The authors would like to thank Catherine Alford for suggestions on cell dissociation methods and Kevin Weller, David Flaherty and Brittany Matlock for support in the Flow Cytometry Shared Resource at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Melissa A. Musser for artistic assistance with illustrations. We thank Drs. Jack Mosher and Sean Morrison for advice on implementing isolation of neuronal progenitors. The VMC Flow Cytometry Shared Resource is supported by the Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center (P30 CA68485) and the Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center (P30 DK058404). This work was supported by funding from US National Institutes of Health grants DK064251, DK086594, and DK070219.

1. Preparation of Media (All steps done in tissue culture hood)
<ol>
 <li>Combine the following: 44 ml L-15 Medium, 0.5 ml 100X Penicillin/Streptomycin (P/S), 0.5 ml 100 mg/ml Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), 0.5 ml 1M HEPES, 5 ml Tissue Culture Grade Water. Be sure to mix BSA and P/S thoroughly before adding. This volume should be adequate for dissociation of up to five different tissues types. This media will be used in Step 3.4 to prepare Quenching solutions for use after enzymatic dissociation of tissue.</li>
 <li>Filte...

<ol>
	<li>Gong, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+gene+expression+atlas+of+the+central+nervous+system+based+on+bacterial+artificial+chromosomes.">A gene expression atlas of the central nervous system based on bacterial artificial chromosomes.</a> Nature. 425, 917-925 (2003).</li><li>Morrison, S. J., White, P. M., Zock, C., Anderson, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prospective+identification,+isolation+by+flow+cytometry,+and+in+vivo+self-renewal+of+multipotent+mammalian+neural+crest+stem+cells.">Prospective identification, isolation by flow cytometry, and in vivo self-renewal of multipotent mammalian neural crest stem cells.</a> Cell. 96, 737-749 (1999).</li><li>Kruger, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neural+crest+stem+cells+persist+in+the+adult+gut+but+undergo+changes+in+self-renewal,+neuronal+subtype+potential,+and+factor+responsiveness.">Neural crest stem cells persist in the adult gut but undergo changes in self-renewal, neuronal subtype potential, and factor responsiveness.</a> Neuron. 35, 657-669 (2002).</li><li>Bixby, S., Kruger, G. M., Mosher, J. T., Joseph, N. M., Morrison, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell-intrinsic+differences+between+stem+cells+from+different+regions+of+the+peripheral+nervous+system+regulate+the+generation+of+neural+diversity.">Cell-intrinsic differences between stem cells from different regions of the peripheral nervous system regulate the generation of neural diversity.</a> Neuron. 35, 643-656 (2002).</li><li>Walters, L. C., Cantrell, V. A., Weller, K. P., Mosher, J. T., Southard-Smith, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+background+impacts+developmental+potential+of+enteric+neural+crest-derived+progenitors+in+the+Sox10Dom+model+of+Hirschsprung+disease.">Genetic background impacts developmental potential of enteric neural crest-derived progenitors in the Sox10Dom model of Hirschsprung disease.</a> Human Molecular Genetics. , (2010).</li><li>Corpening, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+and+live+imaging+of+enteric+progenitors+based+on+Sox10-Histone2BVenus+transgene+expression.">Isolation and live imaging of enteric progenitors based on Sox10-Histone2BVenus transgene expression.</a> Genesis. 49, 599-618 (2011).</li><li>Morrison, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Isolation of fetal rat neural crest stem cells (NCSC) from gut and sciatic nerve. , (2012).</li><li>Skarnes, W. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+conditional+knockout+resource+for+the+genome-wide+study+of+mouse+gene+function.">A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function.</a> Nature. 474, 337-342 (2011).</li><li>Harding, S. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+GUDMAP+database--an+online+resource+for+genitourinary+research.">The GUDMAP database--an online resource for genitourinary research.</a> Development. 138, 2845-2853 (2011).</li><li>Joseph, N. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enteric+glia+are+multipotent+in+culture+but+primarily+form+glia+in+the+adult+rodent+gut.">Enteric glia are multipotent in culture but primarily form glia in the adult rodent gut.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 121, 3398-3411 (2011).</li><li>Newgreen, D. F., Murphy, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neural+crest+cell+outgrowth+cultures+and+the+analysis+of+cell+migration.">Neural crest cell outgrowth cultures and the analysis of cell migration.</a> Methods Mol. Biol. 137, 201-211 (2000).</li></ol>

No conflicts of interest declared.

Mouse reporter lines expressing fluorescent reporters are becoming widely available through multiple efforts in the murine genetics community1,8,9. As a result the dissociation method illustrated here can be widely applied for isolation of discrete neuronal subtypes based on neurotransmitter or receptor expression patterns from either fetal or adult tissues. While we have optimized this method based on expression of a fluorescent transgene reporter, it can also be applied to samples expressing cell surface rec...

The authors middle initials were omitted from the publication of <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/4188">An Optimized Procedure for Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS) Isolation of Autonomic Neural Progenitors from Visceral Organs of Fetal Mice</a>.

