Este trabalho foi financiado pela Fundação de Pesquisa Nacional da Coreia (2013R1A1A1061387) e fundo de investigação KU-KIST.

1. Preparação do Precursor <ol><li> Preparação de óxido de grafeno (GO): <ol><li> GO preparação pelo método de Hummer 14 modificado <ol><li> Adicionar 3,0 g de flocos de grafite, a uma mistura de H 2 SO 4 concentrado / H 3 PO 4 (360: 40 ml) à TA. (Nota: Especial cuidado deve ser tomado durante a utilização de ácidos fortes H 2 SO 4 e H 3 PO 4). </li><li> Adicionar KMnO4 (18,0 g) lentamente com agitação e arrefecimento num banho de gelo para manter a temperatura da mistura de reacção a &lt;35 ° C. (A solução tornar-se pegajoso com o aumento do tempo de reação, precisará usar método adequado para manter a agitação eficiente.) (Nota: Cuidado especial deve ser tomado ao adicionar KMnO4 devido à reacção exotérmica). </li><li> Agita-se durante 12 h a 50 ° C e depois arrefece-se para a TA e vertendo-se sobre gelo mistura de reacção (400 ml) contendo 30% de H 2 O 2 (3 mL). </li><li> Filtra-se a reaction mistura utilizando um metal padrão americana testar crivo (300 um) para remover grafite que não reagiu e o centrífuga (velocidade de 4.722 x g durante 2 horas) filtrado para remover o sobrenadante. </li><li> Repetir o passo de centrifugação com 200 ml de água, 200 ml de HCl a 30%, 200 ml de etanol, e água destilada até o pH novamente de solução alcance a 5,0-6,0. </li><li> Liofilizar as soluções finais para produzir um pó fofo GO. </li><li> A fim de fazer a solução de GO nanométricos, dissolver 20 mg de GO em pó em 40 ml de água destilada triplo (&gt; 18 mohms), e, em seguida, esfoliar por sonicação prolongada (35% de amplitude, a 500 W, 2 h) até que toda a distribuição do tamanho de tornar abaixo de 150 nm, em seguida, centrifugar-lo duas vezes (velocidade de 10.625 xg, 15 min) para remover precipitados (folhas grandes GO esfoliada-ONU). </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> Preparação de nanopartículas plasmonic <ol><li> Preparação de AuNPs <ol><li> Estabilizado com citrato de forma esférica de nanopartículas de ouro (AuNPs, OD = 1,0) tamanho de partículas de 30 nm foi utilizado para a redução de R-GO. </li></ol></li><li> Preparação de 15 AuNRs <ol><li> Preparar a solução de sementes pela adição de 0,6 ml de solução gelada preparada de fresco de NaBH4 solução (0,01 M) a uma solução de mistura de composição aquosa de 0,25 ml de HAuCl 4 (0,01 M) e 9,75 ml de brometo de cetiltrimetilamónio (CTAB, 0,1 M ). </li><li> Agita-se a mistura resultante vigorosamente durante 0,5 minutos e depois mantê-la a 28 ° C durante 3 h. </li><li> Preparar a solução de crescimento através da mistura de 475 ml de CTAB (0,1 M), 3 mL de AgNO3 (0,01 M) e 20 ml de HAuCl 4 (0,01 M). </li><li> Em seguida, adicione preparada de fresco 3,2 ml de ácido ascórbico (0,01 M) à mistura seguido pela adição de 0,8 ml de uma solução aquosa de HCl (1,0 M). </li><li> No passo final, adicionar 3,2 ml de solução de sementes à solução de crescimento a 28 ° C e submeter a mistura reaccional a rápida inversão durante alguns segundos. Finalmente, keep a mistura resultante em repouso durante pelo menos 6 horas. </li><li> Analisar os AuNRs preparados com espectroscopia de UV-Visível para absorção máxima (λ max) e análise de TEM (tipicamente a relação de aspecto λ max e verificou-se ser 730 nm e 3,5, respectivamente). </li></ol></li><li> Preparação de 16 AuNSs <ol><li> Preparar uma solução aquosa estoque de 4- (2-hidroxietil) -1-piperazinoetanossulfónico ácido (HEPES) com a concentração de 100 mM e ajustar o pH a 7,4 a 25 ° C através da adição de solução 1,0 M de