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14.3 : Равновесия для газовых и гетерогенных реакций.

Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions

For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation:

Eq1

Molar concentration or molarity is given by number of moles divided by the volume:

Eq2

Thus,

Eq3

where P is partial pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the gas constant, T is temperature, and M is molar concentration.

For the gas-phase reaction: m A + n B ⇌ x C + y D

Eq4

And so, the relationship between Kc and KP is

Eq5

where Δn is the difference in the molar amounts of product and reactant gases, in this case:

Eq6

This text has been adapted from Openstax, Химия 2е изд., Section 13.2 Equilibrium Constants.

Теги

Homogeneous EquilibriaGaseous ReactionsEquilibrium ConstantPartial PressuresMolar ConcentrationsReversible ReactionStoichiometric CoefficientsKpKcIdeal Gas EquationMolarityIndividual Partial PressuresMolar Concentration EquivalentModified Expression

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