Biz bu makale için kadar yazmak onun değerli girişler için Dr Mary-Lou Vallano, Nörobilim ve Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı, çabaları kabul etmek istiyorum.

1. SAK Konu için Rat Cerrahi 0.15 ml Otolog Arteryel Kan ile Injected <ol><li> Sıçan 0,1 mg / Ksilazin / Ketamin kemirgen kokteyl kg kullanan ve 5 dakika boyunca oturmak için izin anestezi olduğunu. </li><li> Yeterli anestezi arka ekstremite refleks azalması ile teyit edilir. </li><li> Bir elektronik tıraş makinesi kullanma sub-oksipital bölgede etrafında saç alanı Burnu için bir boyun traş edilir. </li><li> Hayvan ameliyat masasında sırtüstü yerleştirilir ve kuyruk steril bir insizyon sağlamak için betadin ile sürülür. </li><li> Düz 1 cm orta hat kesi kuyruk ventral alınır </li><li> Kuyruk arter tespit ve izole edilinceye kadar bir teşrih uzatılır. </li><li> Steril 26 gauge kateter kullanarak, kuyruk arter kanüle edilir ve arteriyel kan 0.15 ml&#39;lik bir enjektöre çekilir. </li><li> Bir steril gazlı kesi mühür vetbond uygulamasından önce hemostaz sağlamak için kesi sarılır. </li><li> To sıçan betadin ile sürülür alt-oksipital bölge üzerinde masa ve traş alana eğilimli açıktır. </li><li> Dikey bir orta hat kesi ile erişim kullanma sisterna magna kazanılır. </li><li> Bir kez tanımlanan bir 25 gauge iğne sisterna magna sokulur ve BOS 0.15 ml otolog kan hacminin enjeksiyonu ile artmış intrakraniyal basıncı önlemek için bir şırınga içine çekilir. </li><li> Şimdi, kuyruk atar damarından kan ekstre 0.15 mL sisterna magna içine yavaşça enjekte edilir. </li><li> İğne dikkatli çekilmiş sonra subaraknoid aralığa pıhtılaşma ve sağlamak için 30 saniye süreyle yerinde bırakılır. </li><li> Hemostaz sağlanır ve kesi bir stapler kullanılarak kapatıldı. </li><li> Hayvan şimdi ler arter etrafında tanklı donmak için kan izin vermek için, 20 dakika boyunca aşağıya doğru bir pozisyon 20 ° kafası ile bir ısınma eğilimli yüzeye yerleştirilir. </li><li> 1,1-1,15 Adımlar dışında ikinci bir ameliyata 48 saat boyunca tekrarlanır. </li&gt; </ol> 2. SAK Konu için Rat Cerrahi 0.15 ml Salin Enjekte <ol><li> Sıçan 0,1 mg / Ksilazin / Ketamin kemirgen kokteyl kg kullanan ve 5 dakika boyunca oturmak için izin anestezi olduğunu. </li><li> Yeterli anestezi arka ekstremite refleks azalması ile teyit edilir. </li><li> Bir elektronik tıraş makinesi kullanma sub-oksipital bölgede etrafında saç alanı Burnu için bir boyun traş edilir. </li><li> Hayvan ameliyat masasında sırtüstü yerleştirilir ve kuyruk steril bir insizyon sağlamak için betadin ile sürülür. </li><li> Düz 1 cm orta hat kesi kuyruk ventral alınır </li><li> Kuyruk arter tespit ve izole edilinceye kadar bir teşrih uzatılır. </li><li> Steril 26 gauge kateter kullanarak, kuyruk arter kanüle edilir ve arteriyel kan 0.15 ml&#39;lik bir enjektöre çekilir. </li><li> Bir steril gazlı kesi mühür vetbond uygulamasından önce hemostaz sağlamak için kesi sarılır. </li><li> Rat betadin ile boyanmıştır alt-oksipital bölge üzerinde masa ve traş alana eğilimli açıktır. </li><li> Dikey bir orta hat kesi ile erişim kullanma sisterna magna kazanılır. </li><li> Bir kez tanımlanan bir 25 gauge iğne sisterna magna eklenir ve CSF 0.15 ml bir şırınga içine çekilir ve örnek depolanır. </li><li> Şimdi, normal salin 0.15 ml (37 ° C) sisterna magna içine yavaşça enjekte edilir. </li><li> İğne 30 sn için yerinde bırakılır ve dikkatle geri çekilir. </li><li> Hemostaz sağlanır ve kesi bir stapler kullanılarak kapatıldı. </li><li> Hayvan artık 20 dakika boyunca pozisyon aşağı 20 ° kafa ile bir ısınma yüzeye yüzüstü yerleştirilir. </li><li> 2,1-2,15 Adımlar dışında ikinci bir ameliyata 48 saat boyunca tekrarlanır. </li></ol> 3. Sıçan Kurban <ol><li> İkinci ameliyat sonrası 5. günde ratlar kardiyak perfüzyon ile sakrifiye edilmiştir. </li><li> Sıçan ölümcül dozda (0 verilirÖlümcül Plus .2 ml / kg) (Vortech İLAÇ LTD., Dearborn, MI) </li><li> Dikey bir orta hat kesi ile karın boşluğuna yaklaştı ve periton açıldı. </li><li> Bir anterior torakotomi ve kalp maruz kalmaktadır. </li><li> Hayvan kanı akıtılır ve sonra% 4 paraformaldehid ile perfüze edilmiştir bir fosfat tampon solüsyonu (PBS, pH 7.4 ve 37 ° de) bağlı bir 26-gauge kateter kullanımı. </li><li> Perfüzyon ettikten sonra, perfüzyon durdurulur ve sıçan dekapitasyon masaya getirilir. </li><li> Dekapitasyon sonra, bir kemik rongeur beyin çıkarılması için kafatası çıkarmak için kullanılır. </li><li> Beyin ve beyin sapı dikkatle 48 saat süreyle kafatası çıkarılan ve% 4 paraformaldehid çözeltisi içine yerleştirilir ve 4 ° C&#39;de saklanır. </li></ol> 4. Vazospazm Değerlendirememesi Bölümler oluşturma <ol><li> Şimdi 4 gün için% 30 sakkaroz daldırılırsa sıçan beyin inci getirilirkesit için e kriyostat. </li><li> Bir kez cryoprotected, 12 uM bölümler arası konu tutarlılığı sağlamak için başlangıç ​​noktası olarak Anterior inferior serebellar arter (AICA) ile, kriyostat kullanılarak oluşturulur. </li><li> 20 bölüm Superior Serebellar arter (SCA) biten, her bir hayvan için oluşturulur. </li><li> Bölümleri bir cam slayt üzerine yerleştirilir ve histolojik metodoloji kullanarak vazospazm için değerlendirilir </li></ol>

