このプロジェクト資金が供給されたネブラスカ大学医療センター (スタートアップ資金、MC S);5P20GM103480、NIH COBRE (T. Bronich) とアメリカの化学社会、PRF # 57434-DNI7(MC-S)。

<ol>
	<li>Cui, H., Pashuck, E. T., Velichko, Y. S., Weigand, S. J., Cheetham, A. G., Newcomb, C. J., Stupp, S. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spontaneous+and+x-ray-triggered+crystallization+at+long+range+in+self-assembling+filament+networks.">Spontaneous and x-ray-triggered crystallization at long range in self-assembling filament networks.</a> Science. 327, 555-559 (2010).</li><li>Pashuck, E. T., Cui, H., Stupp, S. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tuning+supramolecular+rigidity+of+peptide+fibers+through+molecular+structure.">Tuning supramolecular rigidity of peptide fibers through molecular structure.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132, 6041-6046 (2010).</li><li>Stupp, S. I., Zha, R. H., Palmer, L. 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I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Design+of+biomolecules+for+nanoengineered+biomaterials+for+regenerative+medicine.">Design of biomolecules for nanoengineered biomaterials for regenerative medicine.</a> Nanotechnology in Regenerative Medicine. , 39-49 (2012).</li><li>Samad, M. B., Chhonker, Y. S., Contreras, J. I., McCarthy, A., McClanahan, M. M., Murry, D. J., Conda-Sheridan, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Developing+Polyamine-Based+Peptide+Amphiphiles+with+Tunable+Morphology+and+Physicochemical+Properties.">Developing Polyamine-Based Peptide Amphiphiles with Tunable Morphology and Physicochemical Properties.</a> Macromolecular bioscience. 17, (2017).</li><li>Nel, A. E., M&#228;dler, L., Velegol, D., Xia, T., Hoek, E. M., Somasundaran, P., Klaessig, F., Castranova, V., Thompson, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+biophysicochemical+interactions+at+the+nano-bio+interface.">Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano-bio interface.</a> Nature Materials. 8, 543 (2009).</li><li>Gujrati, M., Malamas, A., Shin, T., Jin, E., Sun, Y., Lu, Z. -. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multifunctional+cationic+lipid-based+nanoparticles+facilitate+endosomal+escape+and+reduction-triggered+cytosolic+siRNA+release.">Multifunctional cationic lipid-based nanoparticles facilitate endosomal escape and reduction-triggered cytosolic siRNA release.</a> Molecular Pharmaceutics. 11, 2734-2744 (2014).</li><li>Zhu, Y., Li, J., Kanvinde, S., Lin, Z., Hazeldine, S., Singh, R. K., Oupicky&#769;, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Self-immolative+polycations+as+gene+delivery+vectors+and+prodrugs+targeting+polyamine+metabolism+in+cancer.">Self-immolative polycations as gene delivery vectors and prodrugs targeting polyamine metabolism in cancer.</a> Molecular Pharmaceutics. 12, 332-341 (2014).</li><li>Planas-Portell, J., Gallart, M., Tiburcio, A. F., Altabella, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Copper-containing+amine+oxidases+contribute+to+terminal+polyamine+oxidation+in+peroxisomes+and+apoplast+of+Arabidopsis+thaliana.">Copper-containing amine oxidases contribute to terminal polyamine oxidation in peroxisomes and apoplast of Arabidopsis thaliana.</a> BMC Plant Biology. 13, 109 (2013).</li><li>Nash, I. A., Bycroft, B. W., Chan, W. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dde+-+A+selective+primary+amine+protecting+group:+A+facile+solid+phase+synthetic+approach+to+polyamine+conjugates.">Dde - A selective primary amine protecting group: A facile solid phase synthetic approach to polyamine conjugates.</a> Tetrahedron Letters. 37, 2625-2628 (1996).</li><li>Ralhan, K., KrishnaKumar, V. G., Gupta, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Piperazine+and+DBU:+a+safer+alternative+for+rapid+and+efficient+Fmoc+deprotection+in+solid+phase+peptide+synthesis.">Piperazine and DBU: a safer alternative for rapid and efficient Fmoc deprotection in solid phase peptide synthesis.</a> RSC Advances. 5, 104417-104425 (2015).</li><li>Casero, R. A., Marton, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeting+polyamine+metabolism+and+function+in+cancer+and+other+hyperproliferative+diseases.">Targeting polyamine metabolism and function in cancer and other hyperproliferative diseases.</a> Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 6, 373 (2007).</li><li>Wuts, P. G. M., Greene, T. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Protection for the Amino Group. In Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis. , 696-926 (2006).</li><li>Palasek, S. A., Cox, Z. J., Collins, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Limiting+racemization+and+aspartimide+formation+in+microwave-enhanced+Fmoc+solid+phase+peptide+synthesis.">Limiting racemization and aspartimide formation in microwave-enhanced Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis.</a> Journal of Peptide Science. 13, 143-148 (2007).</li></ol>

