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Neuralink Corp.

2 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Chemistry

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes

Anna N. Ivanovskaya^*1, Anna M. Belle^*1, Allison Yorita¹, Fang Qian², Supin Chen¹, Angela Tooker¹, Rose GarcÍa Lozada¹, Dylan Dahlquist¹, Vanessa Tolosa¹

¹Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, ²Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

This protocol demonstrates a method for electrochemical roughening of thin-film platinum electrodes without preferential dissolution at grain boundaries. The electrochemical techniques of cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy are demonstrated to characterize these electrode surfaces.

Neuroscience

Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays

Jason E Chung^*1,2, Hannah R Joo^*1,2, Clay N Smyth², Jiang Lan Fan³, Charlotte Geaghan-Breiner², Hexin Liang², Daniel Fan Liu³, Demetris Roumis², Supin Chen^4,5, Kye Y Lee⁴, Jeanine A Pebbles⁴, Angela C Tooker⁴, Vanessa M Tolosa^4,5, Loren M Frank^2,6

¹Medical Scientist Training Program and Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, ²Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, ³Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, ⁴Center for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, ⁵Neuralink Corp., ⁶Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Described below is a method for implantation of multiple polymer electrode arrays across anatomically distant brain regions for chronic electrophysiological recording in freely moving rats. Preparation and surgical implantation are described in detail, with emphasis on design principles to guide adaptation of these methods for use in other species.