作者は感謝して、米国空軍科学研究局、契約番号 FA9550-14-1-0128 下からの財政支援を認めます。T. l. a.、デビッド ・ ルシル Packard 財団によって部分的にサポート感謝も認めています。

試薬の MSDS を読み、あなたの機関に必要なすべての化学安全対策に従ってください。
1. Cl PProDOT と Cl PTT の沈着
<ol><li>図 1に示すように、特注鋼管気相成膜室の構造を構築します。<ol>
<li>2 インチ (外径) 石英管に融合する 1/4 インチ (内径外径) の水晶側入口。特注 U 字型 1 インチ ステンレス鋼チューブとデュワー フラスコ コールド トラップを作る。</li>
		<li>真空計とコールド トラップ ステンレス製 KF コネクタを使用した石英管を接続し、クイックコネクト カップリング。石英アンプル内単量体を置き、1/4 インチを介して管状部屋にアンプルを接続クイックコネクト カップリングとニードル バルブ。場所商工会議所でるつぼで酸化します。</li>
		<li>加熱、酸化、基板、モノマーのソースとして別の暖房のテープを使用します。必要に応じてプロセスの圧力を制御するための追加の希ガスを導入する商工会議所の右端でガス注入口を追加します。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Cl PProDOT の沈着
	<ol>
<li>モノマー アンプルで 50 mg を 3, 4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) を追加し、管状の部屋に接続します。ニードル バルブを開いてください。</li>
		<li>商工会議所の基板 (スライド ガラス、布、紙など) を置きます。基板のサイズは 1.3 cm x 2.5 cm です。</li>
		<li>5 mL のるつぼにした FeCl3の 50 mg を追加し、商工会議所に配置。 注: モノマー入口、基板、るつぼの相対位置は図 1のとおりです。るつぼモノマー入口までの距離は 13 cm です。</li>
		<li>ポンプをオンにします。ゆっくりと商工会議所の右端のバルブを閉じます。商工会議所後圧力が 525 mTorr 下 (70 Pa)、コールド トラップで液体窒素を追加。</li>
		<li>テープを暖房の 3 つの加熱ゾーンをラップして加熱テープを温度コント ローラーに接続します。</li>
		<li>処理圧力まで圧力が低下するとき (52.5 mTorr、7 Pa)、モノマー コンテナーのニードル バルブを閉じます。</li>
		<li>オキシダント、基板と 170 ° C、80 ° C、および 80 ° C でモノマーをそれぞれ加熱を開始します。~ 10 分後をした FeCl3を蒸発させ、固体赤した FeCl3クールな地域に形成されています。</li>
		<li>モノマー コンテナーのニードル バルブを開きます。 注: 基板領域に青色の薄膜が形成されます。典型的な成長率は ~ 10 nm/分確認した FeCl3蒸気がモノマー コンテナーのニードル弁を開く前に商工会議所に形成されています。さもなければ、モノマーが反応した FeCl3固体のるつぼ、酸化種のさらに蒸発を防ぐポリマー層を形成します。</li>
		<li>所望の厚さを達成するときは、モノマー コンテナーのニードル バルブを閉じます。すべて暖房テープを切り、室温にシステムを冷却します。</li>
		<li>ガス入口弁を開き、ポンプをオフにします。</li>
		<li>商工会議所のサンプルを取る。慎重にメタノール残留オキシダントとモノマーを削除する 30 分間のサンプルを浸します。 注: は、フィルム厚さが増加するにつれて増やす必要があります時間を洗浄します。100 よりも薄い膜の典型的な 30 分の洗浄はスライド ガラスの nm。500 よりも厚いフィルム nm が基板から剥離し洗浄するとき。</li>
		<li>慎重に打撃は、窒素ガスでサンプルを乾燥させます。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Cl PTT の沈着
	<ol>
<li>Thieno 50 mg を追加 [3, 2 -b] チオフェン (TT) モノマー アンプルで、管状の部屋に接続します。ニードル バルブを開いてください。</li>
		<li>1.2.2 の手順を繰り返します。1.2.12 を。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>2 Br PEDOT の堆積
<ol><li>
成膜室セットアップ
	<ol>
<li>石英管に酸化剤の追加 1/4 インチ側入口を追加し、モノマー入口から離れて 8 インチを作る。石英アンプル内液体の酸化剤を配置し、モノマー (図 2) と同じ方法鋼管室にアンプルを接続します。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Br PEDOT の沈着
	<ol>
<li>3, 4 エチレンジ (EDOT) 2 mL を加えてモノマー アンプル、アンプルを管状部屋に接続します。ニードル バルブを開いてください。</li>
		<li>モノマー蒸気入口近く管状部屋に基板 (スライド ガラス、布、紙など) を配置します。基板のサイズは 1.3 cm x 2.5 cm です。</li>
		<li>Br2の 2 mL を加えて酸化剤アンプルそしてニードル バルブにアンプルを接続発煙のフードでニードル弁を閉めください。石英管にニードル バルブを接続します。 注意:Br2は有害物質です。処理するときは、注意を使用します。</li>
		<li>ポンプをオンにします。ゆっくりと商工会議所の右端のバルブを閉じます。商工会議所後圧力が 525 mTorr 下 (70 Pa)、コールド トラップで液体窒素を追加。</li>
		<li>テープを暖房単量体領域をラップし、温度コント ローラーを接続します。常温で基板と酸化剤の領域を維持します。</li>
		<li>52.5 mTorr の処理圧力まで圧力が低下するとき (7 Pa)、酸化種のニードル バルブを開きます。 注: 反応は非常に高速です。Br2が非常に不安定ですので青 PEDOT 膜はモノマー入口近くになります。</li>
		<li>所望の厚さを達成するとき、モノマーおよびオキシダントのニードル バルブを閉じます。</li>
		<li>加熱テープを切り、部屋の温度にシステムを冷却します。</li>
		<li>ガス入口弁を開き、ポンプをオフにします。商工会議所のサンプルを取る。 注: Br2では、洗浄は必要はありません-ポリマーを添加しました。</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>