著者は宣言する利害の衝突があります。

ここで説明されているプロトコルは、Ppa の PAs として井戸と関連ペプチドを用いた分子 (ハイブリッド PA ペプチド) などを合成する使用ことができます。によるペプチドの合成では、簡単な手順ですが、生体ホーミングの分子を含むペプチドの合成が特に困難になることができます。スペルミン、スペルミジン、diethyelenetriamine等のようなポリアミンは、対象化、がん細胞1...

自己組織化ペプチド両親媒性物質 (PAs) は、通常次のセグメントから成る生体材料のクラス: (a) 親水性頭部、(b) リンカーの地域、および (c) 疎水性尾。文献で説明されているほとんどの PAs では、あるいは極性アミノ酸残基1,2,3,4から成る親水性頭部を所有しています。PAs は、ドラッグデリバリー、病気診断、再生医療など5など生物医学アプリケーションの広い範囲を発見しました。そのアミノ酸配列に基づく、PAs は、ナノ球状ミセル ナノ フィラメントなどのさまざまなを形成できます。我々 は最近のハイブリッド ポリアミンによるペプチド媒、Ppa の6と呼ばれるクラスを報告しています。その混ぜ合わせたヘッド グループに関連する形態、自己組織化の動力学、これら生体の代謝の分解が見つかりました。また、PPA ナノ構造はテストされた濃度で哺乳類細胞 (MiaPaCa2、HeLa 細胞線) に向けて毒性を示さなかった。PPA ベース ナノキャリアは、魅力的なドラッグデリバリー車: (1) ポリアミン吸収及び代謝は癌細胞で増加する示されている、(2) カチオン性ナノ構造体はエンドソーム脱出7、8を達成することが高い循環と、セルと PA; と比較して異なる代謝プロファイルが必要 (3) 内にあるレジデンスにつながるたとえば、彼らは人間の体は、プロテアーゼの方安定する (ただし彼らのアミン酸化酵素など、他の酵素に多分敏感)9,10。また、Ppa は、多様な形態と物理化学的特性、ナノ粒子剛性、および長さと個々 の PPA 分子6の料金に応じてアセンブリ動態に発見されています。ここで、合成、識別、そして PAs 又は同様のハイブリッド ペプチド分子の調製にも適用できる Ppa の浄化のための詳しいプロトコルについて述べる。
ポリアミンが市販の保護されたフォームで一般的でないため、記載されているアミノ酸と他の分子、それらの活用の大切はポリアミンの第一次および二次アミンを保護するため、合成ステップの保護を達成するために。このプロトコルの全体的な目標は、アミノ酸にポリアミンの活用の簡単な方法を提供します。ポリアミンがないカルボン酸官能基;したがって、スケート リンク アミドまたは王樹脂に結合されることはできません。代わりに、2 chlorotrityl 塩化物などの樹脂は合成プロトコルに適しています。PPA 合成の主な課題は、第一次および二次アミン官能基の存在です。我々 の目的はカップリング反応を許可する無料のポリアミンをプライマリのアミノ グループを維持しながら、ポリアミンの第二級アミンを保護されています。反応は、各結合と脱保護手順の後仕事を容易にするために固相ペプチド合成 (SPP) の原則に従ってしっかりサポートで行われました。次のプロトコルは、Ppa の手動および自動合成 (ただし、いくつかの手順の検証は自動化されたシステムに挑戦すること) です。自動化されたシンセサイザーまたはマイクロ ウェーブ合成装置の助けを借りて、これらの分子の合成することができますアウト実施も (自動または半自動)。反応機構は、図 1に要約されています。
<img alt="Figure 1" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/57908/57908fig1.jpg"> 図 1:(A) A の一般的な反応スキーム Ppa の合成。ために使用することができます (B) の代表的なポリアミン合成 Ppa のここで説明します。<a href="/files/ftp_upload/57908/57908fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">この図の拡大版を表示するのにはここをクリックしてください</a>。

