Biz el yazması değerli tartışmalar için Lee laboratuar üyelerine teşekkür etmek istiyorum. Lee laboratuarda çalışma Hücre Araştırma Fonu (Tedco) Kök New York Kök Hücre Vakfı Robertson Araştırmacı Ödülü ve Maryland hibe tarafından desteklenmiştir.

1.. Hücre hazırlanması ve Ortam (Gün 1) <ol><li> Kültür ve DMEM ortamı,% 10 FBS ihtiva eden insan fibroblast genişletmek. </li><li> Plaka insanlara özgü fibroblastlar; transdüksiyon bir gün önce oyuk başına uygun bir yoğunlukta bir 24-yuvalı plaka üzerine (Şekil 1). NOT: farklı hücre tipleri farklı bağlanma yeteneği var çünkü şu seri seyreltme (200K, 100K, 50K, 25K, 12.5K ve 6.25K) önerilir. </li><li> Hücreler tamamen yapışmış ve genişletmiştir sağlanması, bir 37 ° C,% 5 CO2 inkübatörü içinde bir gün için hücreler inkübe edin. </li></ol> 2.. İletimi yapın (2. Gün) <ol><li> Transdüksiyon gününde, hücre yoğunluğunu kontrol etmek ve en etkin yoğunluğu kuyu (Şekil 2) seçtik. Yüksek (80 ~% 90), orta (50 ~% 70) ve düşük (20 ~ 40%): Bu üç farklı yoğunlukları almak daha iyidir. </li><li> En az 1 saat önce transdüksiyon, fibrobl aspireast hücrelerden ortam ve fibroblast ortamın yeni bir 300 ul değiştirin. </li><li> -80 ° C depolama 4 farklı Sendai virüs tüplerin bir set çıkarın. Birkaç saniye için bir 37 ° C su banyosu içinde, aynı zamanda, her tüp çözülme ve sonra su banyosundan tüpleri alır. Daha sonra, oda sıcaklığına kadar bunları çözülme; santrifüj 10 saniye boyunca 6.000 xg&#39;de tüpler ve kullanıma kadar buz koyun. -Donma yeniden ve titreleri korumak değil çünkü virüs cozundurmeden. </li><li> Mikro santrifüj tüpüne dört Sendai virüsü boruların (Ekim-4, Klf-4, c-Myc ve Sox-2) her birinin, belirtilen miktarlar ekleyin. Çözelti hafifçe pipetleme iyice karıştırılır olduğundan emin olun. Örneğin, transdüksiyon için 24 oyuklu plaka içinde LOOKWELL 50K hücre / bir de: (Life Technologies Analiz Sertifikalarını dayalı Titer, partiden diğer partiye farklı olabilir) Tüp hOct-4 = 6.0 x 10 7 UKÜ, 3 İçişleri Bakanlığı 5 ul = Tüp hSox-2 = 6.5 x 10 7 CIU, 3 MOI = 4.6 μ; L Tüp hKlf-4 = 6.3 x 10 7 UKÜ, 3 İB = 4.8 ul Tüp hc-Myc&#39;nin = 7.8 x 10 7 UKÜ, 3 İB = 3.8 ul Toplam = 24 oyuklu plakanın dört virüs faktör karışımı / bir de (50K hücreleri) 18.2 ul </li><li> Hücre yoğunluklarına göre; 2X, 1X ve kuyunun içine virüs karışımı 0.5x hacim eklemek. Yavaşça, plaka önden arkaya sallayın sol ve sağ (2X: virüs karışımı, 1X 36.4 ul: 18.2 ul ve 0.5x: 9.1 ul). </li><li> 37 ° C,% 5 CO2 inkübatöründe hücreleri koyun ve bir gece boyunca inkübe edilir. </li></ol> 3.. Kültür Orta Değiştirme (Gün 3 &amp; Day 5) <ol><li> 24 saat transdüksiyon sonra, 500 ul taze fibroblast ortam ile orta yerine. </li><li> 5. günde, taze fibroblast medya ile