Core - Statistics

Chapter 1

Understanding Statistics

1.1 : Introduction to Statistics

1.1 : Introduction to Statistics

The science of statistics involves collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data. The method of collecting, organizing, and summarizing data is ...

1.2 : How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

1.2 : How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. ...

1.3 : How Data are Classified: Numerical Data

1.3 : How Data are Classified: Numerical Data

Data that are countable or measurable in specific units are called numerical or quantitative data. Quantitative data are always numbers. Quantitative data ...

1.4 : Nominal Level of Measurement

1.4 : Nominal Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of ...

1.5 : Ordinal Level of Measurement

1.5 : Ordinal Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of ...

1.6 : Interval Level of Measurement

1.6 : Interval Level of Measurement

For effective statistical analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Data measured using ...

1.7 : Ratio Level of Measurement

1.7 : Ratio Level of Measurement

The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of ...

1.8 : Data Collection by Observations

1.8 : Data Collection by Observations

Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the ...

1.9 : Data Collection by Experiments

1.9 : Data Collection by Experiments

Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method ...

1.10 : Data Collection by Survey

1.10 : Data Collection by Survey

The systematic method of obtaining and analyzing accurate information of a population is called data collection. A survey is a standard method of data ...

1.11 : Random Sampling Method

1.11 : Random Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the ...

1.12 : Systematic Sampling Method

1.12 : Systematic Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the ...

1.13 : Convenience Sampling Method

1.13 : Convenience Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the ...

1.14 : Stratified Sampling Method

1.14 : Stratified Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the ...

1.15 : Cluster Sampling Method

1.15 : Cluster Sampling Method

Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population ...

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