NaOH. </li><li> Misturar 20 ml de tampão de fosfato (100 mM) com 30 ml de 2- [4- (2-hidroxietil) -1-piperazinil] etanossulfónico (100 mM). </li><li> Em seguida, adicionar 500 mL de tri-hidrato de ouro (III), cloreto de (20 mM) à mistura acima e manter a 28,5 ° C durante 30 min em banho de água. Solução mudanças de cor de amarelo claro para azul esverdeado depois de 30 minutos pode ser observada. </li><li> Centrifugar a solução a velocidade de 8.928 xg durante 30 min e dispersarOs precipitados em água destilada. </li><li> Finalmente, analisar o AuNSs preparado com espectroscopia UV-Visível para absorção máxima (λ max) e análise TEM para a confirmação de tamanho das partículas que é encontrado para ser 740 nm e 30 nm, respectivamente. </li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> 2. Preparação de r-GO Usando luz visível e AuNPs <ol><li> Adicionar 1 ml de nanopartículas plasmonic (ABS 1.0 a 520 nm para AuNPs, Abs 1,0 a 750 nm para AuNRs, e Abs 1,0 a 730 nm para AuNSs, respectivamente) e 100 ul de hidróxido de amónio (28%, w / v%) para 10 ml de solução de GO (1,0 OD a 230 nm, 0,125 mg ml -1) colocado em um reactor de vidro Pyrex equipado com uma camisa com circulação de água. </li><li> Irradiar a mistura com lâmpada Xe (densidade de potência de 1,56 W cm2) durante 30 minutos com a circulação de água através do revestimento com circulação de água para manter a temperatura a 25 ° C e depois centrifugar a solução a uma velocidade 10.625 xg durante 15 min pararemover nanopartículas de ouro. </li><li> Tome-se o sobrenadante contendo a r-ir para analisar com espectrofotómetro de UV-Visível (R-GO deve mostrar a banda de absorção característico a 270 nm) na gama de 200-900 nm preparado. </li></ol> 3. Detecção do ADN Alvo Utilizando R-GO 17 Solução <ol><li> Por extinção de fluorescência, adicionar 20 ul de 10 -6 M ssDNA Cy3-modificado (5&#39;-ATC CTT ATC AAT ATT TAA CAA TAA TCC CTC-Cy3-3 &#39;) em solução GO ou r-GO contendo 25 ul de GO (0,125 mg ml-1) ou R-GO (0,125 mg mL -1), em 1,955 ml de solução 0,3 M de PBS (tampão fosfato 10 mM, NaCl 0,3 M) e incubar durante 10 min à temperatura ambiente. </li><li> Medir a intensidade de fluorescência destas amostras com espectrofluorímetro (λ ex = 529 nm). </li><li> Para a detecção do alvo, adicione 200 ml de solução de oligonucleotídeo alvo (5&#39;-GAG GGA ATT TTG TTA AAT ATT GAT AAG GAT- 3 &#39;) em três concentrações diferentes (10 -6 &lt;/ sup&gt; M, 10 -7 M, 10 -8 M) na solução de GO ou R-GO contendo 20 ul de 10 -6 M ADNcs-Cy3, 25 ul de GO ou R-GO (0,125 mg mL -1) , e 1,755 mL de 0,3 M de PBS para a experiência de recuperação de fluorescência. 17 Notas: Fontes de Luz e Reactor A luz visível (400-780 nm) de origem. A luz visível irradiar através Pyrex reator de vidro (diâmetro janela = 1,1 cm), contendo solução GO usando lâmpada Xe (1,56 W / cm 2 de energia). A energia dos fotões aplicada ao reactor é calculada como sendo de 4,8 x 10 21 fótons por min (Figura 2A-2C). Infravermelho próximo (NIR) laser. NIR laser (diâmetro janela = 13,2 cm) com uma densidade de potência de 0,36 W / cm 2, e comprimento de onda de funcionamento de 808 nm foi utilizada como a fonte de luz do infravermelho próximo para reacções de redução GO (Figura 2E). A energia do fóton é calculada para ser 2,43 × 10 21 fótons por min. Reactor: Pyrex reator de vidro (diâmetro janela = 1,1 cm; volume de reacção = 10 ml) equipado com uma jaqueta com circulação de água é utilizada para luz visível e NIR luz irradiada reações de redução GO (Figura 2F). </li></ol>

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Não temos nada a divulgar.