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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+subarachnoid+hemorrhage:+Cerebral+blood+flow+and+brain+metabolism+during+the+acute+phase+in+three+different+models+in+the+rat.">Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: Cerebral blood flow and brain metabolism during the acute phase in three different models in the rat.</a> Neurosurgery. 54, 426-436 (2004).</li><li>Ryba, M. S., Gordon-Krajcer, W., Walski, M., Chalimoniuk, M., Chrapusta, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hydroxylamine+attenuates+the+effects+of+simulated+subarachnoid+hemorrhage:+implication+for+the+role+of+oxidative+stress+in+cerebral+vasospasm.">Hydroxylamine attenuates the effects of simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage: implication for the role of oxidative stress in cerebral vasospasm.</a> Neurol. Res. 31, 195-199 (1999).</li><li>Satoh, M., Parent, A. D., Zhang, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibitory+effect+with+antisense+mitogen-activated+protein+kinase+oligodeoxynucleotide+against+cerebral+vasospasm+in+rats.">Inhibitory effect with antisense mitogen-activated protein kinase oligodeoxynucleotide against cerebral vasospasm in rats.</a> Stroke. 33, 775-781 (2002).</li><li>Suzuki, H., Kanamaru, K., Tsunoda, H., Inada, H., Kuroki, M., Sun, H., Waga, S., Tanaka, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heme+oxygenase-1+gene+induction+as+an+intrinsic+regulation+against+delayed+cerebral+vasospasm+in+rats.">Heme oxygenase-1 gene induction as an intrinsic regulation against delayed cerebral vasospasm in rats.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 104, 59-66 (1999).</li><li>Swift, D. 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Biz bu çalışmaya ait açıklama yok.