Orta değiştirin. </li></ol> 4.. Co-kültür için MEF Yemekleri hazırlayın (Gün 8) <ol><li> % 10 ile 60 mm kültür tabaklarında MEF hücreleri hazırla FBS DMEM ortamı bir da ihtivaMEF besleyici-hücreleri üzerine transdüse fibroblast pasaj önce y. Not: Her 60 mm çanak MEF 5 x 10 5 kullanıyorsunuz. </li></ol> 5.. Başlangıç ​​Co-kültür MEF besleyici hücreler (Gün 9) ile Hücreleri kalıt <ol><li> Transduced hücreleri kaplama önce, aspirat% 10 FBS MEF besleyici yemekler DMEM ortamı bulunan ve FBS DMEM ortamı ihtiva eden taze% 10 ekleyin. </li><li> 24 oyuklu bir plaka içerisinde olan ve D-PBS ile bir kez yıkama hücreleri transduse fibroblastlardan orta çıkarın. 24-çukurlu plaka inthe fibroblast hücreler içine% 0.25 tripsin / EDTA, 200 ul ekleyin. Hücreler plakadan kopmaya başladığından zaman tripsin / EDTA, birlikte en az 5 dakika inkübasyondan sonra, 15 ml konik bir tüp içinde büyüme ortamı ile hücreleri toplamak. Daha sonra 4 dakika boyunca 6,000 x g de santrifüj. NOT: 2X, 1X ve 0.5X virüs Havuzlanması transdük fibroblast tavsiye edilir. </li><li> Süpernatan Ortamı çıkarın ve yeniden askıya yıkamatripsin ile nötrleştirme için taze ortam fibroblast 4-5 ml hücre topağı. Daha sonra 4 dakika boyunca 135 x g&#39;de santrifüj. </li><li> Örneğin 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64 ve 1/128 60 sayısı: seri seyreltme yoğunluğu olarak ve MEF üzerine fibroblast ortam ile birlikte kültür için başlangıç ​​Plaka hücreleri mm çanak. Transdüksiyon ilk haftasında hücre ölüm oranı ile ilgili olarak, bir 1/2 veya 1/128 yoğunluğa seyreltilmesi gerekmeyebilir. Transgen RT-PCR için bir pozitif kontrol olarak, toplam RNA çıkarmak için bir kenara kalan hücrelerin koyun. </li><li> % 5 CO2 inkübatör gece boyunca, 37 ° C&#39;de 60 mm yemekler yerleştirin. </li></ol> 6.. İnsan Embriyonik Kök Hücre Orta Yem ve Hücreleri (Gün 10) Monitör <ol><li> Ertesi gün, 10 uM Y-27632, insan ES ortama fibroblast ortamı değiştirmek. Bundan sonra, insan ES ortamı ile günlük orta değiştirin: 800 ml DMEM/F12 + 200 mi Knockout Serum Replacement + 10 ml L-glutamin, 10 mM + 10 minimum MEM esansiyel olmayan amino asitler miTemel Fibroblast Büyüme Faktörü 2-mersaptoetanol + 10 ng / ml + 1 ml. </li><li> Taze insan ES medya ile bir günlük medya değişiklik yapmak. Bir hafta sonra, koloni ES-benzeri hücre kümeleri oluşumu için bir mikroskop altında bir kez toplam 2 ~ 3 gün bulaşıkları kontrol edin. Koloniler bulundu önce hücre tipine bağlı olarak, kültür daha çok veya daha az zaman alacaktır. </li></ol> 7. Uyarılmış pluripotent hücre kolonileri Kök ve Hücreleri genişletin Toplama (Gün 20 ~) <ol><li> Üç hafta sonra, transdüksiyon, koloni toplama için uygun yetiştirilen görünmelidir. </li><li> Koloni