determining-total-protein-bioactive-protein-concentrations-bovine

Determining Total Protein and Bioactive Protein Concentrations in Bovine Colostrum

Colostrum is a complex biological fluid produced by mammals immediately after parturition. It meets all the nutritional requirements for neonates as a ...

recombinant-production-bifidobacterial-endoglycosidases-for-n-glycan

Recombinant Production of Bifidobacterial Endoglycosidases for <em>N</em>-glycan Release

Protein glycosylation is a diverse and common post-translational modification that has been associated with many important roles such as protein function, ...

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

EndoBI-1 and EndoBI-2 are two endo-  acetylglucosaminidase isoenzymes that cleave  diacetylchitobiosyl moieties found in various types of native  -glycans. These  -glycans are indigestible by human infants and adults due to the lack of responsible glycosyl hydrolases and they act as selective prebiotics for a probiotic microorganism,  subsp  , in the large intestine. The selectivity and the thermostability of EndoBI-1 and EndoBI-2 suggest that these enzymes may be useful for many scientific and industrial applications. In this study, the growing numbers of homologous sequences in different databases were exploited in a comparative approach to investigate structural properties of EndoBI-1 and EndoBI-2 enzymes. Moreover, the complete and partial homology models of these two enzymes were generated and evaluated. Selected models were used for docking studies of the plus subsite ligand of these enzymes for further understanding on the substrate selectivity of EndoBI enzymes.

Structural insights of two novel N-acetyl-glucosaminidase enzymes through in silico methods.

Human milk is the optimal source of infant nutrition. Among many other health benefits, human milk can stimulate the development of a -rich microbiome through human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). In recent years, the development of novel formulas has placed particular focus on incorporating some of the beneficial functional properties of human milk. These include adding specific glycans aimed to selectively stimulate the growth of . However, the bifidogenicity of human milk remains unparalleled. Dietary glycans are carbohydrate structures conjugated to a wide variety of glycoproteins. These glycans have a remarkable structural similarity to HMOs and, when released, show a strong bifidogenic effect. This review discusses the biocatalytic potential of the endo-β--acetylglucosaminidase enzyme (EndoBI-1) from  subspecies , in releasing glycans inherently present in infant formula as means to increase the bifidogenicity of infant formula. Finally, the potential implications for protein deglycosylation with EndoBI-1 in the development of value added, next-generation formulas are discussed from a technical perspective.

Potential Applications of Endo-β--Acetylglucosaminidases From  Subspecies  in Designing Value-Added, Next-Generation Infant Formulas.

Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.

Hatice Duman

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Determining Total Protein and Bioactive Protein Concentrations in Bovine Colostrum

Recombinant Production of Bifidobacterial Endoglycosidases for N-glycan Release