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D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+genome+sequence+of+Drosophila+melanogaster.">The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.</a> Science. 287 (5461), 2185-2195 (2000).</li><li>Rotstein, B., Paululat, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+morphology+of+the+Drosophila+heart.">On the morphology of the Drosophila heart.</a> J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 3 (2), 15 (2016).</li><li>Alayari, N. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescent+labeling+of+Drosophila+heart+structures.">Fluorescent labeling of Drosophila heart structures.</a> J Vis Exp. (32), e1423 (2009).</li><li>Guo, Y., Abou Daya, F., Le, H. D., Panda, S., Melkani, G. 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S., Coward, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modeling+podocyte+biology+using+Drosophila+nephrocytes.">Modeling podocyte biology using Drosophila nephrocytes.</a> Methods Mol Biol. 2067, 11-24 (2020).</li><li>Watson, J. R., Roth, J., Melkani, G. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+cryosectioning+of+Drosophila+heads+for+enhanced+Brain+Fluorescence+Staining+and+Immunostaining.">Direct cryosectioning of Drosophila heads for enhanced Brain Fluorescence Staining and Immunostaining.</a> J. Vis. Exp. , e67791 (2025).</li><li>Kelso, R. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flytrap,+a+database+documenting+a+GFP+protein&#8208;trap+insertion+screen+in+Drosophila+melanogaster.">Flytrap, a database documenting a GFP protein&#8208;trap insertion screen in Drosophila melanogaster.</a> Nuc Acids Res. 32 (suppl_1), D418-D420 (2004).</li><li>Dietzl, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+genome-wide+transgenic+RNAi+library+for+conditional+gene+inactivation+in+Drosophila.">A genome-wide transgenic RNAi library for conditional gene inactivation in Drosophila.</a> Nature. 448 (7150), 151-156 (2007).</li><li>Mery, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Drosophila+muscle+LIM+protein,+Mlp84B,+is+essential+for+cardiac+function.">The Drosophila muscle LIM protein, Mlp84B, is essential for cardiac function.</a> J Exp Biol. 211 (1), 15-23 (2008).</li></ol>

<table><tbody><tr><td>1000 &amp;micro;L Pipette</td><td>Eppendorf</td><td>3123000063</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1000 &amp;micro;L Pipette Tips</td><td>Olympus Plastics</td><td>23-165R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)</td><td>Fisher</td><td>J62036.K7</td><td>ph=7.4</td></tr><tr><td>200 Proof Ethanol</td><td>Decon Laboratories</td><td>64-17-5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20X Tris Buffered Saline</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>J60877.K2</td><td>pH=7.4</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-Roll Glass</td><td>IMEB</td><td>AR-14047742497</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bovine Serum Albumin</td><td>Fisher</td><td>9048-46-8</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Centrifuge Tubes 1.5 mL</td><td>Fisher</td><td>05-408-129</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Charged Slides</td><td>Globe Scientific</td><td>1415-15</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cryosectioning Molds</td><td>Fisher</td><td>2363553</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cryostat</td><td>Leica</td><td>CM 3050 S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cryostat Blades</td><td>C.L. Sturkey</td><td>DT554N50</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dry Ice</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fine Forceps</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>11254-20</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fly Pad</td><td>Tritech Research</td><td>MINJ-DROS-FP</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hardening mounting Media with Dapi</td><td>Vectashield</td><td>H-1800</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kimwipes</td><td>Kimtech</td><td>34120</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Microscope</td><td>Olympus</td><td>SZ61</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Optimal Cutting Temperature Compound</td><td>Fisher</td><td>4585</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Paraformaldehyde 20%</td><td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td><td>15713</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phalloidin 594</td><td>Abnova</td><td>U0292</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Razor Blades</td><td>Gravey</td><td>#40475</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Spring Scissors</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>15000-10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sucrose</td><td>Fisher</td><td>S5-500</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

novel and efficient method for drosophila heart fluorescence staining with cryosectioning

Método novo e eficiente para coloração de fluorescência cardíaca de Drosophila com crioseccionamento

Drosophila heart models are widely employed in studying cardiac aging and modeling&#160;human cardiac diseases. However, the dissection of Drosophila ...