Primatlar, bir daha benzer bir genetik yapısı ve anatomik özelliklere sahip insan, daha yakından gecikmiş vazospazmdan olayları taklit ve daha kolay kemirgenler 8&#39;den arteriyel değişiklikler, izlemek için non-invaziv görüntüleme (MRI ve anjiografi) tabi olabilir. Ancak, primat modelleri maliyet-engelleyici ve küçük hayvan modelleri daha karmaşık bakım ve etik konular ile ilişkili vardır. Geliştirilmiştir Küçük hayvan SAK modellerinde önceden SAK inducing üç yöntem üzerinde od...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Ekipman / reaktif Adı </td><td> Şirket </td><td> Katalog Numarası </td></tr><tr><td> Erkek SD sıçanlar (250-300 g) </td><td> Taconic </td><td> SD-M </td></tr><tr><td> 26 G Kateterler </td><td> Webster </td><td> 8416683 </td></tr><tr><td> 25 G İğneler </td><td> Bizon </td><td> 305122 </td></tr><tr><td> 1 cc Enjektörler </td><td> Merkez mağaza </td><td> 54245 </td></tr><tr><td> Ketamin / Ksilazin kokteyl </td><td> Hayvan Bakımı (SUNY) * </td><td> - </td></tr><tr><td> Betadine </td><td> Merkez mağaza </td><td> 51458 </td></tr><tr><td> Sakaroz </td><td> Sigma </td><td> S9378-1kg </td></tr><tr><td> Paraformaldehyde </td><td> Sigma </td><td> P6148-500G </td></tr><tr><td> Fosfat tampon çözeltisi </td><td> Balıkçı </td><td> BP-399-4 </td></tr><tr><td> Ameliyat Masası </td><td> Harvard </td><td> PY2 72-2590 </td></tr><tr><td> Ekim Bileşik (cryoprotection) </td><td> VWR </td><td> 25608-930 </td></tr><tr><td> Superfrost Slaytlar </td><td> Balıkçı </td><td> 12-550-15 </td></tr></tbody></table> * Laboratuar Hayvan Bakımı Bölümü, SUNY Upstate Medical University&#39;de Sentezlenen. 1 cc ekleme [100 mg / ml] [100 mg / ml] Ketamin 10 ml atlara.

a low mortality rat model to assess delayed cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