<table><tbody><tr><td>2-Chlorotrityl chloride resin&amp;nbsp;</td><td>AappTec</td><td>RTZ001</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>SynthwareTM synthesis vessel&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Aldrich</td><td>SYNP120050M</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dichloromethane</td><td>Acros</td><td>AC406920250</td><td>Fisher Sci. Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>Wrist Shaker</td><td>Boekel Scientific</td><td>401000-2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kaiser test kit</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>60017</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2-[(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohex-1-ylidene)ethyl-amino]-ethanol</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CDS004772</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anhydrous Methanol</td><td>Acros</td><td>AC610981000</td><td>Fisher Sci. Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>Chloranil test kit</td><td>TCI</td><td>TCC1771-KIT</td><td>VWR Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>Di-tert butyl di-carbonate&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Acros</td><td>AC194670250</td><td>Fisher Sci. Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>Dimethylformamide</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>BP1160-4</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hydrazine</td><td>Acros</td><td>AC296815000</td><td>FIsher Sci. Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>(2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate)</td><td>p3biosystems</td><td>31001</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4-methyl piperidine&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Acros</td><td>AC127515000</td><td>FIsher Sci. Catalogue #</td></tr><tr><td>Trifluoroacetic Acid</td><td>AappTec</td><td>CXZ035</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Triisopropyl Silane</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>233781</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ether</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>E138-1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>&amp;alpha;-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>C8982</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9-Aminoacridine</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>92817</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fisherbrand&amp;nbsp;Syringe Filters: PTFE Membrane</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>09-730-21</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

facile protocol for the synthesis of self-assembling polyamine-based peptide amphiphiles (ppas) and related biomaterials

ポリアミンによるペプチド両親媒性 (Ppa の) は、自己組織化両親媒性ペプチド両親媒性物質 (PAs) に生体材料関連の新しいクラスです。伝統的な PAs では、荷電アミノ酸 (リジン、アルギニン)、脂質セグメントに直接接続されている、または中性のアミノ酸のリンカー領域を含めることができますグループを可として所有しています。PAs のペプチッド シーケンスのチューニングは多様な形態をもたらすことができます。同様に、Ppa は疎水性セグメントと中性アミノ酸を有するがまた水 (親水性) グループを可としてポリアミンの分子が含まれています。PAs の場合と同様に、Ppa を小さな棒、ツイスト ナノリボンと融合ナノ-シート、水に溶けるなどを含む、多様な形態に自己組み立てるもできます。ただし、単一のポリアミンの分子にプライマリとセカンダリの両方のアミンの存在は、Ppa を合成する場合、重要な課題を生じます。本稿では Ppa の固相ペプチド合成 (SPP) を使用しての簡易合成を達成するために、文献の判例に基づく単純なプロトコルを紹介します。このプロトコルは、PAs と他の類似システムの合成を拡張できます。また樹脂や同定、精製から胸の谷間に必要な手順を示します。

合成・精製と物理化学的または生物学的評価の前は、Ppa の大衆は純度確認分析 HPLC を用いて、再チェックをお勧めします。材料解析または生物学的評価、Ppa の必要がありますの純度 > 95%。図 2は、HPLC トレース (上) と MALDI スペクトル (下) 製品の存在を確認することを示します。高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析システム (AUC) 曲線の下の領域を...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials at JoVE.com