novel-efficient-method-for-drosophila-heart-fluorescence-staining

Research

JoVE Journal

Genetics

Novel And Efficient Method for Drosophila Heart Fluorescence Staining with Cryosectioning

180 visualizações.  The University of Alabama at Birmingham. O protocolo de corte cardíaco e imagem de fluorescência da Drosophila simplifica o estudo da estrutura e patologias do coração. Essa abordagem envolve seccionamento, coloração e imagem simples, ignorando o conhecimento técnico necessário para a dissecção tradicional. Aumenta a acessibilidade, tornando a Drosophila um modelo mais amplamente utilizável para pesquisas cardíacas dentro da comunidade científica m...

Vídeo: Método novo e eficiente para coloração de fluorescência cardíaca de Drosophila com crioseccionamento

Application of MultiColor FlpOut Technique to Study High Resolution Single Cell Morphologies and Cell Interactions of Glia in Drosophila

Cells display different morphologies and complex anatomical relationships. How do cells interact with their neighbors? Do the interactions differ between cell types or even within a given type? What kinds of spatial rules do they follow? The answers to such fundamental questions in vivo have been hampered so far by a lack of tools for high resolution single cell labeling. Here, a detailed protocol to target single cells with a MultiColor FlpOut (MCFO) technique is provided. This method relies on three differently tagged reporters (HA, FLAG and V5) under UAS control that are kept silent by a transcriptional terminator flanked by two FRT sites (FRT-stop-FRT). A heat shock pulse induces the expression of a heat shock-induced Flp recombinase, which randomly removes the FRT-stop-FRT cassettes in individual cells: expression occurs only in cells that also express a GAL4 driver. This leads to an array of differently colored cells of a given cell type that allows the visualization of individual cell morphologies at high resolution. As an example, the MCFO technique can be combined with specific glial GAL4 drivers to visualize the morphologies of the different glial subtypes in the adult Drosophila brain.

Application of MultiColor FlpOut Technique to Study High Resolution Single Cell Morphologies and Cell Interactions of Glia in Drosophila

Cells display different morphologies and establish a variety of interactions with their neighbors. This protocol describes how to reveal the morphology of single cells and to investigate cell-cell interaction by using the well-established Gal4/UAS expression system.

Aplicação de técnica de FlpOut MultiColor para estudar a alta resolução única célula morfologias e interações de células da Glia em Drosophila

Cells display different morphologies and complex anatomical relationships. How do cells interact with their neighbors? Do the interactions differ between ...

Comportamento

Fluorescent Labeling of Drosophila Heart Structures

The Drosophila melanogaster dorsal vessel, or heart, is a tubular structure comprised of a single layer of contractile cardiomyocytes, pericardial cells that align along each side of the heart wall, supportive alary muscles and, in adults, a layer of ventral longitudinal muscle cells. The contractile fibers house conserved constituents of the muscle cytoarchitecture including densely packed bundles of myofibrils and cytoskeletal/submembranous protein complexes, which interact with homologous components of the extracellular matrix. Here we describe a protocol for the fixation and the fluorescent labeling of particular myocardial elements from the hearts of dissected larvae and semi-intact adult Drosophila. Specifically, we demonstrate the labeling of sarcomeric F-actin and of &alpha;-actinin in larval hearts. Additionally, we perform labeling of F-actin and &alpha;-actinin in myosin-GFP expressing adult flies and of &alpha;-actinin and pericardin, a type IV extracellular matrix collagen, in wild type adult hearts. Particular attention is given to a mounting strategy for semi-intact adult hearts that minimizes handling and optimizes the opportunity for maintaining the integrity of the cardiac tubes and the associated tissues. These preparations are suitable for imaging via fluorescent and confocal microscopy. Overall, this procedure allows for careful and detailed analysis of the structural characteristics of the heart from a powerful genetically tractable model system.

Fluorescent Labeling of Drosophila Heart Structures

Here we describe a basic protocol for fluorescent labeling of different elements of heart tubes from larva and adult Drosophila melanogaster. These specimens are well-suited for imaging via fluorescent or confocal microscopy. This technique permits detailed structural analysis of the features of the hearts from a powerful model organism.

