinocytes and fibroblasts by sulfur mustard is counteracted by a selective PHD-2 inhibitor.

Repetitive obidoxime treatment induced increase of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase activity even in a late phase of a severe methamidophos poisoning: A case report.

Catalytic bioscavengers in nerve agent poisoning: A promising approach?

Investigation of the reactivation kinetics of a large series of bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase.

Kinetics of pesticide degradation by human fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in vitro.

Self-regeneration of neuromuscular function following soman and VX poisoning in spinal cord-skeletal muscle cocultures.

Botulinum toxin B increases intrinsic muscle activity in organotypic spinal cord-skeletal muscle co-cultures.

Elimination kinetics and molecular reaction mechanisms of cyclosarin (GF) by an oxime substituted β-cyclodextrin derivative in vitro.

Medical documentation, bioanalytical evidence of an accidental human exposure to sulfur mustard and general therapy recommendations.

Anesthetic actions of thiopental remain largely unaffected during cholinergic overstimulation in cultured cortical networks.

Optimization of the CULTEX(®) radial flow system for in vitro investigation of lung damaging agents.

Protective effects of the thiol compounds GSH and NAC against sulfur mustard toxicity in a human keratinocyte cell line.

Application of a dynamic in vitro model with real-time determination of acetylcholinesterase activity for the investigation of tabun analogues and oximes.

Sulfur and nitrogen mustards induce characteristic poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation responses in HaCaT keratinocytes with distinctive cellular consequences.

Immunochemical analysis of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in HaCaT keratinocytes induced by the mono-alkylating agent 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES): Impact of experimental conditions.

Epigenetic modulations in early endothelial cells and DNA hypermethylation in human skin after sulfur mustard exposure.

Optimized verification method for detection of an albumin-sulfur mustard adduct at Cys(34) using a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer after direct plasma proteolysis.

Characterization of sulfur mustard resistant keratinocyte cell line HaCaT/SM.

Alteration of miRNA expression in early endothelial cells after exposure with sub-lethal sulfur mustard concentrations.

Development of the sulfur mustard resistant keratinocyte cell line HaCaT/SM.

A novel fluorogenic probe for the investigation of free thiols: Application to kinetic measurements of acetylcholinesterase activity.

Catalytic efficiencies of directly evolved phosphotriesterase variants with structurally different organophosphorus compounds in vitro.

Editorial.

On-site analysis of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity with the ChE check mobile test kit-Determination of reference values and their relevance for diagnosis of exposure to organophosphorus compounds.

Oximes in organophosphate poisoning: 60 years of hope and despair.

Reactivation of nerve agent-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase by obidoxime, HI-6 and obidoxime+HI-6: Kinetic in vitro study with simulated nerve agent toxicokinetics and oxime pharmacokinetics.

Bispyridinium non-oximes: An evaluation of cardiac effects in isolated hearts and smooth muscle relaxing effects in jejunum.

Toxicology of organophosphorus compounds in view of an increasing terrorist threat.

Pseudocatalytic scavenging of the nerve agent VX with human blood components and the oximes obidoxime and HI-6.

Single treatment of VX poisoned guinea pigs with the phosphotriesterase mutant C23AL: Intraosseous versus intravenous injection.

Procedures for Analysis of Dried Plasma Using Microsampling Devices to Detect Sulfur Mustard-Albumin Adducts for Verification of Poisoning.

Modification of human serum albumin by the nerve agent VX: microbore liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization high-resolution time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry method for detection of phosphonylated tyrosine and novel cysteine containing disulfide adducts.

Blaptica dubia as sentinels for exposure to chemical warfare agents - a pilot study.

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine inhibits sulfur mustard-induced and TRPA1-dependent calcium influx.

S - and N-alkylating agents diminish the fluorescence of fluorescent dye-stained DNA.

Identification of novel disulfide adducts between the thiol containing leaving group of the nerve agent VX and cysteine containing tripeptides derived from human serum albumin.

Precision cut lung slices as test system for candidate therapeutics in organophosphate poisoning.

Effects of sulfur mustard on mesenchymal stem cells.

Alteration of miRNA expression in a sulfur mustard resistant cell line.

Development of a sensitive, generic and easy to use organophosphate skin disclosure kit.

N-Acetylcysteine as a chemical scavenger for sulfur mustard: New insights by mass spectrometry.

Effects of anti-inflammatory compounds on sulfur mustard injured cells: Recommendations and caveats suggested by in vitro cell culture models.

Anti-apoptotic and moderate anti-inflammatory effects of berberine in sulfur mustard exposed keratinocytes.

