Name: Generating Electromagnetic Radiations
Uploaded: 2023-09-18T17:11:17
Description: Learn by watching this video about Generating Electromagnetic Radiations at JoVE.com

Electromagnetic waves are generated by accelerating electrical charges. It can be demonstrated using the experimental apparatus of Heinrich Hertz.
The transmitter consists of an induction coil and two metal spheres separated by a narrow gap. The&#160; receiver is a loop of wire with a small gap.
When a high voltage pulse is applied, the electric field between the spheres ionizes the air and generates a spark.The frequency of the spark depends on the natural frequency of the L-C circuit.
The electric field oscillations create an electromagnetic wave. A spark is generated in the receiver at the resonant frequency.
Replacing the receiver with a metal sheet, standing waves can be generated.
The region between the transmitter and receiver contains a series of nodes and antinodes.
The distance between two consecutive nodes and antinodes is half of the wavelength. So, the wavelength can be estimated.
Knowing the wavelength and frequency, Hertz estimated the speed of the wave which was very close to the speed of light.

<ol>
	<li>OpenStax. (2019). University Physics Vol. 2. [Web version]. Retrieved from&#160; <a href="https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-12/pages/699-Electromagnetic%20waves">Openstax, University of Physics Volume 2, Chapter 16: Electromagnetic wave</a>.</li>
</ol>

generating electromagnetic radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857&#8211;1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in the loop produced sparks that were visible evidence of the current in the circuit and helped generate electromagnetic waves. Across the laboratory, Hertz placed another loop attached to another RLC circuit, which could be tuned (like a dial on a radio) to the same resonant frequency as the first and could thus be made to receive electromagnetic waves. The spark was generated in the receiver loop, indicating that electromagnetic waves travel toward the receiver loop. Hertz also studied the reflection, refraction, and interference patterns of electromagnetic waves, confirming their wave characteristics. Hertz was able to determine the wavelengths from the interference patterns, and by knowing their frequencies, the propagation speed was calculated using the equation v = f&#955;. Hertz was thus able to prove that electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light. The SI unit for frequency, the Hertz (1 Hz = 1 cycle/second), is named in his honor.

Learn by watching this video about Generating Electromagnetic Radiations at JoVE.com

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857&#8211;1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. ...