Chapter 5
Complexometric Titration, Precipitation Titration, and Gravimetry
Комплексометрическое титрование: обзор
Complexometric titrations involve reactions of ligands with suitable metal ions to generate metal–ligand complexes.
The titration is often performed ...
Комплексометрическое титрование: лиганды
Complexation titrations may employ different monodentate or polydentate ligands.
Polydentate ligands, such as derivatives of amino carboxylic acids, ...
Свойства металлоорганических соединений
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl ...
ЭДТА: химия и свойства
In complexation reactions, although ligands of various denticities can be used, polydentate ligands are generally preferred, as they form highly stable ...
ЭДТА: Константа условного образования
Each EDTA molecule has six binding sites: four carboxyl groups and two amino groups. The fully protonated form of EDTA is represented as H6Y2+. However, ...
ЭДТА: Вспомогательные комплексообразующие реагенты
EDTA titrations require high-pH conditions, under which the active complexing form of EDTA predominates.
However, under alkaline conditions, many metal ...
EDTA: Прямое титрование, титрование с обратным ходом и титрованием с перемещением
The EDTA titration types for metal ion analysis include direct titration, back-titration, and replacement titration.
Direct titration involves buffering ...
ЭДТА: Непрямое и щелочное титрование
Like direct, back, and displacement titration, indirect titration is an EDTA titration involving metal ions.
In an indirect titration, anions are ...
Комплексометрические кривые титрования ЭДТА
EDTA titration curves determine the free metal ion concentration. The titration curve represents the change in concentration of free metal ions (p ...
Влияние ЭДТА на методы детектирования конечных точек
End-point detection in EDTA titration includes visual and instrumental methods.
A visual metal-ion indicator, which forms a stable complex with a metal ...
Маскирующие и демаскирующие агенты
The selectivity of EDTA reactions is improved by masking and demasking agents.
A masking agent chelates with a potential interfering ion to form a more ...
Титрование осадков: обзор
In precipitation titrations, the analyte mixed with visual indicators reacts with the titrant to form a colored precipitate or a soluble, colored complex ...
Кривая титрования осадков: анализ
In the titration of chloride with silver nitrate, the initial silver ion concentration is low due to the limited redissolution of the sparingly soluble ...
Титрование осадков: методы определения конечных точек
In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a ...
Гравиметрия: Обзор
Gravimetry is a quantitative analytical method where the analyte is isolated and weighed either directly or after conversion into a substance of known ...
Гравиметрия: неорганические и органические осаждающие агенты
Common inorganic precipitants yield insoluble precipitates that can be used to quantify several cations and anions.
The formation of precipitates such as ...
Гравиметрия осадков
In precipitation gravimetry, the analyte reacts with a precipitant to yield a precipitate that is isolated and weighed.
The precipitate should be of low ...
Образование осадков и контроль размера частиц
In precipitation gravimetry, ideally, the precipitant reacts specifically or selectively with the analyte to yield a precipitate with certain attributes.
...
Процессы осаждения
Slow addition of the precipitant in a dilute solution with constant stirring lowers the solute concentration, that is, Q, decreasing the relative ...
Коллоидные осадки
Colloidal precipitates have a large surface-to-mass ratio that encourages surface adsorption.
For example, colloidal silver chloride obtained by adding ...
Виды соосаждения
Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes.
Surface adsorption can introduce ...
Промывка, сушка и розжиг осадков
Following filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor.
Colloidal precipitates, such as ...
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