<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3126">Live Imaging of Dorsal Root Axons after Rhizotomy</a></h2>
Andrew Skuba1, B. Timothy Himes2, 3, Young-Jin Son4 1Temple University, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 2Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, 3Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, 4Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine
An in vivo imaging protocol to monitor primary sensory axons following dorsal root crush is described. The procedures utilize wide-field fluorescence microscopy and thy1-YFP transgenic mice, and permit repeated imaging of axon regeneration over 4 cm in the PNS and axon interactions with the interface of the CNS.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3241">Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion</a></h2>
Magali Soyer, Guillaume Dum&#233;nil Blood vessels as a target for infection, Paris center for cardiovascular research, INSERM U970
During the infection process, a key step is the adhesion of pathogens with host cells. In most instances this adhesion step occurs in the presence of mechanical stress generated by flowing liquid. We describe a technique that introduces shear stress as an important parameter in the study of bacterial adhesion.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=2837">Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas</a></h2>
Eric B. Jelin1, Samuel C. Schecter1, Kelly D. Gonzales1, Shinjiro Hirose1, Hanmin Lee1, Geoffrey A. Machin2, Larry Rand3, Vickie A. Feldstein4 1Division of Pediatric and Fetal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, 3Department of Obstretics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, 4Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco
Vascular mapping of monochorionic (MC) twin placentas after birth provides a means for detailed demonstration of vascular connections between the twins&#x2019; circulations. Imbalance of these connections is thought to play a pivotal role in the development of complications of MC twinning including twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3208">Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye</a></h2>
Enrico Lopriore1, Femke Slaghekke2, Johanna M. Middeldorp2, Frans J. Klumper2, Jan M. van Lith3, Frans J. Walther1, Dick Oepkes2 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2Division of Fetal Therapy, Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 3Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and twin anemia polycythemia sequence are two potentially devastating problems in perinatal medicine. Both disorders occur only in monochorionic twins and result from unbalanced blood flow through placental vascular anastomoses. We provide a simple protocol to accurately evaluate the presence of vascular anastomoses using colored dye injection of placental vessels after birth.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=2767">Diagnosis of Ecto- and Endoparasites in Laboratory Rats and Mice</a></h2>
Christina M. Parkinson1, Alexandra O'Brien1, Theresa M. Albers1, Meredith A. Simon1, Charles B. Clifford1, Kathleen R. Pritchett-Corning2, 3 1Research Animal Diagnostic Services, Charles River, 2Research Models and Services, Charles River, 3Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington
This article describes various procedures for screening rats and mice to detect endo- or ectoparasitism. Several diagnostic assays will be demonstrated, both those suitable for use on live animals and those used after euthanasia of the animal. Photographs to aid in identification of rat and mouse parasites will be included.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3197">Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Seeding Technology and Biocompatibility Testing For Cardiovascular Devices in Large Animal Model</a></h2>
Alexandra E. Jantzen1, Whitney O. Lane2, Shawn M. Gage3, Justin M. Haseltine1, Lauren J. Galinat1, Ryan M. Jamiolkowski4, Fu-Hsiung Lin3, George A. Truskey1, Hardean E. Achneck3 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University , 2School of Medicine, Duke University , 3Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 4School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania 
A method for seeding titanium blood-contacting biomaterials with autologous cells and testing biocompatibility is described. This method uses endothelial progenitor cells and titanium tubes, seeded within minutes of surgical implantation into porcine venae cavae. This technique is adaptable to many other implantable biomedical devices.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3160">Multiparametric Optical Mapping of the Langendorff-perfused Rabbit Heart</a></h2>
Qing Lou, Wenwen Li, Igor R. Efimov Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis
This article describes the basic procedures for conducting optical mapping experiments in the Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart using the panoramic imaging system, and the dual (voltage and calcium) imaging modality.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3275">Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart</a></h2>
Di Lang, Matthew Sulkin, Qing Lou, Igor R. Efimov Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis
This paper details the dissection procedure, instrumental setup, and experimental conditions during optical mapping of transmembrane potential (Vm) and intracellular calcium transient (CaT) in intact isolated Langendorff perfused mouse hearts.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3128">Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum</a></h2>
Xuehua Xu, Tian Jin Chemotaxis Signal Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Here, we describe detailed live cell imaging methods for investigating chemotaxis. We present fluorescence microscopic methods to monitor spatiotemporal dynamics of signaling events in migrating cells. Measurement of signaling events permits us to further understand how a GPCR-signaling network achieves gradient sensing of chemoattractants and controls directional migration of eukaryotic cells.
<h2><a href="https://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3173">Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses</a></h2>
Catherine L. Franssen1, Massimo Bardi2, Kelly G. Lambert1 1Department of Psychology, Randolph-Macon College, 2Department of Psychology, Marshall University
The comparative species approach allows behavioral neuroscientists to explore various neurobiological factors associated with specific behaviors viewed as characteristic of a specific animal model. Taking advantage of naturally occurring differences in behavior between closely related species, this technique doesn&#x2019;t require invasive techniques to manipulate the expression of the behavior.

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