Visível irradiação de luz em solução GO durante 30 minutos com nanopartículas de ouro (AuNPs, AuNSs &amp; AuNRs) mostrou as mudanças de cor rápidas de luz amarela-marrom a cor preta (Figura 1). Para obter produto altamente puro de R-GO, com elevado rendimento, existem dois factores importantes precisa seguir. Um deles é o uso de um catalisador como AuNPs plasmonic eficiente, uma vez que pode absorver AuNPs fortemente a luz visível, entre outras estruturas (por exemplo, AuNRs, AuNSs). ...

<html> Método 1 e de vapor químico baseado o primeiro scotch-tape desenvolvido deposição 2 foram excelentes métodos para produzir o estado primitivo de um grafeno, mas a formação da camada de síntese de grafeno em grande escala ou grafeno na superfície com área ampla, foram considerados como uma limitação fundamental do métodos anteriores 3 Uma de solução possível para grande escala de síntese de R-GO será método sintético molhado-química que requer em primeiro lugar as reacções com agentes de oxidação fortes, extenso tratamento físico tal como sonicação para produzir VAI folha, e, finalmente, a redução de funcionalidades de oxigénio tal. como hidroxilo, epóxido e grupos carbonilo em GO é essencial, a fim de recuperar as suas propriedades físicas originais Principalmente 4., a redução de GO foi levada a cabo com qualquer método químico usando hidrazina ou dos seus derivados 5 ou por método de tratamento térmico (° 550-1,100 C) numa atmosfera inerte ou redutora. 6 jove_content &quot;&gt; Estes processos necessitam dos produtos químicos tóxicos, longo tempo de reação e temperatura elevada que o aumento da demanda total de energia para a síntese de r-GO. 7 Enquanto os processos de redução de irradiação de fotos, tais como, processo 8 foto-térmico induzido por UV usando um pulsada de xenônio flash, 9 pulsada a laser assistida 10 e fotoï¿½tï¿½rmica aquecimento com luzes de flash da câmara 11 também foram descritos para a preparação de R-GO. Em geral, a baixa eficiência de conversão dos métodos foto-induzidas propagada para o uso de UV ou pulsada irradiação laser que pode oferecer alta energia dos fótons. A energia do fóton baixo da luz visível limita o seu uso e não atraiu muito para a síntese de r-GO. Excelentes propriedades de absorção de luz de nanopartículas plasmonic nas regiões visíveis e / ou NIR pode melhorar significativamente as desvantagens atuais da utilização de luz visível para a síntese de R-GO. 12,13 condições de reacção suaves, curto tempo de reacção e utilização limitada de CH tóxicoemicals poderia fazer a luz visível plasmon induzida assistida redução fotocatalítica de GO como um método alternativo útil. No presente método, nós descrevemos o método sintético r-GO eficiente e simples, usando nanopartículas plasmonic e luz visível. O progresso da reacção foi encontrado para ser fortemente dependente das estruturas de nanopartículas plasmonic tais como as nanopartículas de ouro (esféricas AuNPs), ouro nanorods (AuNRs), e nanostars ouro (AuNSs). O uso de AuNPs mostrou a redução mais eficiente de GO e as nanopartículas são facilmente removíveis e reciclável para o uso repetido (Figura 1). A r-GO sintetizado usando a luz visível e AuNPs mostrou quase igual qualidade em comparação com o r-GO preparados por método químico conhecido (hidrazina) como demonstrado pelo uso de várias medições analíticas e do método de detecção de ADN com base extinção de fluorescência / recuperação.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Cy3 modifeid ssDNA</td>
			<td>IDT(Iowa, USA)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>HPLC purified by IDT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold nanoparticles (30 nm)</td>
			<td>Ted Pella, Inc(Redding, CA, USA).</td>
			<td>15706-20</td>
			<td>colloidal solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethane sulfonic acid (HEPES) (99.5%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7365-45-9</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gold(III)Chloride Hydrate (99.999%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>&#160;27988-77-8</td>
			<td>strongly hygroscopic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Borohydride (99.99%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>16940-66-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (&#8805;99%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>57-09-0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-Ascorbic Acid(&#8805;99.0%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>50-81-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium Chloride (99.5%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7647-14-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver Nitrate&#160; (&#8805;99.0%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7761-88-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Graphite</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7782-42-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sulfuric acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7664-93-9</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phophoric acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7664-38-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium permanganate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>7722-64-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrogen peroxide</td>
			<td>JUNSEI</td>
			<td>23150-0350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ammonium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)</td>
			<td>1336-21-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xe-lamp</td>
			<td>&#160;Cermax, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NIR Laser</td>
			<td>Class-IV, Sanctity Laser, Shanghai, China&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>6W (output power)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>UV-Vis spectrophotometer&#160;</td>
			<td>S-3100, SINCO, South Korea</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transmission Electron Microscopy</td>
			<td>H-7650, Hitachi, Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectro Fluorometer</td>
			<td>Jasco FP-6500, Tokyo, Japan</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer</td>
			<td>AXIS&#8211;NOVA, KRATOS Inc., UK</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