Labeling fluorescentes de Drosophila Estruturas Coração

The Drosophila melanogaster dorsal vessel, or heart, is a tubular structure comprised of a single layer of contractile cardiomyocytes, pericardial cells ...

Biologia

Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila

The Drosophila heart has recently emerged as a good model system for examining the genetic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying function in myogenic hearts. A key step in examining heart function in the fly is finding a way to access the heart in a manner that preserves its myogenic function while still allowing the beating heart organ to be observed and recorded. Two different methods for observing and recording the beating heart in both larva and adult Drosophila are described here. Our semi-intact preparation using adult flies allows clear visualization of the abdominal heart without interference from the pigmented cuticle and overlying fat bodies. To record larval heart beats it is necessary to immobilize the larva, which minimizes body wall movements thereby reducing heart movements that are not associated with myocardial contractions. Our methodologies produce stable adult and larval heart preparations that can beat for hours at rates of 1-3 Hz.

Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila

Technique required for visualizing the beating heart in larval and adult Drosophila are presented. Each life stage requires a different methodology.

Visualizar o coração batendo no Drosophila</em

The Drosophila heart has recently emerged as a good model system for examining the genetic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying function in ...

Preparation of embryos for Electron Microscopy of the Drosophila embryonic heart tube

The morphogenesis of the Drosophila embryonic heart tube has emerged as a valuable model system for studying cell migration, cell-cell adhesion and cell shape changes during embryonic development. One of the challenges faced in studying this structure is that the lumen of the heart tube, as well as the membrane features that are crucial to heart tube formation, are difficult to visualize in whole mount embryos, due to the small size of the heart tube and intra-lumenal space relative to the embryo. The use of transmission electron microscopy allows for higher magnification of these structures and gives the advantage of examining the embryos in cross section, which easily reveals the size and shape of the lumen. In this video, we detail the process for reliable fixation, embedding, and sectioning of late stage Drosophila embryos in order to visualize the heart tube lumen as well as important cellular structures including cell-cell junctions and the basement membrane.

Preparation of embryos for Electron Microscopy of the Drosophila embryonic heart tube

We describe a process for fixation, embedding, sectioning, and imaging of late stage Drosophila embryos for Trasmission Electron Microscopy of the embryonic heart tube. This technique allows for the visualization of the heart tube lumen as well as the basement membrane, which lines the lumen of the heart.

Preparação de embriões de Microscopia Eletrônica do Drosophila Tubo cardíaco embrionário

The morphogenesis of the Drosophila  embryonic heart tube has emerged as a valuable model system for studying cell migration, cell-cell adhesion and cell ...

A Protocol for Immunohistochemistry and RNA In-situ Distribution within Early Drosophila Embryo

Calcium induced calcium release signaling (CICR) plays a critical role in many biological processes. Every cellular activity from cell proliferation and apoptosis, development and ageing, to neuronal synaptic plasticity and regeneration have been associated with Ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Despite the importance of calcium signaling, the exact mechanism of its function in early development is unclear. As an organism with a short gestational period, the embryos of Drosophila melanogaster are prime study subjects for investigating the distribution and localization of CICR associated proteins and their regulators during development. However, because of their lipid-rich embryos and chitin-rich chorion, their utility is limited by the difficulty of mounting embryos on glass surfaces. In this work, we introduce a practical protocol that significantly enhances the attachment of Drosophila embryo onto slides and detail methods for successful histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and in-situ hybridization. The chrome alum gelatin slide-coating method and embryo pre-embedding method dramatically increases the yield in studying Drosophila embryo protein and RNA expression. To demonstrate this approach, we studied DmFKBP12/Calstabin, a well-known regulator of RyR during early embryonic development of Drosophila melanogaster. We identified DmFKBP12 in as early as the syncytial blastoderm stage and report the dynamic expression pattern of DmFKBP12 during development: initially as an evenly distributed protein in the syncytial blastoderm, then preliminarily localizing to the basement layer of the cortex during cellular blastoderm, before distributing in the primitive neuronal and digestion architecture during the three-gem layer phase in early gastrulation. This distribution may explain the critical role RyR plays in the vital organ systems that originate in from these layers: the suboesophageal and supraesophageal ganglion, ventral nervous system, and musculoskeletal system.