toplama bir gün önce, 24 oyuklu bir plaka içerisinde MEF besleyici hazırlar. NOT: Biz bir 24-plaka içinde MEF 12.5 x 10 5 kullanıyorsanız. </li><li> Ertesi gün, 10 uM Y-27632, insan ES ortama fibroblast ortamından MEF yemekler orta değiştirin. Elle toplama başlığı içinde mikroskop altında her zaman bir koloni almak ve pipetleme küçük kümeleri yapmak ve bunları aktarmakyeni birçok klon almak için MEF dishes.Try hazırlanan üzerine. </li><li> Geçidi ve başlangıçta bir 6 yuvalı plakaya bir 24-çukurlu plaka her bir genişletme. Daha sonra, 6-çukurlu plaka yayılımıyla önce, 60 mm tabaklar için. </li></ol> (10 geçiş sonrası) İnsan iPSCs 8. Karakterizasyonu <ol><li> İmmünofloresan <ol><li> Günde ortam değişikliği ile 4-5 gün boyunca 24 oyuklu plaka ve kültür Plate insan iPSCs. </li><li> Imüno-flüoresan deneyi çalıştırmak için, bir kere D-PBS ile plakayı yıkayın. Daha sonra 30 dakika boyunca% 0.4 paraformaldehid içinde hemen hücreleri gidermek. Daha sonra 5 dakika süre ile D-PBS içinde üç kez yıkayın. </li><li> Oda sıcaklığında 15 dakika boyunca PBS içinde% 0.1 Triton X-100 çözeltisi ile işlem görmüş hücrelerin tedavi. </li><li> Permeablization çözeltisi (% 0.1 triton X-100 çözeltisi) aspire, daha sonra oda sıcaklığında 1 saat boyunca% 0.5 BSA bloke çözeltisi ilave edilir. </li><li> Nanog&#39;un, Ekim-4, SSEA (evre özgü embriyonik ANTIG bir algılama gerçekleştirinen) ve TRA-1-81,% 0.5 BSA çözeltisi içinde bir anti-insan antikoru kullanılarak (tümör rejeksiyon antijen) (antikor seyreltme oranı için malzeme tablosunu kontrol edin). Oda sıcaklığında 2 saat için primer antikor inkübe edin. Daha sonra 5 dakika her biri için D-PBS içinde üç kez yıkayın. </li><li> Oda sıcaklığında% 0.5 BSA çözeltisi içinde 1:2,000 seyreltilmiştir 2. antikor olarak Alexa Fluor 488 keçi anti-fare IgG antikorları ile inkübasyondan 1 saat sonra floresan mikroskobu kullanılarak kontrol edin. DAPI ile her bir besleyici hücreleri ve MEF hiPSCs tüm çekirdek Leke. </li></ol></li><li> Transgen Teyit RT-PCR <ol><li> RNA ekstraksiyon reaktifleri kullanılarak hücre pelletinden toplam mRNA ekstrakte edin. </li><li> Ters transkriptaz ile PCR amplifikasyonu için toplam RNA ve elde edilen cDNA alikotları üzerinde bir ters transkripsiyon (1 ug) yapın. </li><li> CDNA şablon 2 ul, 2x PCR Master Mix 10 ul, primerler 2 pmol 2 ul içeren PCR karışımları hazırlamak(Ileri: 1 ul ve ters: 1 ul) ve DW 6 ul. Tablo 1 &#39;de sıralanan primerler ile RT-PCR yapmak, gen ekspresyonunu tespit etmek için. </li><li> Amplifikasyon reaksiyonları verimliliği için bir kontrol olarak, GAPDH geni ile RT-PCR&#39;ler gerçekleştirin. Görselleştirme ve% 1 agaroz jel elektroforezi ile analiz PCR ürünü. </li></ol></li></ol>