Amaç: karakterize ve başlatan olaylar, fizyopatolojik değişiklikleri ve potansiyel tedavi hedefleri belirlemek için, sıçanlarda anevrizmal subaraknoid kanama (SAK) sonrası gecikmiş serebral vazospazm gösteren bir tekrarlanabilir model kurmak için. Yöntem: Yirmi sekiz erkek Sprague-Dawley sıçan (250 - 300 gr) - SAK veya salin kontrol keyfi iki gruba ayrıldı. SAK grubunda (n = 15) Sıçan subaraknoid kanama sisterna magna içine, 48 saat arayla, otolog kan çift enjeksiyonu ile sağlandı. Benzer bir şekilde, normal salin (n = 13) sisterna magna tuzlu kontrol grubu içine enjekte edildi. Sıçanlar ikinci kan enjeksiyonu sonrası beşinci günde sakrifiye edildi ve beyinleri histolojik analiz için korundu. Vazospazm derecesi, NIH Image-J yazılımı kullanılarak iç luminal kesit alanı ölçülerek, baziler arter kesitleri kullanılarak ölçüldü. Önemi olduTukey / Kramer &#39;s istatistiksel analiz kullanılarak test. Bulgular: histolojik kesitlerin analizinden sonra, baziler arter lümen kesit alanı eski grubunda vazospazm ile tutarlı, salin grubuna göre SAK daha küçüktür. SAK grubunda, baziler arterin iç alanı (.056 mikron ± 3) iç alanı ile salin kontrol grubuna (0,069 ile karşılaştırıldığında, beş gün ikinci kan enjeksiyonu (yedi gün ilk kan enjeksiyonu sonra) vazospazm itibaren belirgin olarak düşüktü ± 3, p = 0.004). Serebral vazospazm hiçbir ölüm oluşmamıştır. Sonuç: sıçan çift SAK modelinde küçük bir hayvan modelinde serebral vazospazm patofizyolojik mekanizmaları incelemek için kullanılabilecek bir hafif, survivable, baziler arter vazospazm indükler. Düşük ve kabul edilebilir ölüm oranı vazospazmın mekanizmaları elucid olabilir böylece ideal SAK hayvan modeli için sağlanması gereken önemli bir kriterdirated 7, 8. Modelin ek modifiye vazospazm ve nörolojik sınavlardan artan ciddiyetine göre ayarlama yapılabilir.

Yukarıda tarif edilen protokollere içinde, daha önce literatürde tarif edilmiş olandan daha iyi bir model nitelemeyi gerektirecektir inanıyoruz birkaç adım vardır. Burada bir tekrarlanabilir düşük mortalite vazospazmdan küçük bir hayvan modeli elde etmek ve düzgün yapılmadığında bu model ile ilişkili potansiyel tuzaklar önlemek için gerekli olan adımları odaklanmak. 1. Kuyruk Arter gelen Otolog Kan Beraberlik: Kuyruk arterde angiocatheter d...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Low Mortality Rat Model to Assess Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage at JoVE.com

A Low Mortality Rat Model to Assess Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Anevrizmal subaraknoid kanama (SAK) zaman bir anevrizma rüptürü subaraknoid boşluğa oluşur kanıyor. Subaraknoid kanama birkaç yıl önce olduğu gibi aynı olmaya devam ediyor sonra bu olay gelen morbidite ve mortalite gelişmiş tedavi yaklaşımları nedeniyle bir düşüş, vazospazm riski olmuştur da. Serebral vazospazm başlatan olayları tanımlamak için kapsamlı ve tekrarlanabilir hayvan modeli kurmanın önemi Barry tarafından 1979 yılında deneysel vazospazm modelinde sıçanların ilk kullanımından bu yana araştırma odağı olmuştur<em&gt; Ve ark.</em&gt; Sıçanlarda Erken çalışma sisterna magna içine otolog kan tek bir enjeksiyon akut yol açtı (dakikalar içinde) ama vazospazm gecikmeli olmadığını gösterdi<sup&gt; 3, 6, 14</sup&gt;. Burada düşük mortalite SAK sıçan modelinde karakterize olduğunu tekrarlanabilir gecikmiş vazospazm sonuçları.

Deneysel Subaraknoid Kanama Sonrası Gecikmeli Serebral Vazospazm değerlendirin A Düşük Mortalite Rat Modeli

Objective: To characterize and establish a reproducible model that demonstrates delayed cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) ...