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著者が明らかに何もありません。

反応の機構は、酸化重合です。同じメカニズムを使用してポリマー コーティング方法は電解重合17を気相重合18あります。電解重合の導電性基板が必要です、制服と等角のコーティングの利点に欠けている、環境に優しくないソリューション手法19。既存蒸気相重合法はここで報告されるメソッドに似ていますが20高い揮?...

高分子を実施し、半導体材料の柔軟性1, 張出し2, 透明性低密度と34を作成するための特別な機会を提供するなどのユニークなプロパティがあります。次世代非伝統的な基板上の電子デバイス。現在、多くの研究者は柔軟性を作成する高分子材料やウェアラブルな電子機器5,6とスマートテキ7のユニークな特性の活用に努めています。ただし、共非常に織り目加工の表面および非堅牢な基板、紙や布のスレッド/糸などを塗るに能力の修得されていないままです。最も一般的に、ポリマーを合成して、解法を用いた表面のコーティングします。8,9,10,11,12解法ポリマー繊維・ テキスタイルを提供しますが、こうして得られたコーティングが多い非均一な小さな物理的な応力13,14によって簡単に破損しています。また、解決方法は問題を濡れのためコーティング紙に適用されません。
反応性蒸着法は、表面の化学組成、表面エネルギー、表面粗さ・形状15に関係なく、基板の多様な範囲の等角共役ポリマー薄膜を作成できます。このアプローチで共役ポリマーは表面にモノマーと酸化剤の蒸気を同時に提供することにより気相で合成されます。単一溶剤フリーのステップで表面で重合とフィルムの形成が発生します。このメソッドは、理論的に解決方法を使用して酸化重合により合成することができます任意の共役ポリマーに適用されます。しかし、これまでは、共役高分子の構造だけの狭いセットを堆積させるためのプロトコルが知られています。15
ここでは、導電性 poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) と poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT)、および半導体のポリの堆積を示す (thieno [3, 2 -b] チオフェン) 反応性蒸着膜 (PTT)。プロセスで使用される酸化剤、固体した FeCl3と液体 Br2の 2 種類。対応するポリマーは Cl PProDOT、Cl-PTT および Br PEDOT といいます。従来の基板、スライド ガラスと紙やタオル生地など、型破りな織り目加工基板の両方は、高分子膜でコーティングしました。
このプロトコルでは、特注の気相成膜室のセットアップおよび成膜プロセスの詳細について説明します。その成膜システムを構築し、気相合成に関連付けられている一般的な落とし穴を避けるための新しい実務を支援するものです。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene, 97%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>483028</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3,4-Propylenedioxythiophene, 97%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>660485</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene, 95%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>702668</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FeCl3, 97%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>157740</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Br2</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>207888</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

