20.6 : 모델링 및 유사성

A scaled model of a dam is tested in a controlled environment to observe how it will manage water flow, turbulence, and pressure.

This setup predicts the dam's real-world behavior while reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale testing, which is often impractical.

For modeling to be effective, the model must accurately replicate key physical aspects of the prototype, such as shape and flow patterns, so results from the model tests can directly apply to the full-scale dam.

Similarly, a scaled ship model is constructed to analyze its movement through water, ensuring the model shares the same proportions and shape as the real ship.

This example demonstrates similitude, a condition that ensures model tests provide valid predictions of prototype behavior.

Achieving similitude requires geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity between the model and prototype.

By matching the Froude number, which aligns gravitational and inertial forces, the ship model replicates how the actual ship will interact with water.