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials

両親媒性ペプチドのポリアミン ベース (Ppa の) の合成は、これらの事後対応型の機能をマスクするグループを保護するための賢明な使用を必要とする複数のアミン窒素の存在のために重要な課題です。本稿では自己組織化分子のこれらの新しいクラスの準備のための安易な方法をについて説明します。

自己組織化ペプチドのポリアミンによる両親媒性物質 (Ppa の) と関連生体材料の合成のための安易なプロトコル

Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) are a new class of self-assembling amphiphilic biomaterials-related to the peptide amphiphiles (PAs). ...

facile-protocol-for-synthesis-self-assembling-polyamine-based-peptide

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials

8.0K ビュー.  University of Nebraska Medical Center. 両親媒性ペプチドのポリアミン ベース (Ppa の) の合成は、これらの事後対応型の機能をマスクするグループを保護するための賢明な使用を必要とする複数のアミン窒素の存在のために重要な課題です。本稿では自己組織化分子のこれらの新しいクラスの準備のための安易な方法をについて説明します。

ビデオ: Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity

This protocol describes the manual solid-phase synthesis of linear peptoids that contain two differently functionalized cationic monomers. In this procedure amino functionalized 'lysine' and guanido functionalized 'arginine' peptoid monomers can be included within the same peptoid sequence. This procedure uses on-resin (N-(1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)ethyl) or Dde protection, orthogonal conditions to the Boc protection of lysine monomers. Subsequent deprotection allows an efficient on-resin guanidinylation reaction to form the arginine residues. The procedure is compatible with the commonly used submonomer method of peptoid synthesis, allowing simple peptoids to be made using common laboratory equipment and commercially available reagents. The representative synthesis, purification and characterization of two mixed peptoids is described. The evaluation of these compounds as potential anti-infectives in screening assays against Leishmania mexicana is also described. The protozoan parasite L. mexicana is a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease that affects up to 12 million people worldwide.

A protocol to synthesize peptoids with mixed cationic functionality in the same sequence is presented (lysine- and arginine-type monomers). Subsequent testing of these compounds against Leishmania mexicana, the protozoan parasites that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis, is also described.

混合リジン型/アルギニン型モノマーおよびそれらの抗リーシュマニア活性の評価とペプトイドの合成のための効率的な方法

This protocol describes the manual solid-phase synthesis of linear peptoids that contain two differently functionalized cationic monomers. In this ...

生化学

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

In nature, complex functional structures are formed by the self-assembly of biomolecules under mild conditions. Understanding the forces that control self-assembly and mimicking this process in vitro will bring about major advances in the areas of materials science and nanotechnology. Among the available biological building blocks, peptides have several advantages as they present substantial diversity, their synthesis in large scale is straightforward, and they can easily be modified with biological and chemical entities1,2. Several classes of designed peptides such as cyclic peptides, amphiphile peptides and peptide-conjugates self-assemble into ordered structures in solution. Homoaromatic dipeptides, are a class of short self-assembled peptides that contain all the molecular information needed to form ordered structures such as nanotubes, spheres and fibrils3-8. A large variety of these peptides is commercially available.
This paper presents a procedure that leads to the formation of ordered structures by the self-assembly of homoaromatic peptides. The protocol requires only commercial reagents and basic laboratory equipment. In addition, the paper describes some of the methods available for the characterization of peptide-based assemblies. These methods include electron and atomic force microscopy and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Moreover, the manuscript demonstrates the blending of peptides (coassembly) and the formation of a &#34;beads on a string&#34;-like structure by this process.9 The protocols presented here can be adapted to other classes of peptides or biological building blocks and can potentially lead to the discovery of new peptide-based structures and to better control of their assembly.

This paper describes the formation of highly ordered peptide-based structures by the spontaneous process of self-assembly. The method utilizes commercially available peptides and common lab equipment. This technique can be applied to a large variety of peptides and may lead to the discovery of new peptide-based assemblies.

短いペプチドの自己組織化によって順序付け生体分子構造の形成

In nature, complex functional structures are formed by the self-assembly of biomolecules under mild conditions. Understanding the forces that control ...