Erratum: An Optimized Procedure for Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS) Isolation of Autonomic Neural Progenitors from Visceral Organs of Fetal Mice

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Reagent Name</td>
 <td>Vendor</td>
 <td>Catalog number</td>
 <td>Comments</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Accumax</td>
 <td>Sigma(mfr: Innovative Cell Technologies)</td>
 <td>A7089-100ML</td>
 <td>Store frozen in 1 ml aliquots </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>DNase I</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>D-4527</td>
 <td>Stored frozen at -20 &deg;C 5 mg/ml in 1xHBSS, 
 (Used in Quench, Quench 1:5)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>10X PBS pH 7.4</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>70011-044</td>
 <td>Make up to 1x with tissue culture grade water then sterile filter</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>10X HBSS w/o Ca or Mg</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>14185-052</td>
 <td>Make up to 1x with tissue culture grade water then sterile filter</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Leibovitz's L-15 medium</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>21083027</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Penicillin /Streptomycin 100X</td>
 <td>Gibco</td>
 <td>15140-133</td>
 <td>Store aliquoted at -20 &deg;C</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>BSA</td>
 <td>Sigma</td>
 <td>A3912-100G</td>
 <td>Store aliquoted at -20 &deg;C, 100 mg/ml in water</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Biowhittaker 1M HEPES in 0.85% NaCl</td>
 <td>Lonza</td>
 <td>17-737E</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>38 &mu;m NITEX Nylon Mesh Membrane</td>
 <td>Sefar America</td>
 <td>3-38/22</td>
 <td>Cut into ~3 cm squares. UV treat overnight to sterilize in the tissue culture hood.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>7-AAD</td>
 <td>Invitrogen</td>
 <td>A1310</td>
 <td>1 mg/ml</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>TRIzol LS</td>
 <td>Invitrogen</td>
 <td>10296-028</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>5 ml polystyrene tubes</td>
 <td>Falcon</td>
 <td>352058</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>15 ml conical tubes</td>
 <td>Corning</td>
 <td>430790</td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Fine Dissecting Forceps</td>
 <td>Fine Science Instruments</td>
 <td>11251-30 </td>
 <td>Dumont#5 forcep, Dumoxel, standard tip 0.1x0.06mm </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Dissecting Spoon</td>
 <td>Fine Science Instruments</td>
 <td>10370-18 </td>
 <td>&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

an optimized procedure for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (facs) isolation of autonomic neural progenitors from visceral organs of fetal mice

During development neural crest (NC)-derived neuronal progenitors migrate away from the neural tube to form autonomic ganglia in visceral organs like the intestine and lower urinary tract. Both during development and in mature tissues these cells are often widely dispersed throughout tissues so that isolation of discrete populations using methods like laser capture micro-dissection is difficult. They can however be directly visualized by expression of fluorescent reporters driven from regulatory regions of neuron-specific genes like Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). We describe a method optimized for high yields of viable TH+ neuronal progenitors from fetal mouse visceral tissues, including intestine and lower urogenital tract (LUT), based on dissociation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). 
The Th gene encodes the rate-limiting enzyme for production of catecholamines. Enteric neuronal progenitors begin to express TH during their migration in the fetal intestine1 and TH is also present in a subset of adult pelvic ganglia neurons2-4 . The first appearance of this lineage and the distribution of these neurons in other aspects of the LUT, and their isolation has not been described. Neuronal progenitors expressing TH can be readily visualized by expression of EGFP in mice carrying the transgene construct Tg(Th-EGFP)DJ76Gsat/Mmnc1. We imaged expression of this transgene in fetal mice to document the distribution of TH+ cells in the developing LUT at 15.5 days post coitus (dpc), designating the morning of plug detection as 0.5 dpc, and observed that a subset of neuronal progenitors in the coalescing pelvic ganglia express EGFP. 
To isolate LUT TH+ neuronal progenitors, we optimized methods that were initially used to purify neural crest stem cells from fetal mouse intestine2-6. Prior efforts to isolate NC-derived populations relied upon digestion with a cocktail of collagenase and trypsin to obtain cell suspensions for flow cytometry. In our hands these methods produced cell suspensions from the LUT with relatively low viability. Given the already low incidence of neuronal progenitors in fetal LUT tissues, we set out to optimize dissociation methods such that cell survival in the final dissociates would be increased. We determined that gentle dissociation in Accumax (Innovative Cell Technologies, Inc), manual filtering, and flow sorting at low pressures allowed us to achieve consistently greater survival (&gt;70% of total cells) with subsequent yields of neuronal progenitors sufficient for downstream analysis. The method we describe can be broadly applied to isolate a variety of neuronal populations from either fetal or adult murine tissues.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Optimized Procedure for Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting FACS Isolation of Autonomic Neural Progenitors from Visceral Organs of Fetal Mice at JoVE.com

An Optimized Procedure for Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting FACS Isolation of Autonomic Neural Progenitors from Visceral Organs of Fetal Mice

An optimized procedure to purify neural crest-derived neuronal progenitors from fetal mouse tissues is described. This method takes advantage of expression from fluorescent reporter alleles to isolate discrete populations by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The technique can be applied to isolate neuronal subpopulations throughout development or from adult tissues.

An Optimized Procedure for Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS) Isolation of Autonomic Neural Progenitors from Visceral Organs of Fetal Mice

During development neural crest (NC)-derived neuronal progenitors migrate away from the neural tube to form autonomic ganglia in visceral organs like the ...

an-optimized-procedure-for-fluorescence-activated-cell-sorting-facs

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JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

13.6K ビュー.  Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. 胎児のマウス組織からの神経堤由来の神経前駆細胞を精製する最適化された手順が記載されています。このメソッドは、蛍光活性化セルソーティング（FACS）によって離散的集団を分離するために蛍光レポーター遺伝子からの発現を利用しています。技術が開発を通して、大人の組織から神経細胞集団を単離するために適用することができます。