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Yazarlar ifşa hiçbir şey yok.

HiPSCs insan somatik hücreleri yeniden programlama temel biyoloji, kişisel tıp ve transplantasyon 12 görülmemiş sözleri tutar. Daha önce, insan iPSC nesiller gibi ilaç geliştirme ve nakli tedavileri 13 gibi diğer klinik uygulamaları sınırlandıran istenmeyen genetik mutasyonlar oluşturabilir konakçı genomu içine entegrasyon riski DNA virüsü gereklidir. Bu nedenle birlikte, birçok çalışmada çeşitli alternatif yöntemlerle vektör ve transgen-free sistemi, insan iPSCs oluşt...

İnsan embriyonik kök hücreleri (hESC) ilaç taraması için, hastalık modelleme için potansiyel olarak yararlı olabilir ve hastalık ve doku yaralanmaları tedavi etmek için hücre tabanlı tedaviler geliştirmek için kendini yenilemek in vitro ve sahip pluripotensin bir kapasiteye sahip. Ancak, HESC çünkü, immünolojik onkolojik ve etik engellerin hücre replasman tedavisi için bir sınırlama var, ve hastalık ile ilgili genlerin çalışma, hastalığa özgü HESC pre-implantasyon genetik tanı (PGD) yaklaşımları ile izole edilebilir, ama yine de teknik açıdan zor ve embriyo bağışlar oldukça nadirdir. Bu sorunlar, uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücreler (hiPSCs) gelişmesine yol açmıştır kök hücre biyolojisi, ilerleme ile ilgilidir. İnsan iPSCs genetik yetişkin insan somatik hücrelerinden yeniden programlanan ve onları böyle d gibi rejeneratif tıp için yararlı bir kaynak yapar HESC benzer pluripotent kök hücre benzeri özellikler, liman vardırhalı keşif, hastalık modelleme ve hastaya özgü şekilde 1,2 hücre tedavisi. Bugüne kadar, virüs aracılı (retrovirüs ve adenovirüs) dahil olmak üzere insan iPSCs oluşturmak için çeşitli yöntemler, 3, non-virüs aracılı (BAC sistemi ve vektörler transfeksiyon) 4 gen transdüksiyon ve protein dağıtım sistemi 5-7 vardır. Virüs-aracılı gen iletim verimliliği belirli bir düzeyde olmak, ancak bunlar, kontrolsüz bir şekilde yeniden programlama genleri ifade etmek için bir ev sahibi kromozomları içine entegre, çünkü viral vektörler, genetik iz bırakabilir. Transkripsiyon faktörlerinin viral entegrasyonu etkinleştirmek veya konak genleri 8 inaktive olabilir bile, bu beklenmedik bir genetik sapma ve tümörgenez 5,9 riskini neden olabilir. Öte yandan, somatik hücrelere protein veya RNA doğrudan katılması bildirilmiştir, ancak bu emek-yoğun, tekrarlı transf gibi bazı dezavantajları vardır edildiection ve 7,10 yeniden programlama düşük seviyesi. Hatta epizomal olmayan entegre adenovirüs, adeno-bağlantılı virüs, ve plasmid vektörler yine 11 göreli olarak daha az verimlidir. Bu nedenlerden dolayı, iPSC nesil yüksek etkinlik ve daha az genetik anormallikler olmayan entegrasyon yeniden programlama yöntemlerini seçmek için makul. Bu çalışmada, bir-Sendai virüs esasına dayalı yeniden programlama kullanın. Bu yöntem, konakçı genomuna entegre olmayan ve tutarlı bir şekilde, transgen entegrasyon olmadan insan iPSCs üreten olduğu bilinmektedir.