化学

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

Peptidomimetics are great sources of protein ligands. The oligomeric nature of these compounds enables us to access large synthetic libraries on solid phase by using combinatorial chemistry. One of the most well studied classes of peptidomimetics is peptoids. Peptoids are easy to synthesize and have been shown to be proteolysis-resistant and cell-permeable. Over the past decade, many useful protein ligands have been identified through screening of peptoid libraries. However, most of the ligands identified from peptoid libraries do not display high affinity, with rare exceptions. This may be due, in part, to the lack of chiral centers and conformational constraints in peptoid molecules. Recently, we described a new synthetic route to access peptide tertiary amides (PTAs). PTAs are a superfamily of peptidomimetics that include but are not limited to peptides, peptoids and N-methylated peptides. With side chains on both &#945;-carbon and main chain nitrogen atoms, the conformation of these molecules are greatly constrained by sterical hindrance and allylic 1,3 strain. (Figure 1) Our study suggests that these PTA molecules are highly structured in solution and can be used to identify protein ligands. We believe that these molecules can be a future source of high-affinity protein ligands. Here we describe the synthetic method combining the power of both split-and-pool and sub-monomer strategies to synthesize a sample one-bead one-compound (OBOC) library of PTAs.

Peptide tertiary amides (PTAs) are a superfamily of peptidomimetics that include but are not limited to peptides, peptoids and N-methylated peptides. Here we describe a synthetic method which combines&#160;both split-and-pool and sub-monomer strategies to synthesize a one-bead one-compound library of PTAs.

ペプチド第三級アミドライブラリのスプリット·アンド·プールの合成とキャラクタリゼーション

Peptidomimetics are great sources of protein ligands. The oligomeric nature of these compounds enables us to access large synthetic libraries on solid ...

Solid-phase Submonomer Synthesis of Peptoid Polymers and their Self-Assembly into Highly-Ordered Nanosheets

Peptoids are a novel class of biomimetic, non-natural, sequence-specific heteropolymers that resist proteolysis, exhibit potent biological activity, and fold into higher order nanostructures. Structurally similar to peptides, peptoids are poly N-substituted glycines, where the side chains are attached to the nitrogen rather than the alpha-carbon. Their ease of synthesis and structural diversity allows testing of basic design principles to drive de novo design and engineering of new biologically-active and nanostructured materials.
Here, a simple manual peptoid synthesis protocol is presented that allows the synthesis of long chain polypeptoids ( up to 50mers) in excellent yields. Only basic equipment, simple techniques (e.g. liquid transfer, filtration), and commercially available reagents are required, making peptoids an accessible addition to many researchers' toolkits. The peptoid backbone is grown one monomer at a time via the submonomer method which consists of a two-step monomer addition cycle: acylation and displacement. First, bromoacetic acid activated in situ with N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide acylates a resin-bound secondary amine. Second, nucleophilic displacement of the bromide by a primary amine follows to introduce the side chain. The two-step cycle is iterated until the desired chain length is reached. The coupling efficiency of this two-step cycle routinely exceeds 98% and enables the synthesis of peptoids as long as 50 residues. Highly tunable, precise and chemically diverse sequences are achievable with the submonomer method as hundreds of readily available primary amines can be directly incorporated.
 
Peptoids are emerging as a versatile biomimetic material for nanobioscience research because of their synthetic flexibility, robustness, and ordering at the atomic level. The folding of a single-chain, amphiphilic, information-rich polypeptoid into a highly-ordered nanosheet was recently demonstrated. This peptoid is a 36-mer that consists of only three different commercially available monomers: hydrophobic, cationic and anionic. The hydrophobic phenylethyl side chains are buried in the nanosheet core whereas the ionic amine and carboxyl side chains align on the hydrophilic faces. The peptoid nanosheets serve as a potential platform for membrane mimetics, protein mimetics, device fabrication, and sensors. Methods for peptoid synthesis, sheet formation, and microscopy imaging are described and provide a simple method to enable future peptoid nanosheet designs.

A simple and general manual peptoid synthesis method involving basic equipment and commercially available reagents is outlined, enabling peptoids to be easily synthesized in most laboratories. The synthesis, purification and characterization of an amphiphilic peptoid 36mer is described, as well as its self-assembly into highly-ordered nanosheets.