visible-light induced reduction of graphene oxide using plasmonic nanoparticle

O presente trabalho demonstra a e método simples, química livre, rápido, eficiente da energia para produzir reduzida solução de óxido de grafeno (r-GO) à temperatura ambiente usando a luz visível irradiação com nanopartículas plasmonic. A nanopartícula plasmonic é utilizado para melhorar a eficiência de redução de GO. Leva apenas 30 min à temperatura ambiente, iluminando as soluções com Xe-lâmpada, as soluções de r-Go pode ser obtido por remoção completamente nanopartículas de ouro através de uma simples etapa de centrifugação. As nanopartículas de ouro esférico (AuNPs) em comparação com as outras nanoestruturas é a nanoestrutura plasmonic mais adequados para a preparação de R-GO. O óxido de grafeno reduzido preparados utilizando luz visível e AuNPs foi igualmente qualitativa como quimicamente reduzida óxido de grafeno, que foi apoiado por várias técnicas analíticas, tais como espectroscopia UV-Vis, espectroscopia Raman, pó de DRX e XPS. O óxido de grafeno reduzido preparado com luz visível mostra excelentes propriedades de têmpera sobre o fluormoléculas escent modificado em ADNcs e excelente recuperação de fluorescência para a detecção de ADN alvo. É encontrado o r-GO preparado por AuNPs reciclados para ser de mesma qualidade com que quimicamente reduzida de r-GO. A utilização de luz visível com nanopartículas plasmonic demonstra a boa método alternativo para a síntese de R-GO.

A Figura 1 mostra o esquema geral para a luz visível e reacção de redução à base de nanopartículas plasmonic R-GO. A Figura 2 mostra a configuração instrumental para as reacções. Depois da reacção, é necessário o passo de centrifugação para remover o fotocatalisador utilizado (AuNSs, AuNRs, ou AuNPs) como mostrado na Figura 3A. A análise HRTEM mostra a remoção completa das nanopartículas no sobrenadante (R-GO) (Figura 3B),</...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle at JoVE.com

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Um protocolo simples para a preparação de óxido de grafeno reduzido utilizando luz visível e nanopartículas plasmonic é descrito.

De luz visível redução induzida de óxido de grafeno Usando nanopartículas plasmonic

Present work demonstrates the simple, chemical free, fast, and energy efficient method to produce reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) solution at RT using ...

visible-light-induced-reduction-graphene-oxide-using-plasmonic

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

14.3K visualizações.  Korea University.  Um protocolo simples para a preparação de óxido de grafeno reduzido utilizando luz visível e nanopartículas plasmonic é descrito. 