<table><tbody><tr><td>CytoTune-iPS Reprogramming Kit</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>A1378002</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CF-6,MEFs, neomycin-resistant, mitomycin C treated&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Global stem</td><td>GSC-6105M</td><td>5 x 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;/6 cm or 12.5 x 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;/24-well plate</td></tr><tr><td>Trypsin EDTA 0.25% Trypsin with EDTA 4Na 1X</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>25200114</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DMEM/F-12 medium</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>11330-032</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24-well Cell Culture Plate, flat-bottom with lid</td><td>BD</td><td>353935</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Y-27632</td><td>TOCRIS</td><td>1254</td><td>10 &amp;#956;M (Stock: 10 mM)</td></tr><tr><td>basic fibroblast growth factor</td><td>LIFE TECHNOLOGIES</td><td>PHG0263</td><td>10 ng (Stock : 100 ug)</td></tr><tr><td>Knock-out serum replacement</td><td>Gibco</td><td>10828028</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dulbecco&amp;#039;s Modified Eagle Medium (D-MEM, DMEM) (1X), liquid (high glucose)</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>11965118</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal bovine serum</td><td>Thermo Scientific Fermentas</td><td>SH30071.03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>L-Glutamine-200 mM (100X), liquid</td><td>GIBCO</td><td>25030-081</td><td>1/100</td></tr><tr><td>MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids Solution, 100X</td><td>LIFE TECHNOLOGIES</td><td>11140050</td><td>1/100</td></tr><tr><td>2-Mercaptoethanol (1,000X), liquid</td><td>GIBCO</td><td>21985023</td><td>1/1,000</td></tr><tr><td>Hausser Phase Contrast Hemacytometers</td><td>Hausser Scientific</td><td>02-671-54</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>EmbryoMax 0.1% Gelatin Solution</td><td>Millipore</td><td>ES-006-B</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>SSEA-4</td><td>DSHB</td><td>MC-813-70</td><td>1/200</td></tr><tr><td>anti-Tra-1-81</td><td>Cell Signaling</td><td>4745S</td><td>1/200</td></tr><tr><td>mouse monoclonal Oct4 antibody</td><td>Santa Cruz</td><td>SC-5279</td><td>1/1,000</td></tr><tr><td>Nanog</td><td>R&amp;amp;D</td><td>AF1997</td><td>1/1,000</td></tr><tr><td>Alexa Flouor 488 goat anti-mouse</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>948492</td><td>1/2,000</td></tr><tr><td>DPBS (Dulbecco&amp;#039;s Phosphate-Buffered Saline), 1X without calcium &amp;amp; magnesium</td><td>Cellgro</td><td>21-031-CV</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit</td><td>QIAGEN</td><td>205313</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PCR Master Mix [2X]</td><td>Thermo Scientific Fermentas</td><td>K0171</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Trizol</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>15596018</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>picking hood</td><td>NuAire</td><td>NU-301</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>dissecting scope&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Nikon</td><td>SMZ745</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

efficient generation human induced pluripotent stem cells from human somatic cells with sendai-virus

Birkaç yıl önce, insan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücreler (iPSCs) kurulması biyomedikal yeni bir dönem başlatmıştır. Insan iPSCs potansiyel kullanımları, insan genetik hastalıklarının modellenmesi patogenezi, gen düzeltme sonrası otolog hücre tedavisi ve hastaya özgü ve belirti gerekli hücrelerin bir kaynağı sağlayarak kişiselleştirilmiş ilaç tarama içerir. Ancak, bu tür bir insan iPSCs üretim sonrası kalan yeniden programlama faktörü transgen ekspresyonunu ortadan kaldırarak üstesinden gelmek için çok engel vardır. Daha da önemlisi, farklılaşmamış insan iPSCs kalıntı transgen ifadesi doğru farklılaşmaları engel ve hastalıktan ilgili vitro fenotiplerinde yorumunu şaşırtıp-saptırırlar olabilir. Bu neden ile, entegrasyon içermeyen ve / veya transgen içermeyen insan iPSCs adenovirüs, piggyBac sistemi minicircle vektör epizomal vektörler, direkt protein temini gibi çeşitli yöntemler kullanılarak geliştirilmiş ve mRNA sentezlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, reprogra etkinliğientegrasyon-ücretsiz yöntemlerle features çoğu durumda oldukça düşüktür. Burada, Sendai-virüsü (RNA virüsü) tabanlı yeniden programlama sistemi kullanarak insan iPSCs izole etmek için bir yöntem mevcut. Bu yöntem, yeniden programlama tutarlı sonuçlar ve düşük maliyetli bir şekilde yüksek bir verimlilik göstermektedir.