高秩序のナノシートにペプトイドポリマーおよびそれらの自己組織化の固相Submonomer合成

Peptoids are a novel class of biomimetic, non-natural, sequence-specific heteropolymers that resist proteolysis, exhibit potent biological activity, and ...

生物工学

Synthesis and Characterization of 1,2-Dithiolane Modified Self-Assembling Peptides

This report focuses on the synthesis of an N-terminus 1,2-dithiolane modified self-assembling peptide and the characterization of the resulting self-assembled supramolecular structures. The synthetic route takes advantage of solid-phase peptide synthesis with the on-resin coupling of the dithiolane precursor molecule, 3-(acetylthio)-2-(acetylthiomethyl)propanoic acid, and the microwave-assisted thioacetate deprotection of the peptide N-terminus before final cleavage from the resin to yield the 1,2-dithiolane modified peptide. After the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification of the 1,2-dithiolane peptide, derived from the nucleating core of the A&#946; peptide associated with Alzheimer&#39;s disease, the peptide is shown to self-assemble into cross-&#946; amyloid fibers. Protocols to characterize the amyloid fibers by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are presented. The methods of N-terminal modification with a 1,2-dithiolane moiety to well-characterized self-assembling peptides can now be explored as model systems to develop post-assembly modification strategies and explore dynamic covalent chemistry on supramolecular peptide nanofiber surfaces.

A protocol for the synthesis of a 1,2-dithiolane modified peptide and the characterization of the supramolecular structures resulting from the peptide self-assembly.

1, 2-ジチオランの合成とキャラクタリゼーション自己組織化ペプチド

This report focuses on the synthesis of an N-terminus 1,2-dithiolane modified self-assembling peptide and the characterization of the resulting ...

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

This protocol presents the use of Lewis acidic multi-role reagents to circumvent kinetic trapping observed during the self-assembly of information-encoded oligomeric strands mediated by paired dynamic covalent interactions in a manner mimicking the thermal cycling commonly employed for the self-assembly of complementary nucleic acid sequences. Primary amine monomers bearing aldehyde and amine pendant moieties are functionalized with orthogonal protecting groups for use as dynamic covalent reactant pairs. Using a modified automated peptide synthesizer, the primary amine monomers are encoded into oligo(peptoid) strands through solid-phase submonomer synthesis. Upon purification by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterization by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), sequence-specific oligomers are subjected to high-loading of a Lewis acidic rare-earth metal triflate which both deprotects the aldehyde moieties and affects the reactant pair equilibrium such that strands completely dissociate. Subsequently, a fraction of the Lewis acid is extracted, enabling annealing of complementary sequence-specific strands to form information-encoded molecular ladders characterized by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The simple procedure outlined in this report circumvents kinetic traps commonly experienced in the field of dynamic covalent assembly and serves as a platform for the future design of robust, complex architectures.

A protocol is presented for the synthesis of information-encoded peptoid oligomers and for the sequence-directed self-assembly of these peptoids into molecular ladders using amines and aldehydes as dynamic covalent reactant pairs and Lewis acidic rare-earth metal triflates as multi-role reagents.

情報を持つペプトイドの合成と、その配列指向動的共有自己集合

This protocol presents the use of Lewis acidic multi-role reagents to circumvent kinetic trapping observed during the self-assembly of information-encoded ...