reactive vapor deposition of conjugated polymer films on arbitrary substrates

我々 は、カスタム設計の低圧チャンバーを使用して任意の基板上への導電性高分子をコーティング共のメソッドを示します。導電性ポリマー、poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) と poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT)、半導体ポリマー、ポリ (thieno [3, 2 -b] チオフェン) (PTT)、非常に乱れ型破りな上に堆積したと紙やタオル生地などの高表面積とテクスチャの基板。これは体制は、3, 4-propylenedioxythiophene、thieno など、揮発性および非揮発性モノマーを収容できるため、成膜室は以前の気相反応炉の改善報告 [3, 2 -b] チオフェン。固体と液体の両方の酸化剤の利用方法も示します。このメソッドの 1 つの制限は、洗練されたその場で膜厚モニターが欠けていることです。スピン コーティングと表面移植などの一般的に使用されるソリューション ベースのコーティング方法によって作られたポリマー コーティング、しばしば制服または機械的劣化を受けやすいです。これは、気相堆積法はそれらの欠点を克服して、共通ソリューション ベースのコーティング方法の強力な代替手段を報告しました。特に、報告方法により高分子膜が制服とマイクロ メートルのスケールでも、粗面の共形です。この機能は蒸着ポリマー柔軟かつ高い質感の基板上の電子デバイスの将来のアプリケーションのことができます。

1.3 × 2.5 cm スライド ガラス中央管に沿って離散横位置で配置の Cl PProDOT 膜の厚さを測定機 (図 3) で測定しました。伝導率は、家造られた 4 点プローブ テスト ステーションを用いた比抵抗測定値から算出しました。スライド ガラスに 100 nm 厚 Cl PProDOT 膜の導電率測定は 106 S/cm、潜在的な電極材料としてこの映画を修飾するために十分であります?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates at JoVE.com

Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

任意の基板上への共役ポリマー薄膜の反応性蒸着

本稿での反応性蒸着ポリ、poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)、poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) プロトコル (thieno [3, 2 -b] チオフェン) スライド ガラス、繊維、紙等の大まかな基板上の薄膜。

We demonstrate a method of conformally coating conjugated polymers on arbitrary substrates using a custom-designed, low-pressure reaction chamber. ...

reactive-vapor-deposition-conjugated-polymer-films-on-arbitrary

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

33.5K ビュー.  University of Wisconsin-Madison. 本稿での反応性蒸着ポリ、poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene)、poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) プロトコル (thieno [3, 2 -b] チオフェン) スライド ガラス、繊維、紙等の大まかな基板上の薄膜。

ビデオ: Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of perfluoroalkanes has long been studied for tuning the wetting properties of surfaces. For high surface area microporous materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), unique challenges present themselves for PECVD treatments. Herein the protocol for development of a MOF that was previously unstable to humid conditions is presented. The protocol describes the synthesis of Cu-BTC (also known as HKUST-1), the treatment of Cu-BTC with PECVD of perfluoroalkanes, the aging of materials under humid conditions, and the subsequent ammonia microbreakthrough experiments on milligram quantities of microporous materials. Cu-BTC has an extremely high surface area (~1,800 m2/g) when compared to most materials or surfaces that have been previously treated by PECVD methods. Parameters such as chamber pressure and treatment time are extremely important to ensure the perfluoroalkane plasma penetrates to and reacts with the inner MOF surfaces. Furthermore, the protocol for ammonia microbreakthrough experiments set forth here can be utilized for a variety of test gases and microporous materials.

Herein the procedures for plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of perfluoroalkanes on microporous materials such as metal-organic frameworks to enhance their stability and hydrophobicity are described. Furthermore, breakthrough testing of milligram quantities of samples is described in detail.

プラズマを介した疎水性有機金属フレームワークの製造は、アンモニアの除去のためにペルフルオロアルカンの化学的気相成長法を強化

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of perfluoroalkanes has long been studied for tuning the wetting properties of surfaces. For high ...