Vídeo: Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on photoconduction, which has been one of the most commonly used techniques for terahertz generation 1-8. Terahertz generation in a photoconductive emitter is achieved by pumping an ultrafast photoconductor with a pulsed or heterodyned laser illumination. The induced photocurrent, which follows the envelope of the pump laser, is routed to a terahertz radiating antenna connected to the photoconductor contact electrodes to generate terahertz radiation. Although the quantum efficiency of a photoconductive emitter can theoretically reach 100%, the relatively long transport path lengths of photo-generated carriers to the contact electrodes of conventional photoconductors have severely limited their quantum efficiency. Additionally, the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown strictly limit the maximum output power of conventional photoconductive terahertz sources. To address the quantum efficiency limitations of conventional photoconductive terahertz emitters, we have developed a new photoconductive emitter concept which incorporates a plasmonic contact electrode configuration to offer high quantum-efficiency and ultrafast operation simultaneously. By using nano-scale plasmonic contact electrodes, we significantly reduce the average photo-generated carrier transport path to photoconductor contact electrodes compared to conventional photoconductors 9. Our method also allows increasing photoconductor active area without a considerable increase in the capacitive loading to the antenna, boosting the maximum terahertz radiation power by preventing the carrier screening effect and thermal breakdown at high optical pump powers. By incorporating plasmonic contact electrodes, we demonstrate enhancing the optical-to-terahertz power conversion efficiency of a conventional photoconductive terahertz emitter by a factor of 50 10.

We describe methods for the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of plasmonic photoconductive emitters, which offer two orders of magnitude higher terahertz power levels compared to conventional photoconductive emitters.

Projeto, fabricação e Experimental Caracterização de plasmônicos Emissores Terahertz Photoconductive

In this video article we present a detailed demonstration of a highly efficient method for generating terahertz waves. Our technique is based on ...

Engenharia

Evaluating Plasmonic Transport in Current-carrying Silver Nanowires

Plasmonics is an emerging technology capable of simultaneously transporting a plasmonic signal and an electronic signal on the same information support1,2,3. In this context, metal nanowires are especially desirable for realizing dense routing networks4. A prerequisite to operate such shared nanowire-based platform relies on our ability to electrically contact individual metal nanowires and efficiently excite surface plasmon polaritons5 in this information support. In this article, we describe a protocol to bring electrical terminals to chemically-synthesized silver nanowires6 randomly distributed on a glass substrate7. The positions of the nanowire ends with respect to predefined landmarks are precisely located using standard optical transmission microscopy before encapsulation in an electron-sensitive resist. Trenches representing the electrode layout are subsequently designed by electron-beam lithography. Metal electrodes are then fabricated by thermally evaporating a Cr/Au layer followed by a chemical lift-off. The contacted silver nanowires are finally transferred to a leakage radiation microscope for surface plasmon excitation and characterization8,9. Surface plasmons are launched in the nanowires by focusing a near infrared laser beam on a diffraction-limited spot overlapping one nanowire extremity5,9. For sufficiently large nanowires, the surface plasmon mode leaks into the glass substrate9,10. This leakage radiation is readily detected, imaged, and analyzed in the different conjugate planes in leakage radiation microscopy9,11. The electrical terminals do not affect the plasmon propagation. However, a current-induced morphological deterioration of the nanowire drastically degrades the flow of surface plasmons. The combination of surface plasmon leakage radiation microscopy with a simultaneous analysis of the nanowire electrical transport characteristics reveals the intrinsic limitations of such plasmonic circuitry.

Silver nanowires can simultaneously transport electrons and optical information in the form of surface plasmons. A procedure is described here to realize such a shared circuitry and the limitations at propagating both information carriers are evaluated.

Avaliando plasmônicos Transporte em Prata atual de transporte de nanofios

Plasmonics is an emerging technology capable of simultaneously transporting a plasmonic signal and an electronic signal on the same information ...