Genellikle enfekte fibroblastlar Sendai virüs iletiminde sonra birkaç gün içinde herhangi bir morfolojik değişiklik görünmüyor, ancak beş gün sonra, farklı şekiller (Şekil 1) sahip başlar. Şekil 1, bir sağ panelde tarif edildiği gibi, hücreler, daha fazla tipik fibroblast morfolojiye sahip değildir. Bunlar sitoplazmada daha yuvarlak bir şekil ve büyük çekirdeği vardır. Transdüksiyon% 80 hücresel confluency gerçekleştirildiğinde bile onlar yeniden programla...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus at JoVE.com

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

Burada, biz tutarlı sonuç ve geliştirilmiş verimlilik gösterir Sendai virüs ile transgen-özgür insan iPSCs içine insan somatik hücreleri yeniden programlamak için kurulan yöntem sunuyoruz.

Sendai-virüs ile İnsan Somatik Verimli Üretimi İnsan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs ...

efficient-generation-human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells-from-human

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

22.5K Görüntüleme.  Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.  Burada, biz tutarlı sonuç ve geliştirilmiş verimlilik gösterir Sendai virüs ile transgen-özgür insan iPSCs içine insan somatik hücreleri yeniden programlamak için kurulan yöntem sunuyoruz. 

Video: Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Frozen Buffy Coats using Non-integrating Episomal Plasmids

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forcing the expression of four transcription factors (Oct-4, Sox-2, Klf-4, and c-Myc), typically expressed by human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Due to their similarity with hESCs, iPSCs have become an important tool for potential patient-specific regenerative medicine, avoiding ethical issues associated with hESCs. In order to obtain cells suitable for clinical application, transgene-free iPSCs need to be generated to avoid transgene reactivation, altered gene expression and misguided differentiation. Moreover, a highly efficient and inexpensive reprogramming method is necessary to derive sufficient iPSCs for therapeutic purposes. Given this need, an efficient non-integrating episomal plasmid approach is the preferable choice for iPSC derivation. Currently the most common cell type used for reprogramming purposes are fibroblasts, the isolation of which requires tissue biopsy, an invasive surgical procedure for the patient. Therefore, human peripheral blood represents the most accessible and least invasive tissue for iPSC generation.
In this study, a cost-effective and viral-free protocol using non-integrating episomal plasmids is reported for the generation of iPSCs from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) obtained from frozen buffy coats after whole blood centrifugation and without density gradient separation.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a source of patient-specific tissues for clinical applications and basic research. Here, we present a detailed protocol to reprogram human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) obtained from frozen buffy coats into viral-free iPSCs using non-integrating episomal plasmids.

Bütünleşmeyen episomal plasmidler kullanılarak dondurulmuş Buffy tüylerdeki uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin üretilmesi

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forcing the expression of four transcription factors (Oct-4, Sox-2, ...

Gelişim Biyolojisi

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral T Cells Using Sendai Virus in Feeder-free Conditions