A Protocol for Immunohistochemistry and RNA In-situ Distribution within Early Drosophila Embryo

Here, we describe a protocol for detection and localization of Drosophila embryo protein and RNA from collection to pre-embedding and embedding, immunostaining, and mRNA in situ hybridization.

Um Protocolo para Imunohistoquímica e Distribuição In-situ de RNA dentro do Embrião Drosophila Precoce

Calcium induced calcium release signaling (CICR) plays a critical role in many biological processes. Every cellular activity from cell proliferation and ...

Biologia do Desenvolvimento

A Simple One-step Dissection Protocol for Whole-mount Preparation of Adult Drosophila Brains

There is an increasing interest in using Drosophila to model human brain degenerative diseases, map neuronal circuitries in adult brains, and study the molecular and cellular basis of higher brain functions. A whole-mount preparation of adult brains with well-preserved morphology is critical for such whole brain-based studies, but can be technically challenging and time-consuming. This protocol describes an easy-to-learn, one-step dissection approach of an adult fly head in less than 10 s, while keeping the intact brain attached to the rest of the body to facilitate subsequent processing steps. The procedure helps remove most of the eye and tracheal tissues normally associated with the brain that can interfere with the later imaging step, and also places less demand on the quality of the dissecting forceps. Additionally, we describe a simple method that allows convenient flipping of the mounted brain samples on a coverslip, which is important for imaging both sides of the brains with similar signal intensity and quality. As an example of the protocol, we present an analysis of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in adult brains of WT (w1118) flies. The high efficacy of the dissection method makes it particularly useful for large-scale adult brain-based studies in Drosophila.

A Simple One-step Dissection Protocol for Whole-mount Preparation of Adult Drosophila Brains

The adult Drosophila brain is a valuable system for studying neuronal circuitry, higher brain functions, and complex disorders. An efficient method to dissect whole brain tissue from the small fly head will facilitate brain-based studies. Here we describe a simple, one-step dissection protocol of adult brains with well-preserved morphology.

Um de uma etapa simples protocolo de dissecação para Whole mount-Preparação do Adulto<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Brains

There is an increasing interest in using Drosophila to model human brain degenerative diseases, map neuronal circuitries in adult brains, and study the ...

Neurociência

Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ

With the rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, it is increasingly important to understand the underlying pathophysiology that leads to neuronal dysfunction and loss. Fluorescence-based imaging tools and technologies enable unprecedented analysis of subcellular neurobiological processes, yet there is still a need for unbiased, reproducible, and accessible approaches for extracting quantifiable data from imaging studies. We have developed a simple and adaptable workflow to extract quantitative data from fluorescence-based imaging studies using Drosophila models of neurodegeneration. Specifically, we describe an easy-to-follow, semi-automated approach using Fiji/ImageJ to analyze two cellular processes: first, we quantify protein aggregate content and profile in the Drosophila optic lobe using fluorescent-tagged mutant huntingtin proteins; and second, we assess autophagy-lysosome flux in the Drosophila visual system with ratiometric-based quantification of a tandem fluorescent reporter of autophagy. Importantly, the protocol outlined here includes a semi-automated segmentation step to ensure all fluorescent structures are analyzed to minimize selection bias and to increase resolution of subtle comparisons. This approach can be extended for the analysis of other cell biological structures and processes implicated in neurodegeneration, such as proteinaceous puncta (stress granules and synaptic complexes), as well as membrane-bound compartments (mitochondria and membrane trafficking vesicles). This method provides a standardized, yet adaptable reference point for image analysis and quantification, and could facilitate reliability and reproducibility across the field, and ultimately enhance mechanistic understanding of neurodegeneration.

Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ

We have developed a simple and adaptable workflow to extract quantitative data from fluorescence-imaging-based cell biological studies of protein aggregation and autophagic flux in the central nervous system of Drosophila models of neurodegeneration.

Biologia celular quantitativa de neurodegeneração em Drosophila , através de uma análise imparcial das proteínas fluorescente etiquetadas usando o ImageJ

With the rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, it is increasingly important to understand the underlying pathophysiology that leads to neuronal ...