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14.2K Görüntüleme.  SUNY Upstate Medical University. Anevrizmal subaraknoid kanama (SAK) zaman bir anevrizma rüptürü subaraknoid boşluğa oluşur kanıyor. Subaraknoid kanama birkaç yıl önce olduğu gibi aynı olmaya devam ediyor sonra bu olay gelen morbidite ve mortalite gelişmiş tedavi yaklaşımları nedeniyle bir düşüş, vazospazm riski olmuştur da. Serebral vazospazm başlatan olayları tanımlamak için kapsamlı ve tekrarlanabilir hayvan modeli kurmanın önemi Barry tarafından 1979 yılında deneysel v...

Video: A Low Mortality Rat Model to Assess Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model

Stroke is among the most frequent causes of death and adult disability, especially in highly developed countries. However, treatment options to date are very limited. To meet the need for novel therapeutic approaches, experimental stroke research frequently employs rodent models of focal cerebral ischaemia. Most researchers use permanent or transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in mice or rats.
Proximal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) via the intraluminal suture technique (so called filament or suture model) is probably the most frequently used model in experimental stroke research. The intraluminal MCAO model offers the advantage of inducing reproducible transient or permanent ischaemia of the MCA territory in a relatively non-invasive manner. Intraluminal approaches interrupt the blood flow of the entire territory of this artery. Filament occlusion thus arrests flow proximal to the lenticulo-striate arteries, which supply the basal ganglia. Filament occlusion of the MCA results in reproducible lesions in the cortex and striatum and can be either permanent or transient. In contrast, models inducing distal (to the branching of the lenticulo-striate arteries) MCA occlusion typically spare the striatum and primarily involve the neocortex. In addition these models do require craniectomy. In the model demonstrated in this article, a silicon coated filament is introduced into the common carotid artery and advanced along the internal carotid artery into the Circle of Willis, where it blocks the origin of the middle cerebral artery. In patients, occlusions of the middle cerebral artery are among the most common causes of ischaemic stroke. Since varying ischemic intervals can be chosen freely in this model depending on the time point of reperfusion, ischaemic lesions with varying degrees of severity can be produced. Reperfusion by removal of the occluding filament at least partially models the restoration of blood flow after spontaneous or therapeutic (tPA) lysis of a thromboembolic clot in humans.
In this video we will present the basic technique as well as the major pitfalls and confounders which may limit the predictive value of this model.

Filamentous occlusion of the Middle cerebral artery is a common model for studying ischemic stroke in mice.

Fare Modelleme İnme - Filament Model Orta Serebral Arter Tıkanıklığı

Stroke is among the most frequent causes of death and adult disability, especially in highly developed countries. However, treatment options to date are ...

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Non-invasive Imaging of Acute Allograft Rejection after Rat Renal Transplantation Using 18F-FDG PET

The number of patients with end-stage renal disease, and the number of kidney allograft recipients continuously increases. Episodes of acute cellular allograft rejection (AR) are a negative prognostic factor for long-term allograft survival, and its timely diagnosis is crucial for allograft function 1. At present, AR can only be definitely diagnosed by core-needle biopsy, which, as an invasive method, bares significant risk of graft injury or even loss. Moreover, biopsies are not feasible in patients taking anticoagulant drugs and the limited sampling site of this technique may result in false negative results if the AR is focal or patchy. As a consequence, this gave rise to an ongoing search for new AR detection methods, which often has to be done in animals including the use of various transplantation models.
Since the early 60s rat renal transplantation is a well-established experimental method for the examination and analysis of AR 2. We herein present in addition small animal positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to assess AR in an allogeneic uninephrectomized rat renal transplantation model and propose graft FDG-PET imaging as a new option for a non-invasive, specific and early diagnosis of AR also for the human situation 3. Further, this method can be applied for follow-up to improve monitoring of transplant rejection 4.

Non-invasive Imaging of Acute Allograft Rejection after Rat Renal Transplantation Using 18F-FDG PET

We herein present a rat renal transplantation model to non-invasively assess acute allograft rejection using positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose.

Sıçan Böbrek Nakli sonra Akut Allogreft Reddi non-invaziv Görüntüleme Kullanımı<sup&gt; 18</sup&gt; F-FDG PET

The number of patients with end-stage renal  disease, and the number of kidney allograft recipients continuously increases.  Episodes of acute cellular ...