Development of a 3D Graphene Electrode Dielectrophoretic Device

The design and fabrication of a novel 3D electrode microdevice using 50 &#181;m thick graphene paper and 100 &#181;m double sided tape is described. The protocol details the procedures to construct a versatile, reusable, multiple layer, laminated dielectrophoresis chamber. Specifically, six layers of 50 &#181;m x&#160;0.7 cm x&#160;2 cm graphene paper and five layers of double sided tape were alternately stacked together, then clamped to a glass slide. Then a 700 &#956;m diameter micro-well was drilled through the laminated structure using a computer-controlled micro drilling machine. Insulating properties of the tape layer between adjacent graphene layers were assured by resistance tests. Silver conductive epoxy connected alternate layers of graphene paper and formed stable connections between the graphene paper and external copper wire electrodes. The finished device was then clamped and sealed to a glass slide. The electric field gradient was modeled within the multi-layer device. Dielectrophoretic behaviors of 6 &#956;m polystyrene beads were demonstrated in the 1 mm deep micro-well, with medium conductivities ranging from 0.0001 S/m to 1.3 S/m, and applied signal frequencies from 100 Hz to 10 MHz. Negative dielectrophoretic responses were observed in three dimensions over most of the conductivity-frequency space and cross-over frequency values are consistent with previously reported literature values. The device did not prevent AC electroosmosis and electrothermal flows, which occurred in the low and high frequency regions, respectively. The graphene paper utilized in this device is versatile and could subsequently function as a biosensor after dielectrophoretic characterizations are complete.

A microdevice with high throughput potential is used to demonstrate three-dimensional (3D) dielectrophoresis (DEP) with novel materials. Graphene nanoplatelet paper and double sided tape were alternately stacked; a 700 &#956;m micro-well was drilled transverse to the layers. DEP behavior of polystyrene beads was demonstrated in the micro-well.

Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo 3D Grafeno Eletrodo dieletroforética

The design and fabrication of a novel 3D electrode microdevice using 50 &#181;m thick graphene paper and 100 &#181;m double sided tape is described. The ...

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Oxide nanoelectronics is a rapidly growing field which seeks to develop novel materials with multifunctional behavior at nanoscale dimensions. Oxide interfaces exhibit a wide range of properties that can be controlled include conduction, piezoelectric behavior, ferromagnetism, superconductivity and nonlinear optical properties. Recently, methods for controlling these properties at extreme nanoscale dimensions have been discovered and developed. Here are described explicit step-by-step procedures for creating LaAlO3/SrTiO3 nanostructures using a reversible conductive atomic force microscopy technique. The processing steps for creating electrical contacts to the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface are first described. Conductive nanostructures are created by applying voltages to a conductive atomic force microscope tip and locally switching the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface to a conductive state. A versatile nanolithography toolkit has been developed expressly for the purpose of controlling the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip path and voltage. Then, these nanostructures are placed in a cryostat and transport measurements are performed. The procedures described here should be useful to others wishing to conduct research in oxide nanoelectronics.

Oxide nanostructures provide new opportunities for science and technology. The interfacial conductivity between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 can be controlled with near-atomic precision using a conductive atomic force microscopy technique. The protocol for creating and measuring conductive nanostructures at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces is demonstrated.

Escrita e Caracterização baixa temperatura de óxido de Nanoestruturas

Oxide nanoelectronics is a rapidly growing field which seeks to develop novel materials with multifunctional behavior at nanoscale dimensions.  Oxide ...

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies

Efforts to assemble graphene into three-dimensional monolithic structures have been hampered by the high cost and poor processability of graphene. Additionally, most reported graphene assemblies are held together through physical interactions (e.g., van der Waals forces) rather than chemical bonds, which limit their mechanical strength and conductivity. This video method details recently developed strategies to fabricate mass-producible, graphene-based bulk materials derived from either polymer foams or single layer graphene oxide. These materials consist primarily of individual graphene sheets connected through covalently bound carbon linkers. They maintain the favorable properties of graphene such as high surface area and high electrical and thermal conductivity, combined with tunable pore morphology and exceptional mechanical strength and elasticity. This flexible synthetic method can be extended to the fabrication of polymer/carbon nanotube (CNT) and polymer/graphene oxide (GO) composite materials. Furthermore, additional post-synthetic functionalization with anthraquinone is described, which enables a dramatic increase in charge storage performance in supercapacitor applications.

This video method describes the synthesis of high surface area, monolithic 3D graphene-based materials derived from polymer precursors as well as single layer graphene oxide.

Síntese e funcionalização de 3D Materiais Nano-grafeno Grafeno: Aerogels e grafeno Assembléias Macro

Efforts to assemble graphene into three-dimensional monolithic structures have been hampered by the high cost and poor processability of graphene. ...