Simple Method for Fluorescence DNA In Situ Hybridization to Squashed Chromosomes

DNA in situ hybridization (DNA ISH) is a commonly used method for mapping sequences to specific chromosome regions. This approach is particularly effective at mapping highly repetitive sequences to heterochromatic regions, where computational approaches face prohibitive challenges. Here we describe a streamlined protocol for DNA ISH that circumvents formamide washes that are standard steps in other DNA ISH protocols. Our protocol is optimized for hybridization with short single strand DNA probes that carry fluorescent dyes, which effectively mark repetitive DNA sequences within heterochromatic chromosomal regions across a number of different insect tissue types. However, applications may be extended to use with larger probes and visualization of single copy (non-repetitive) DNA sequences. We demonstrate this method by mapping several different repetitive sequences to squashed chromosomes from Drosophila melanogaster neural cells and Nasonia vitripennis spermatocytes. We show hybridization patterns for both small, commercially synthesized probes and for a larger probe for comparison. This procedure uses simple laboratory supplies and reagents, and is ideal for investigators who have little experience with performing DNA ISH.

Simple Method for Fluorescence DNA In Situ Hybridization to Squashed Chromosomes

Here, we present a simple method for performing fluorescence DNA in situ hybridization (DNA ISH) to visualize repetitive heterochromatic sequences on slide-mounted chromosomes. The method requires minimal reagents and it is versatile for use with short or long probes, different tissues, and detection with fluorescence or non-fluorescence-based signals.

Método simples para DNA de Fluorescência<em&gt; In Situ</em&gt; A hibridação com Cromossomos Squashed

DNA in situ hybridization (DNA ISH) is a commonly used method for mapping sequences to specific chromosome regions. This approach is particularly ...

Direct Cryosectioning of Drosophila Heads for Enhanced Brain Fluorescence Staining and Immunostaining

Immunostaining Drosophila melanogaster brains is essential for exploring the mechanisms behind complex behaviors, neural circuits, and protein expression patterns. Traditional methods often involve challenges such as performing complex dissection, maintaining tissue integrity, and visualizing specific expression patterns during high-resolution imaging. We present an optimized protocol that combines cryosectioning with fluorescence staining and immunostaining. This method improves tissue preservation and signal clarity and reduces the need for laborious dissection for Drosophila brain imaging. The method entails rapid dissection, optimal fixation, cryoprotection, and cryosectioning, followed by fluorescent staining and immunostaining. The protocol significantly reduces tissue damage, enhances antibody penetration, and yields sharp, well-defined images. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by visualizing specific neural populations and synaptic proteins with high fidelity. This versatile method allows for the analysis of various protein markers in the adult brain across multiple z-planes and can be adapted for other tissues and model organisms. The protocol provides a reliable and efficient tool for researchers conducting high-quality immunohistochemistry in Drosophila neurobiology studies. This method's detailed visualization facilitates comprehensive analysis of neuroanatomy, pathology, and protein localization, making it particularly valuable for neuroscience research.

This study presents a simplified protocol for tissue processing involving decapitation, fixation, cryosectioning, fluorescence staining, immunostaining, and imaging, which can be extended to confocal and multiphoton imaging. The method maintains efficacy comparable to complex dissections, bypassing the need for advanced motor skills. Quantitative image analysis provides extensive investigative potential.

Crioseccionamento direto de cabeças de Drosophila para coloração e imunocoloração aprimoradas de fluorescência cerebral

Immunostaining Drosophila melanogaster brains is essential for exploring the mechanisms behind complex behaviors, neural circuits, and protein expression ...

Preparation of Drosophila Heart: A Technique to Study Heart Physiology in the Adult Fly

Source: Vogler, G., Ocorr, K. <a href="https://www.jove.com/video/1425/" target="_blank">Visualizing the Beating Heart in Drosophila</a>. J. Vis. Exp. (2009).
This video describes the fly&#39;s adult heart, or otherwise called the Drosophila dorsal vessel. The featured protocol demonstrates a dissection procedure for live heart preparations.

Método novo e eficiente para coloração de fluorescência cardíaca de Drosophila com crioseccionamento

Resumo

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