Surgical Procedures for a Rat Model of Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation with Hepatic Arterial Reconstruction

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats using a whole or partial graft is an indispensable experimental model for transplantation research, such as studies on graft preservation and ischemia-reperfusion injury 1,2, immunological responses 3,4, hemodynamics 5,6, and small-for-size syndrome 7. The rat OLT is among the most difficult animal models in experimental surgery and demands advanced microsurgical skills that take a long time to learn. Consequently, the use of this model has been limited. Since the reliability and reproducibility of results are key components of the experiments in which such complex animal models are used, it is essential for surgeons who are involved in rat OLT to be trained in well-standardized and sophisticated procedures for this model.
While various techniques and modifications of OLT in rats have been reported 8 since the first model was described by Lee et al. 9 in 1973, the elimination of the hepatic arterial reconstruction 10 and the introduction of the cuff anastomosis technique by Kamada et al. 11 were a major advancement in this model, because they simplified the reconstruction procedures to a great degree. In the model by Kamada et al., the hepatic rearterialization was also eliminated. Since rats could survive without hepatic arterial flow after liver transplantation, there was considerable controversy over the value of hepatic arterialization. However, the physiological superiority of the arterialized model has been increasingly acknowledged, especially in terms of preserving the bile duct system 8,12 and the liver integrity 8,13,14.
In this article, we present detailed surgical procedures for a rat model of OLT with hepatic arterial reconstruction using a 50% partial graft after ex vivo liver resection. The reconstruction procedures for each vessel and the bile duct are performed by the following methods: a 7-0 polypropylene continuous suture for the supra- and infrahepatic vena cava; a cuff technique for the portal vein; and a stent technique for the hepatic artery and the bile duct.

Orthotopic liver transplantation in rats is an indispensable experimental model for biomedical research. Here we present our surgical procedures for orthotopic rat liver transplantation with hepatic arterial reconstruction using a 50% partial graft.

Hepatik Arter İmar Kısmi Ortotopik Karaciğer Nakli Bir Rat Modeli Cerrahi İşlemleri

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats using a whole or partial graft is an indispensable experimental model for transplantation research, such as ...

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal models of acute ischemic stroke allows to confirm successful arterial occlusion and exclude subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral perfusion monitoring can also be used to study intracranial collateral circulation, which is emerging as a powerful determinant of stroke outcome and a possible therapeutic target. Despite a recognized role of Laser Doppler perfusion monitoring as part of the current guidelines for experimental cerebral ischemia, a number of technical difficulties exist that limit its widespread use. One of the major issues is obtaining a secure and prolonged attachment of a deep-penetration Laser Doppler probe to the animal skull. In this video, we show our optimized system for cerebral perfusion monitoring during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion by intraluminal filament in the rat. We developed in-house a simple method to obtain a custom made holder for twin-fibre (deep-penetration) Laser Doppler probes, which allow multi-site monitoring if needed. A continuous and prolonged monitoring of cerebral perfusion could easily be obtained over the intact skull.

Cerebral perfusion monitoring has been demonstrated to improve accuracy in ischemic stroke models. Technical difficulties often limit the use of this essential tool for cerebrovascular research. In this video, an optimized system is shown to obtain a single or multi-site hemodynamic monitoring during intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

Intraluminar Orta Serebral Arter Tıkanıklığı ve Sıçan Strok Model Serebral Perfüzyon İzleme için Optimize Sistemi

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal ...

A Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

In this video publication a standardized mouse model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is presented. Bleeding is induced by endovascular Circle of Willis perforation (CWp) and proven by intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Thereby a homogenous blood distribution in subarachnoid spaces surrounding the arterial circulation and cerebellar fissures is achieved. Animal physiology is maintained by intubation, mechanical ventilation, and continuous on-line monitoring of various physiological and cardiovascular parameters: body temperature, systemic blood pressure, heart rate, and hemoglobin saturation. Thereby the cerebral perfusion pressure can be tightly monitored resulting in a less variable volume of extravasated blood. This allows a better standardization of endovascular filament perforation in mice and makes the whole model highly reproducible. Thus it is readily available for pharmacological and pathophysiological studies in wild type and genetically altered mice.

A standardized mouse model of subarachnoid hemorrhage by intraluminal Circle of Willis perforation is described. Vessel perforation and subarachnoid bleeding are monitored by intracranial pressure monitoring. In addition various vital parameters are recorded and controlled to maintain physiologic conditions.

Subaraknoid Kanama bir fare modeli

In this video publication a standardized mouse model of subarachnoid  hemorrhage (SAH) is presented. Bleeding is induced by endovascular Circle of  Willis ...

The Rabbit Blood-shunt Model for the Study of Acute and Late Sequelae of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Technical Aspects

Early brain injury and delayed cerebral vasospasm both contribute to unfavorable outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Reproducible and controllable animal models that simulate both conditions are presently uncommon. Therefore, new models are needed in order to mimic human pathophysiological conditions resulting from SAH.
This report describes the technical nuances of a rabbit blood-shunt SAH model that enables control of intracerebral pressure (ICP). An extracorporeal shunt is placed between the arterial system and the subarachnoid space, which enables examiner-independent SAH in a closed cranium. Step-by-step procedural instructions and necessary equipment are described, as well as technical considerations to produce the model with minimal mortality and morbidity. Important details required for successful surgical creation of this robust, simple and consistent ICP-controlled SAH rabbit model are described.

The experimental intracranial pressure-controlled blood shunt subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model in the rabbit combines the standard procedures &#8212; subclavian artery cannulation and transcutaneous cisterna magna puncture, which enables close mimicking of human pathophysiological conditions after SAH. We present step-by-step instructions and discuss key surgical points for successful experimental SAH creation.

Subaraknoid Kanama Akut ve Geç sekeli Çalışmaları Tavşan Kan şant Modeli: Teknik Yönleri

Early brain injury and delayed cerebral vasospasm both contribute to unfavorable outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Reproducible and ...

Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease affecting 382 million people in 2013, and is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 1. During the past 2 decades, the role of beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes has been clearly established 2. Research progress has required methods for the isolation of pancreatic islets. The protocol of the islet isolation presented here shares many common steps with protocols from other groups, with some modifications to improve the yield and quality of isolated islets from both the wild type and diabetic Leprdb (db/db) mice. A live-cell 2-photon imaging method is then presented that can be used to investigate the control of insulin secretion within islets.

Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets

We present here a protocol for the isolation of islets from the mouse model of type 2 diabetes, Leprdb and details of a live-cell assay for measurement of insulin secretion from intact islets that utilizes 2 photon microscopy.

Lepr<sup&gt; Db</sup&gt; Tip 2 Diyabet Fare Modeli: Bozulmamış Islets Of Pankreas Adacık İzolasyonu ve Canlı hücre 2-Foton Görüntüleme

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease affecting 382 million people in 2013, and is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035 1. During the past 2 decades, ...

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage

Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma-related deaths, partly because early diagnosis of the severity of blood loss is difficult. Assessment of hemorrhaging patients is difficult because current clinical tools provide measures of vital signs that remain stable during the early stages of bleeding due to compensatory mechanisms. Consequently, there is a need to understand and measure the total integration of mechanisms that compensate for reduced circulating blood volume and how they change during ongoing progressive hemorrhage. The body&#39;s reserve to compensate for reduced circulating blood volume is called the &#39;compensatory reserve&#39;. The compensatory reserve can be accurately evaluated with real-time measurements of changes in the features of the arterial waveform measured with the use of a high-powered computer. Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) has been shown to simulate many of the physiological responses in humans associated with hemorrhage, and is used to study the compensatory response to hemorrhage. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how compensatory reserve is assessed during progressive reductions in central blood volume with LBNP as a simulation of hemorrhage.