Zinc chloride-induced TRPA1 activation does not contribute to toxicity in vitro.

Immediate responses of the cockroach Blaptica dubia after the exposure to sulfur mustard.

Environmental exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents.

The oximes HI-6 and MMB-4 fail to reactivate soman-inhibited human and guinea pig AChE: A kinetic in vitro study.

Searching for putative binding sites of the bispyridinium compound MB327 in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

Human small bowel as a useful tool to investigate smooth muscle effects of potential therapeutics in organophosphate poisoning.

Sulfur mustard-induced epigenetic modifications over time - a pilot study.

Sulfur mustard resistant keratinocytes obtained elevated glutathione levels and other changes in the antioxidative defense mechanism.

Accidental sulfur mustard exposure: A case report.

Electrophysiological investigation of the effect of structurally different bispyridinium non-oxime compounds on human α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activity-An in vitro structure-activity analysis.

Counteracting desensitization of human α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with bispyridinium compounds as an approach against organophosphorus poisoning.

Glutathione as an antidote for sulfur mustard poisoning: Mass spectrometric investigations of its potency as a chemical scavenger.

Bioanalytical verification of V-type nerve agent exposure: simultaneous detection of phosphonylated tyrosines and cysteine-containing disulfide-adducts derived from human albumin.

Mobilization of human mesenchymal stem cells through different cytokines and growth factors after their immobilization by sulfur mustard.

Cytostatic resistance profile of the sulfur mustard resistant keratinocyte cell line HaCaT/SM.

A toolbox for microbore liquid chromatography tandem-high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of albumin-adducts as novel biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.

Novel cysteine- and albumin-adduct biomarkers to prove human poisoning with the pesticide oxydemeton-S-methyl.

New Resensitizers for the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Ligand-Based Pharmacophore Modeling.

Synthesis of a Series of Structurally Diverse MB327 Derivatives and Their Affinity Characterization at the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.

Simultaneous quantification of atropine and scopolamine in infusions of herbal tea and Solanaceae plant material by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (tandem) mass spectrometry.

Midazolam is effective to reduce cortical network activity in organotypic cultures during severe cholinergic overstimulation with soman.

Verification of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning: Detection of phosphorylated tyrosines and a cysteine-proline disulfide-adduct from human serum albumin after intoxication with dimethoate/omethoate.

Transient Receptor Potential Channel A1 (TRPA1) Regulates Sulfur Mustard-Induced Expression of Heat Shock 70 kDa Protein 6 () In Vitro.

Effect of cholinergic crisis on the potency of different emergency anaesthesia protocols in soman-poisoned rats.

Interactions between acetylcholinesterase, toxic organophosphorus compounds and a short series of structurally related non-oxime reactivators: Analysis of reactivation and inhibition kinetics in vitro.

Synthesis of a Series of Non-Symmetric Bispyridinium and Related Compounds and Their Affinity Characterization at the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.

Necrosulfonamide - Unexpected effect in the course of a sulfur mustard intoxication.

Collision-induced mass spectrometric fragmentation of protonated dimethoate and omethoate generated by electrospray ionization.

Methionine in human serum albumin: A novel target for alkylation by sulfur mustard.

A novel exposure system generating nebulized aerosol of sulfur mustard in comparison to the standard submerse exposure.

COPD and asthma therapeutics for supportive treatment in organophosphate poisoning.

Human small bowel as model for poisoning with organophosphorus compounds.

The arrhythmogenic potential of nerve agents and a cardiac safety profile of antidotes - A proof-of-concept study using human induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM).

Validation of the CULTEX® Radial Flow System for the assessment of the acute inhalation toxicity of airborne particles.

Evaluation of selective and non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors on sulfur mustard-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine formation in normal human epidermal keratinocytes.

Forensic evidence of sulfur mustard exposure in real cases of human poisoning by detection of diverse albumin-derived protein adducts.

Skin sensitizing effects of sulfur mustard and other alkylating agents in accordance to OECD guidelines.

Efficacy of an organophosphorus hydrolase enzyme (OpdA) in human serum and minipig models of organophosphorus insecticide poisoning.

Sulfur mustard alkylates steroid hormones and impacts hormone function in vitro.

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Effect of sulfur mustard on melanogenesis in vitro.

Screening of chiral shift reagents suitable to generically separate the enantiomers of V-agents by P-NMR spectroscopy.

Validation of automated pipetting systems for cell culture seeding, exposure and bio-analytical assays in sulfur mustard toxicology.

Comparison of the toxicity of sulfur mustard and its oxidation products in vitro.

Impact of soman and acetylcholine on the effects of propofol in cultured cortical networks.