化学

Fabrication of Large-area Free-standing Ultrathin Polymer Films

This procedure describes a method for the fabrication of large-area and ultrathin free-standing polymer films. Typically, ultrathin films are prepared using either sacrificial layers, which may damage the film or affect its mechanical properties, or they are made on freshly cleaved mica, a substrate that is difficult to scale. Further, the size of ultrathin film is typically limited to a few square millimeters. In this method, we modify a surface with a polyelectrolyte that alters the strength of adhesion between polymer and deposition substrate. The polyelectrolyte can be shown to remain on the wafer using spectroscopy, and a treated wafer can be used to produce multiple films, indicating that at best minimal amounts of the polyelectrolyte are added to the film. The process has thus far been shown to be limited in scalability only by the size of the coating equipment, and is expected to be readily scalable to industrial processes. In this study, the protocol for making the solutions, preparing the deposition surface, and producing the films is described.

We describe a method for the fabrication of large-area (up to 13 cm diameter) and ultrathin (as thin as 8 nm) polymer films. Instead of using a sacrificial interlayer to delaminate the film from its substrate, we use a self-limiting surface treatment suitable for arbitrarily large areas.

大面積自立超薄ポリマーフィルムの作製

This procedure describes a method for the fabrication of large-area and ultrathin free-standing polymer films.  Typically, ultrathin films are prepared ...

Chemical Vapor Deposition of an Organic Magnet, Vanadium Tetracyanoethylene

Recent progress in the field of organic materials has yielded devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) which have advantages not found in traditional materials, including low cost and mechanical flexibility. In a similar vein, it would be advantageous to expand the use of organics into high frequency electronics and spin-based electronics. This work presents a synthetic process for the growth of thin films of the room temperature organic ferrimagnet, vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]x, x~2) by low temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The thin film is grown at &#60;60 &#176;C, and can accommodate a wide variety of substrates including, but not limited to, silicon, glass, Teflon and flexible substrates. The conformal deposition is conducive to pre-patterned and three-dimensional structures as well. Additionally this technique can yield films with thicknesses ranging from 30 nm to several microns. Recent progress in optimization of film growth creates a film whose qualities, such as higher Curie temperature (600 K), improved magnetic homogeneity, and narrow ferromagnetic resonance line-width (1.5 G) show promise for a variety of applications in spintronics and microwave electronics.

We present the synthesis of the organic-based ferrimagnet vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]x, x~2) via low temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD). This optimized recipe yields an increase in Curie temperature from 400 K to over 600 K and a dramatic improvement in magnetic resonance properties.

有機マグネットの化学気相堆積、バナジウムテトラ

Recent progress in the field of organic materials has yielded devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) which have advantages not found in ...

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in combination with their outstanding thermal and chemical stability, and low densities. However, their insoluble nature causes problems in their processing since usually applied techniques such as spin coating are not available. Especially for membrane applications, where the processing of CMP as thin films is desirable, the processing problems have hindered their commercial application.
Here we describe the interfacial synthesis of CMP thin films on functionalized substrates via molecular layer-by-layer (l-b-l) synthesis. This process allows the preparation of films with desired thickness and composition and even desired composition gradients.
The use of sacrificial supports allows the preparation of freestanding membranes by dissolution of the support after the synthesis. To handle such ultra-thin freestanding membranes the protection with sacrificial coatings showed great promise, to avoid rupture of the nanomembranes. To transfer the nanomembranes to the desired substrate, the coated membranes are upfloated at the air-liquid interface and then transferred via dip coating.

In this paper we describe the interfacial synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers (CMP) on sacrificial substrates, and the dissolution of the substrate for the preparation of freestanding CMP nanomembranes. In addition, we will describe how the fragile nanomembranes can be transferred to other substrates.

層ごとの合成と自立共役高分子ナノ薄膜マイクロポーラスの譲渡

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in ...

Preparation of Macroporous Epitaxial Quartz Films on Silicon by Chemical Solution Deposition

This work describes the detailed protocol for preparing piezoelectric macroporous epitaxial quartz films on silicon(100) substrates. This is a three-step process based on the preparation of a sol in a one-pot synthesis which is followed by the deposition of a gel film on Si(100) substrates by evaporation induced self-assembly using the dip-coating technique and ends with a thermal treatment of the material to induce the gel crystallization and the growth of the quartz film. The formation of a silica gel is based on the reaction of a tetraethyl orthosilicate and water, catalyzed by HCl, in ethanol. However, the solution contains two additional components that are essential for preparing mesoporous epitaxial quartz films from these silica gels dip-coated on Si. Alkaline earth ions, like Sr2+ act as glass melting agents that facilitate the crystallization of silica and in combination with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) amphiphilic template form a phase separation responsible of the macroporosity of the films. The good matching between the quartz and silicon cell parameters is also essential in the stabilization of quartz over other SiO2 polymorphs and is at the origin of the epitaxial growth.