The purpose of this protocol is to demonstrate the techniques for measuring compensatory responses to reduced central blood volume using lower body negative pressure as a noninvasive experimental model of human hemorrhage which can be used to quantify the total integration of compensatory mechanisms to blood volume deficit in humans.

Kanama İnsan Modeli Entegre Telafi Cevapları

Hemorrhage is the leading cause of trauma-related deaths, partly because early diagnosis of the severity of blood loss is difficult. Assessment of ...

Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Sheet to Reduce Leakage After Partial Colectomy in A Rat Model

Anastomotic leakage is a disastrous complication after colorectal surgery. Although current methods for leakage prevention have different levels of clinical efficacy, they are until now imperfect solutions. Stem cell therapy using ASC sheets could provide a solution to this problem. ASCs are considered as promising candidates for promoting tissue healing because of their trophic and immunomodulatory properties. Here, we provide methods to produce high-density ASC sheets, that are transplanted onto a colorectal anastomosis in a rat model to reduce the leakage. ASCs formed cell sheets in thermo-responsive culture dishes that could be easily detached. On the day of the transplantation, a partial colectomy with a 5-suture colorectal anastomosis was performed. Animals were immediately transplanted with 1 ASC sheet per rat. ASC sheets adhered spontaneously to the anastomosis without any glue, suture, or any biomaterial. Animal groups were sacrificed 3 and 7 days postoperatively. Compared to transplanted animals, the incidence of anastomotic abscesses and leakage was higher in control animals. In our model, the transplantation of ASC sheets after colorectal anastomosis was successful and associated with a lower leakage rate.

The preparation and transplantation of adipose tissue derived stem cell (ASC) sheets onto insufficiently sutured colorectal anastomoses in a rat model is presented. This novel application shows that ASC sheets can reduce colorectal anastomosis leakage.

Bir sıçan modelinde kısmi kolektomi sonra kaçağı azaltmak için Yağ dokusundan elde edilen kök hücre sayfasının nakli

Anastomotic leakage is a disastrous complication after colorectal surgery. Although current methods for leakage prevention have different levels of ...

Implantation of hiPSC-derived Cardiac-muscle Patches after Myocardial Injury in a Guinea Pig Model

Due to the limited regeneration capacity of the heart in adult mammals, myocardial infarction results in an irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes. This loss of relevant amounts of heart muscle mass can lead to the heart failure. Besides heart transplantation, there is no curative treatment option for the end-stage heart failure. In times of organ donor shortage, organ independent treatment modalities are needed. Left-ventricular assist devices are a promising therapy option, however, especially as destination therapy, limited by its side-effects like stroke, infections and bleedings. In recent years, several cardiac repair strategies including stem cell injection, cardiac progenitors or myocardial tissue engineering have been investigated. Recent improvements in cell biology allow for the differentiation of large amounts of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). One of the cardiac repair strategies currently under evaluation is to transplant artificial heart tissue. Engineered heart tissue (EHT) is a three-dimensional in vitro created cardiomyocyte network, with functional properties of native heart tissue. We have created EHT-patches from hiPSC derived cardiomyocytes. Here we present a protocol for the induction of left ventricular myocardial cryoinjury in a guinea pig, followed by implantation of hiPSC derived EHT on the left ventricular wall.

Here we present a protocol for the induction of left ventricular cryoinjury followed by the implantation of a cardiac muscle patch, derived from human iPS-cell cardiomyocytes in a guinea pig model.

HiPSC elde edilen kalp kası yamalar implantasyonu eskiden şiling şimdi domuz modelinde miyokardiyal yaralanma sonra

Due to the limited regeneration capacity of the heart in adult mammals, myocardial infarction results in an irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes. This loss ...