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus have potential applications in nonlinear optics, which requires extraordinary optical intensity. One of the most studied nonlinearities in plasmonics is nonlinear absorption, including saturation and reverse saturation behaviors. Although scattering and absorption in nanoparticles are closely correlated by the Mie theory, there has been no report of nonlinearities in plasmonic scattering until very recently. 
Last year, not only saturation, but also reverse saturation of scattering in an isolated plasmonic particle was demonstrated for the first time. The results showed that saturable scattering exhibits clear wavelength dependence, which seems to be directly linked to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Combined with the intensity-dependent measurements, the results suggest the possibility of a common mechanism underlying the nonlinear behaviors of scattering and absorption. These nonlinearities of scattering from a single gold nanosphere (GNS) are widely applicable, including in super-resolution microscopy and optical switches. 
In this paper, it is described in detail how to measure nonlinearity of scattering in a single GNP and how to employ the super-resolution technique to enhance the optical imaging resolution based on saturable scattering. This discovery features the first super-resolution microscopy based on nonlinear scattering, which is a novel non-bleaching contrast method that can achieve a resolution as low as l/8 and will potentially be useful in biomedicine and material studies.

Saturable and reverse saturable scattering were discovered in isolated plasmonic particles and adopted as a novel non-bleaching contrast method in super-resolution microscopy. Here the experimental procedures of detecting and extracting nonlinear scattering are explained in detail, as well as how to enhance resolution with the aid of saturated excitation microscopy.

Medição da Dispersão Não-linearidades de um Nanoparticle plasmonic Individual

Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus ...

Iridium Oxide-reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film Modified Screen-printed Electrodes as Disposable Electrochemical Paper Microfluidic pH Sensors

A facile, controllable, inexpensive and green electrochemical synthesis of IrO2-graphene nanohybrid thin films is developed to fabricate an easy-to-use integrated paper microfluidic electrochemical pH sensor for resource-limited settings. Taking advantages from both pH meters and strips, the pH sensing platform is composed of hydrophobic barrier-patterned paper micropad (&#181;PAD) using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with IrO2-graphene films and molded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic holder. Repetitive cathodic potential cycling was employed for graphene oxide (GO) reduction which can completely remove electrochemically unstable oxygenated groups and generate a 2D defect-free homogeneous graphene thin film with excellent stability and electronic properties. A uniform and smooth IrO2 film in nanoscale grain size is anodically electrodeposited onto the graphene film, without any observable cracks. The resulting IrO2-RGO electrode showed slightly super-Nernstian responses from pH 2-12 in Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffers with good linearity, small hysteresis, low response time and reproducibility in different buffers, as well as low sensitivities to different interfering ionic species and dissolved oxygen. A simple portable digital pH meter is fabricated, whose signal is measured with a multimeter, using high input-impedance operational amplifier and consumer batteries. The pH values measured with the portable electrochemical paper-microfluidic pH sensors were consistent with those measured using a commercial laboratory pH meter with a glass electrode.

The study demonstrates the growth of iridium oxide-reduced graphene oxide (IrO2-RGO) nanohybrid thin films on irregular and rough screen-printed carbon substrate through a green electrochemical synthesis, and their implementation as a pH sensor with a patterned paper-fluidic platform.

Grafeno Oxide Nanohybrid Thin Film eléctrodos modificados serigrafado reduzida de óxido de irídio como papel Electrochemical descartável microfluídicos pH Sensores

A facile, controllable, inexpensive and green electrochemical synthesis of IrO2-graphene nanohybrid thin films is developed to fabricate an easy-to-use ...

Preparation of ZnO Nanorod/Graphene/ZnO Nanorod Epitaxial Double Heterostructure for Piezoelectrical Nanogenerator by Using Preheating Hydrothermal

Well-aligned ZnO nanostructures have been intensively studied over the last decade for remarkable physical properties and enormous applications. Here, we describe a one-step fabrication technique to synthesis freestanding ZnO nanorod/graphene/ZnO nanorod double heterostructure. The preparation of the double heterostructure is performed by using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and preheating hydrothermal technique. In addition, the morphological properties were characterized by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The utility of freestanding double heterostructure is demonstrated by fabricating the piezoelectric nanogenerator. The electrical output is improved up to 200% compared to that of a single heterostructure owing to the coupling effect of the piezoelectricity between the arrays of ZnO nanorods on the top and bottom of graphene. This unique double heterostructure have a tremendous potential for applications of electrical and optoelectrical devices where the high number density and specific surface area of nanorod are needed, such as pressure sensor, immuno-biosensor and dye-sensitized solar cells.