A protocol is presented for the preparation of piezoelectric macroporous epitaxial films of quartz on silicon by solution chemistry using dip-coating and thermal treatments in air.

化学溶液法によるシリコン上のマクロポーラスエピタキシャル石英薄膜の作製

This work describes the detailed protocol for preparing piezoelectric macroporous epitaxial quartz films on silicon(100) substrates. This is a three-step ...

Capillary Electrophoresis to Monitor Peptide Grafting onto Chitosan Films in Real Time

Free-solution capillary electrophoresis (CE) separates analytes, generally charged compounds in solution through the application of an electric field. Compared to other analytical separation techniques, such as chromatography, CE is cheap, robust and effectively requires no sample preparation (for a number of complex natural matrices or polymeric samples). CE is fast and can be used to follow the evolution of mixtures in real time (e.g., chemical reaction kinetics), as the signals observed for the separated compounds are directly proportional to their quantity in solution.
Here, the efficiency of CE is demonstrated for monitoring the covalent grafting of peptides onto chitosan films for subsequent biomedical applications. Chitosan&#39;s antimicrobial and biocompatible properties make it an attractive material for biomedical applications such as cell growth substrates. Covalently grafting the peptide RGDS (arginine - glycine - aspartic acid - serine) onto the surface of chitosan films aims at improving cell attachment. Historically, chromatography and amino acid analysis have been used to provide a direct measurement of the amount of grafted peptide. However, the fast separation and absence of sample preparation provided by CE enables equally accurate yet real-time monitoring of the peptide grafting process. CE is able to separate and quantify the different components of the reaction mixture: the (non-grafted) peptide and the chemical coupling agents. In this way the use of CE results in improved films for downstream applications.
The chitosan films were characterized through solid-state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. This technique is more time-consuming and cannot be applied in real time, but yields a direct measurement of the peptide and thus validates the CE technique.

Free solution capillary electrophoresis is a fast, cheap and robust analytical method that enables the quantitative monitoring of chemical reactions in real time. Its utility for rapid, convenient and precise analysis is demonstrated here through analysis of covalent peptide grafting onto chitosan films for improved cell adhesion.

リアルタイムでのキトサンフィルム上にペプチドグラフトを監視するためのキャピラリー電気泳動

Free-solution capillary electrophoresis (CE) separates analytes, generally charged compounds in solution through the application of an electric field. ...

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Organo-lead halide perovskites have recently attracted great interest for potential applications in thin-film photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Herein, we present a protocol for the fabrication of this material via the low-pressure vapor assisted solution process (LP-VASP) method, which yields ~19% power conversion efficiency in planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. First, we report the synthesis of methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I) and methylammonium bromide (CH3NH3Br) from methylamine and the corresponding halide acid (HI or HBr). Then, we describe the fabrication of pinhole-free, continuous methylammonium-lead halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbX3 with X = I, Br, Cl and their mixture) films with the LP-VASP. This process is based on two steps: i) spin-coating of a homogenous layer of lead halide precursor onto a substrate, and ii) conversion of this layer to CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx by exposing the substrate to vapors of a mixture of CH3NH3I and CH3NH3Br at reduced pressure and 120 &#176;C. Through slow diffusion of the methylammonium halide vapor into the lead halide precursor, we achieve slow and controlled growth of a continuous, pinhole-free perovskite film. The LP-VASP allows synthetic access to the full halide composition space in CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx with 0&#160;&#8804; x&#160;&#8804; 3. Depending on the composition of the vapor phase, the bandgap can be tuned between 1.6 eV&#160;&#8804; Eg&#160;&#8804; 2.3 eV. In addition, by varying the composition of the halide precursor and of the vapor phase, we can also obtain CH3NH3PbI3-xClx. Films obtained from the LP-VASP are reproducible, phase pure as confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements, and show high photoluminescence quantum yield. The process does not require the use of a glovebox.

