Here, we present a protocol to navigate the bronchial maze in a structured manner, splitting the bronchoscopy into a stepwise approach-the four landmarks approach.
Diagnosing small lung tumors is quite difficult using a bronchoscope alone. Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy is used to locate the lesion, similar to the Global Positioning System. Radial endobronchial ultrasound and fluoroscopy confirm the correct location and monitor the sampling.
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