One-step fabrication method for obtaining freestanding epitaxial double heterostructure is presented. This approach could achieve ZnO coverage with a higher number density than that of the epitaxial single heterostructure, leading to a piezoelectric nanogenerator with an increased output electrical performance.

Preparação de ZnO nanorod / Grafeno / ZnO nanorod Epitaxial Duplo heterostructure para piezoelétricos nanogenerator usando pré-aquecimento Hydrothermal

Well-aligned ZnO nanostructures have been intensively studied over the last decade for remarkable physical properties and enormous applications. Here, we ...

Multifunctional Hybrid Fe2O3-Au Nanoparticles for Efficient Plasmonic Heating

One of the most widely used methods for manufacturing colloidal gold nanospherical particles involves the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to neutral gold Au(0) by reducing agents, such as sodium citrate or sodium borohydride. The extension of this method to decorate iron oxide or similar nanoparticles with gold nanoparticles to create multifunctional hybrid Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles is straightforward. This approach yields fairly good control over Au nanoparticle dimensions and loading onto Fe2O3. Additionally, the Au metal size, shape, and loading can easily be tuned by changing experimental parameters (e.g., reactant concentrations, reducing agents, surfactants, etc.). An advantage of this procedure is that the reaction can be done in air or water, and, in principle, is amenable to scaling up. The use of such optically tunable Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles for hyperthermia studies is an attractive option as it capitalizes on plasmonic heating of gold nanoparticles tuned to absorb light strongly in the VIS-NIR region. In addition to its plasmonic effects, nanoscale Au provides a unique surface for interesting chemistries and catalysis. The Fe2O3 material provides additional functionality due to its magnetic property. For example, an external magnetic field could be used to collect and recycle the hybrid Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles after a catalytic experiment, or alternatively, the magnetic Fe2O3 can be used for hyperthermia studies through magnetic heat induction. The photothermal experiment described in this report measures bulk temperature change and nanoparticle solution mass loss as functions of time using infrared thermocouples and a balance, respectively. The ease of sample preparation and the use of readily available equipment are distinct advantages of this technique. A caveat is that these photothermal measurements assess the bulk solution temperature and not the surface of the nanoparticle where the heat is transduced and the temperature is likely to be higher.

Multifunctional Hybrid Fe2O3-Au Nanoparticles for Efficient Plasmonic Heating

We describe the synthesis and properties of multifunctional Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles produced by a wet chemical approach and investigate their photothermal properties using laser irradiation. The composite Fe2O3-Au nanoparticles retain the properties of both materials, creating a multifunctional structure with excellent magnetic and plasmonic properties.

Híbrido multifuncional Fe<sub&gt; 2</sub&gt; ó<sub&gt; 3</sub&gt; -au Nanopartículas para Aquecimento plasmonic Eficiente

One of the most widely used methods for manufacturing colloidal gold nanospherical particles involves the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to ...

Advanced Compositional Analysis of Nanoparticle-polymer Composites Using Direct Fluorescence Imaging

The fabrication of polymer-nanoparticle composites is extremely important in the development of many functional materials. Identifying the precise composition of these materials is essential, especially in the design of surface catalysts, where the surface concentration of the active component determines the activity of the material. Antimicrobial materials which utilize nanoparticles are a particular focus of this technology. Recently swell encapsulation has emerged as a technique for inserting antimicrobial nanoparticles into a host polymer matrix. Swell encapsulation provides the advantage of localizing the incorporation to the external surfaces of materials, which act as the active sites of these materials. However, quantification of this nanoparticle uptake is challenging. Previous studies explore the link between antimicrobial activity and surface concentration of the active component, but this is not directly visualized. Here we show a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging. Using this method, we can quantify the uptake of nanoparticles via swell encapsulation and measure the surface concentration of encapsulated particles, which is key in optimizing the activity of functional materials.

Here we present a reliable method to monitor the incorporation of nanoparticles into a polymer host matrix via swell encapsulation. We show that the surface concentration of cadmium selenide quantum dots can be accurately visualized through cross-sectional fluorescence imaging.