Here, we present a protocol for the synthesis of CH3NH3I and CH3NH3Br precursors and the subsequent formation of pinhole-free, continuous CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx thin films for the application in high efficiency solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

可変バンド ギャップ ピンホール フリー メチル鉛ハライド ペロブスカイト薄膜の低圧蒸気支援ソリューション プロセス

Organo-lead halide perovskites have recently attracted great interest for potential applications in thin-film photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Herein, ...

Aerosol-assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Oxide Structures: Zinc Oxide Rods

Whilst columnar zinc oxide (ZnO) structures in the form of rods or wires have been synthesized previously by different liquid- or vapor-phase routes, their high cost production and/or incompatibility with microfabrication technologies, due to the use of pre-deposited catalyst-seeds and/or high processing temperatures exceeding 900 &#176;C, represent a drawback for a widespread use of these methods. Here, however, we report the synthesis of ZnO rods via a non-catalyzed vapor-solid mechanism enabled by using an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at 400 &#176;C with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as the precursor and ethanol as the carrier solvent. This method provides both single-step formation of ZnO rods and the possibility of their direct integration with various substrate types, including silicon, silicon-based micromachined platforms, quartz, or high heat resistant polymers. This potentially facilitates the use of this method at a large-scale, due to its compatibility with state-of-the-art microfabrication processes for device manufacture. This report also describes the properties of these structures (e.g., morphology, crystalline phase, optical band gap, chemical composition, electrical resistance) and validates its gas sensing functionality towards carbon monoxide.

Columnar zinc oxide structures in the form of rods are synthesized via aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition without the use of pre-deposited catalyst-seed particles. This method is scalable and compatible with various substrates based on either silicon, quartz or polymers.

エアロゾルによる金属酸化物の構造の化学蒸着: 酸化亜鉛棒

Whilst columnar zinc oxide (ZnO) structures in the form of rods or wires have been synthesized previously by different liquid- or vapor-phase routes, ...

Monitoring the Effects of Illumination on the Structure of Conjugated Polymer Gels Using Neutron Scattering

We demonstrate a protocol to effectively monitor the gelation process of a high concentration solution of conjugated polymer both in the presence and absence of white light exposure. By instituting a controlled temperature ramp, the gelation of these materials can be precisely monitored as they proceed through this structural evolution, which effectively mirrors the conditions experienced during the solution deposition phase of organic electronic device fabrication. Using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultra-small angle neutron scattering (USANS) along with appropriate fitting protocols we quantify the evolution of select structural parameters throughout this process. Thorough analysis indicates that continued light exposure throughout the gelation process significantly alters the structure of the ultimately formed gel. Specifically, the aggregation process of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) nano-scale aggregates is negatively affected by the presence of illumination, ultimately resulting in the retardation of growth in conjugated polymer microstructures and the formation of smaller scale macro-aggregate clusters.

A protocol for the analysis of gels formed from the optoelectronic conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) using small and ultra-small angle neutron scattering in both the presence and absence of illumination is presented.

中性子散乱法を用いた共役高分子ゲルの構造に対する光照射効果のモニタリング

We demonstrate a protocol to effectively monitor the gelation process of a high concentration solution of conjugated polymer both in the presence and ...

Raman and IR Spectroelectrochemical Methods as Tools to Analyze Conjugated Organic Compounds

In the presented work, two spectroelectrochemical techniques are discussed as tools for the analysis of the structural changes occurring in the molecule on the vibrational level of energy. Raman and IR spectroelectrochemistry can be used for advanced characterization of the structural changes in the organic electroactive compounds. Here, the step-by-step analysis by means of Raman and IR spectroelectrochemistry is shown. Raman and IR spectroelectrochemical techniques provide complementary information about structural changes occurring during an electrochemical process, i.e. allows for the investigation of redox processes and their products. The examples of IR and Raman spectroelectrochemical analysis are presented, in which the products of the redox reactions, both in solution and solid state, are identified.

A protocol of step-by-step Raman and IR spectroelectrochemical analysis is presented.

ラマン散乱とツールとしての IR 分光電気化学法共役有機化合物を分析するには

In the presented work, two spectroelectrochemical techniques are discussed as tools for the analysis of the structural changes occurring in the molecule ...