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center

In recent years, cyclic peptides have attracted increasing attention in the field of drug discovery due to their excellent biological activities, and, as a consequence, they are now used clinically. It is, therefore, critical to seek effective strategies for synthesizing cyclic peptides to promote their application in the field of drug discovery. This paper reports a detailed protocol for the efficient synthesis of cyclic peptides using on-resin or intramolecular (intermolecular) bisalkylation. Using this protocol, linear peptides were synthesized by taking advantage of solid-phase peptide synthesis with cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met) coupled simultaneously on the resin. Further, cyclic peptides were synthesized via bisalkylation between Met and Cys using a tunable tether and an on-tether sulfonium center. The whole synthetic route can be divided into three major processes: the deprotection of Cys on the resin, the coupling of the linker, and the cyclization between Cys and Met in a trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) cleavage solution. Furthermore, inspired by the reactivity of the sulfonium center, a propargyl group was attached to the Met to trigger thiol-yne addition and form a cyclic peptide. After that, the crude peptides were dried and dissolved in acetonitrile, separated, and then purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The molecular weight of the cyclic peptide was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and the stability of the cyclic peptide combination with the reductant was further confirmed using HPLC. In addition, the chemical shift in the cyclic peptide was analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra. Overall, this protocol aimed to establish an effective strategy for synthesizing cyclic peptides.

This protocol presents the synthesis of cyclic peptides via bisalkylation between cysteine and methionine and the facile thiol-yne reaction triggered by the propargyl sulfonium center.

オンテザースルホニウム中心を用いた環状ペプチドの構築

In recent years, cyclic peptides have attracted increasing attention in the field of drug discovery due to their excellent biological activities, and, as ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body> ペプチドハイドロゲル:ECF-5の環境応答性ゲル化法

Preparation of Mechanically Stable Self-Assembled Peptides Hydrogels

Peptide hydrogels are highly hydrophilic, three-dimensional network gels formed by the self-assembly of nanofibers or polymers, creating water-locking networks. Their morphology closely resembles that of the extracellular matrix, allowing them to exhibit both the biological functions of peptides and responsive gelation properties. These unique characteristics have led to their extensive application in tissue engineering, three-dimensional cell culture, cancer therapy, regenerative medicine, and other biomedical fields. This article describes three methods for preparing ECF-5 peptide hydrogels using self-assembling peptides with environmentally responsive gelation processes: (1) pH-responsive gelation: varying pH levels induce the protonation or deprotonation of amino acid residues, altering electrostatic interactions between peptide molecules and promoting their self-assembly into hydrogels; (2) Metal ion addition: polyvalent metal ions chelate with negatively charged amino acid residues, acting as bridges between peptides to form a network hydrogel; (3) Solvent exchange: hydrophobic peptides are initially dissolved in non-polar organic solvents and subsequently induce self-assembly into hydrogels upon transitioning to a polar aqueous environment. These methods utilize conventional experimental procedures to facilitate peptide self-assembly into hydrogels. By designing peptide sequences to align with specific gelation-inducing conditions, it is possible to achieve finely tuned micro/nanostructures and biological functions, highlighting the significant potential of peptide hydrogels in the biomedical domain.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>著者スポットライト:優れた生体適合性のための自己組織化繊維およびペプチドハイドロゲルの生産の改善

This protocol presents three fast and simple preparation methods that use environmental conditions to trigger the self-assembly of peptides into hydrogels. Additionally, the characterization of peptide hydrogels is described, demonstrating that mechanically stable peptide hydrogels can be formed under these straightforward conditions.

機械的に安定な自己組織化ペプチドハイドロゲルの調製

Peptide hydrogels are highly hydrophilic, three-dimensional network gels formed by the self-assembly of nanofibers or polymers, creating water-locking ...

自己組織化ペプチドのポリアミンによる両親媒性物質 (Ppa の) と関連生体材料の合成のための安易なプロトコル

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混合リジン型/アルギニン型モノマーおよびそれらの抗リーシュマニア活性の評価とペプトイドの合成のための効率的な方法

短いペプチドの自己組織化によって順序付け生体分子構造の形成

ペプチド第三級アミドライブラリのスプリット·アンド·プールの合成とキャラクタリゼーション

高秩序のナノシートにペプトイドポリマーおよびそれらの自己組織化の固相Submonomer合成

1, 2-ジチオランの合成とキャラクタリゼーション自己組織化ペプチド

情報を持つペプトイドの合成と、その配列指向動的共有自己集合

オンテザースルホニウム中心を用いた環状ペプチドの構築

機械的に安定な自己組織化ペプチドハイドロゲルの調製

機械的に安定な自己組織化ペプチドハイドロゲルの調製

機械的に安定な自己組織化ペプチドハイドロゲルの調製