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Aix Marseille University

7 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

Neuroscience

Isolating Nasal Olfactory Stem Cells from Rodents or Humans

Stéphane D. Girard^1,2, Arnaud Devéze³, Emmanuel Nivet^1,2,4, Bruno Gepner⁵, François S. Roman², François Féron^1,6

¹NICN, Aix Marseille University, ²LNPM, Aix Marseille University, ³ENT Department, Aix Marseille University, ⁴Gene expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, ⁵Laboratory of Speech and Language, Aix Marseille University, ⁶Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Aix Marseille University

We describe here a method for biopsying olfactory mucosa from rat and human nasal cavities. These biopsies can be used for either identifying molecular anomalies in brain diseases or isolating multipotent adult stem cells that can be utilized for cell transplantation in animal models of brain trauma/disease.

Medicine

Implanting Glass Spinal Cord Windows in Adult Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Keith K. Fenrich¹, Pascal Weber¹, Genevieve Rougon^1,2, Franck Debarbieux^1,2

¹Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille-Luminy (IBDML), Aix Marseille University, ²Campus de la Timone, European Research Center for Medical Imaging (CERIMED)

We describe a method for implanting and maintaining glass windows over the exposed spinal cords of adult mice for studying experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These windows provide chronic optical access to the spinal cord for monitoring cell dynamics at the subcellular level in live animals using two-photon microscopy.

Medicine

An Orthotopic Glioblastoma Mouse Model Maintaining Brain Parenchymal Physical Constraints and Suitable for Intravital Two-photon Microscopy

Clément Ricard^1,2, Fabio Stanchi^1,3, Geneviève Rougon^1,2, Franck Debarbieux^1,2

¹Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, ²European Research Center for Medical Imaging, Campus de la Timone, ³Vesalius Research Center, KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg

We have established a cortical orthotopic glioblastoma model in mice for intravital two-photon microscopy that recapitulates the biophysical constraints normally at play during the growth of the tumor. A chronic glass window replacing the skull above the tumor enables the follow-up of the tumor progression over time by two-photon microscopy.

Immunology and Infection

Intravital Microscopy Imaging of the Liver following Leishmania Infection: An Assessment of Hepatic Hemodynamics

Sreekanth Dasari¹, Pascal Weber¹, Camélia Makhloufi¹, Erica Lopez², Claire-Lise Forestier¹

¹INSERM 1095, URMITE, University of Aix-Marseille, ²U.F.R de Médecine, University of Aix-Marseille

This article reports on a detailed method for the dynamic measurement and quantification of blood flow velocity within individual blood vessels of the mouse liver vasculature using intravital microscopy imaging in combination with a specific methodology for image acquisition and analysis.

Immunology and Infection

A Rapid Strategy for the Isolation of New Faustoviruses from Environmental Samples Using Vermamoeba vermiformis

Jacques Yaacoub Bou Khalil¹, Julien Andreani¹, Didier Raoult^1,2, Bernard La Scola^1,2

¹Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Unit for Infectious and Tropical Emerging Diseases, Aix Marseille University, ²Pole of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical and Biological Sector, Federation of Bacteriology-Hygiene Virology, University Hospital Institute Mediterranean Infection

We describe here the latest advances in viral isolation for the characterization of new genotypes of Faustovirus, a new asfarvirus-related lineage of giant viruses. This protocol can be applied to the high throughput isolation of viruses, especially giant viruses infecting amoeba.

Biology

Single Cell Micro-aspiration as an Alternative Strategy to Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting for Giant Virus Mixture Separation

Dehia Sahmi-Bounsiar¹, Paulo Victor de Miranda Boratto², Graziele Pereira Oliveira², Jacques Yaacoub Bou Khalil¹, Bernard La Scola^1,2, Julien Andreani²

¹Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) - Méditerranée Infection, ²Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEΦI), Aix-Marseille Université UM63, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD 198, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM)

Here, we describe a single cell micro-aspiration method for the separation of infected amoebae. In order to separate viral subpopulations in Vermamoeba vermiformis infected by Faustoviruses and unknown giant viruses, we developed the protocol detailed below and demonstrated its ability to separate two low-abundance novel giant viruses.

Cancer Research

Flexible Organic Electronic Devices for Pulsed Electric Field Therapy of Glioblastoma

Marie C. Lefevre¹, Attila Kaszas¹, Gerwin Dijk^1,2, Martin Baca¹, Olivier Baudino², Bastien Marchiori², Loig Kergoat², David Moreau¹, Franck Debarbieux^3,4,5, Rodney P. O'Connor¹

¹Centre CMP, Bioelectronics Department, Mines Saint-Etienne, ²Panaxium SAS, ³Institut Universitaire de France, ⁴Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone (UMR7289), CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, ⁵Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale, Aix-Marseille Université

This work describes the development of flexible interdigitated electrodes for implementation in 3D brain tumor models, namely, in vitro culture, in ovo model, and in vivo murine model. The proposed method can be used to evaluate the effects of pulsed electric fields on tumors at different levels of complexity.