The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.

Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell cycle's G1, G2, and M phases. The regulators at the G1 checkpoint verify that appropriate conditions are available for DNA synthesis, such as cell size and growth factors. If a cell does notmeet these requirements, they are prevented from entering the S phase. The cell either halts the cell cycle or moves to the G0 stage until its needs are met. The regulators at the G2 checkpoint verify that the replicated DNA is free of any damage or error; otherwise, the DNA repair mechanism repairs the damage and then allows the cell to progress to the next stage. The regulators of the M phase checkpoint ensure that the sister chromatids are correctly aligned and attached to the microtubules in the equatorial plane of metaphase. This allows the cell to advance to the anaphase stage of cell division and produce two daughter cells with an equal number of chromosomes.

If a cell fails any of the above checkpoints and continues progressing through mitosis, it accumulates mutations thatmay ultimately lead to uncontrolled growth or tumor formation.

This text is adapted from Openstax, Anatomy and Physiology 2e, Section 3.5: Section Title Cell Growth and Division

Tags
Cell Cycle RegulationCell Cycle Control SystemIntracellular Regulatory MoleculesExternal TriggersCheckpointsCyclinsCyclin dependent KinasesG1 PhaseS PhaseG2 PhaseM PhaseDNA SynthesisDNA Repair MechanismSister ChromatidsTumor Formation

장에서 7:

article

Now Playing

7.10 : The Cell Cycle Control System

Essential Cellular Processes

2.1K Views

article

7.1 : 중앙 교리

Essential Cellular Processes

1.6K Views

article

7.2 : 진핵생물에서의 복제

Essential Cellular Processes

9.8K Views

article

7.3 : RNA의 종류

Essential Cellular Processes

1.0K Views

article

7.4 : 전사

Essential Cellular Processes

2.1K Views

article

7.5 : 번역

Essential Cellular Processes

1.3K Views

article

7.6 : 여러 단계에서의 표현 조절

Essential Cellular Processes

789 Views

article

7.7 : 세포 주기란 무엇입니까?

Essential Cellular Processes

1.6K Views

article

7.8 : 계면

Essential Cellular Processes

1.3K Views

article

7.9 : 유사분열(Mitosis)과 사이토키네시스(Cytokinesis)

Essential Cellular Processes

1.1K Views

article

7.11 : 세포 분열에 영향을 미치는 분자 요인

Essential Cellular Processes

2.8K Views

article

7.12 : 감수 분열이란 무엇입니까?

Essential Cellular Processes

1.2K Views

article

7.13 : 세포 신호전달의 개요

Essential Cellular Processes

2.2K Views

article

7.14 : 신호 분자의 종류

Essential Cellular Processes

706 Views

article

7.15 : G 단백질 결합 수용체

Essential Cellular Processes

1.2K Views

See More

JoVE Logo

개인 정보 보호

이용 약관

정책

연구

교육

JoVE 소개

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. 판권 소유