Recently, iPSCs have attracted attention as a new source of cells for regenerative therapies. Although the initial method for generating iPSCs relied on dermal fibroblasts obtained by invasive biopsy and retroviral genomic insertion of transgenes, there have been many efforts to avoid these disadvantages. Human peripheral T cells are a unique cell source for generating iPSCs. iPSCs derived from T cells contain rearrangements of the T cell receptor (TCR) genes and are a source of antigen-specific T cells. Additionally, T cell receptor rearrangement in the genome has the potential to label individual cell lines and distinguish between transplanted and donor cells. For safe clinical application of iPSCs, it is important to minimize the risk of exposing newly generated iPSCs to harmful agents. Although fetal bovine serum and feeder cells have been essential for pluripotent stem cell culture, it is preferable to remove them from the culture system to reduce the risk of unpredictable pathogenicity. To address this, we have established a protocol for generating iPSCs from human peripheral T cells using Sendai virus to reduce the risk of exposing iPSCs to undefined pathogens. Although handling Sendai virus requires equipment with the appropriate biosafety level, Sendai virus infects activated T cells without genome insertion, yet with high efficiency. In this protocol, we demonstrate the generation of iPSCs from human peripheral T cells in feeder-free conditions using a combination of activated T cell culture and Sendai virus.

This protocol describes how to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human peripheral T cells in feeder-free conditions using a combination of matrigel and Sendai virus vectors containing reprogramming factors.

Besleyici içermeyen şartlar Sendai virüs kullanılarak insan periferik T hücrelerinden uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin üretilmesi

Recently, iPSCs have attracted attention as a new source of cells for regenerative therapies. Although the initial method for generating iPSCs relied on ...

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Melanoma Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes

Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can mediate durable and complete responses in significant subsets of patients with metastatic melanoma. Major obstacles of this approach are the reduced viability of transferred T cells, caused by telomere shortening, and the limited number of TILs obtained from patients. Less-differentiated T cells with long telomeres would be an ideal T cell subset for adoptive T cell therapy;however, generating large numbers of these less-differentiated T cells is problematic. This limitation of adoptive T cell therapy can be theoretically overcome by using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that self-renew, maintain pluripotency, have elongated telomeres, and provide an unlimited source of autologous T cells for immunotherapy. Here, we present a protocol to generate iPSCs using Sendai virus vectors for the transduction of reprogramming factors into TILs. This protocol generates fully reprogrammed, vector-free clones. These TIL-derived iPSCs might be able to generate less-differentiated patient- and tumor-specific T cells for adoptive T cell therapy.

The goal of this protocol is to show the protocol for reprogramming melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes into induced pluripotent stem cells.

İnsan Melanom tümör-süzücü lemfositler ile ilgili uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin üretilmesi

Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can mediate durable and complete responses in significant subsets ...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Generation from Blood Cells Using Sendai Virus and Centrifugation

The recent development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) proved that mature somatic cells can return to an undifferentiated, pluripotent state. Now, reprogramming is done with various types of adult somatic cells: keratinocytes, urine cells, fibroblasts, etc. Early experiments were usually done with dermal fibroblasts. However, this required an invasive surgical procedure to obtain fibroblasts from the patients. Therefore, suspension cells, such as blood and urine cells, were considered ideal for reprogramming because of the convenience of obtaining the primary cells. Here, we report an efficient protocol for iPSC generation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). By plating the transduced PBMCs serially to a new, matrix-coated plate using centrifugation, this protocol can easily provide iPSC colonies. This method is also applicable to umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs). This study presents a simple and efficient protocol for the reprogramming of PBMCs and CBMCs.

We propose a protocol for reprogramming peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). By plating the transduced blood cells onto matrix-coated plates with centrifugation, iPSCs are successfully induced from floating cells. This technique suggests a simple and effective reprogramming protocol for cells such as PBMCs and CBMCs.

Sendai Virüs ve santrifüj kullanılarak Kan Hücreleri indüklenmiş pluripotent kök hücre Üretimi

The recent development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) proved that mature somatic cells can return to an undifferentiated, pluripotent ...

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) hold great promise for disease modeling and regenerative therapies. We previously reported the use of Episomal Vectors (EV) to generate integration-free iPSCs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB MNCs). The episomal vectors used are DNA plasmids incorporated with oriP and EBNA1 elements from the Epstein-Barr (EB) virus, which&#160;allow for replication and long-term retainment of plasmids in mammalian cells, respectively. With further optimization, thousands of iPSC colonies can be obtained from 1 mL of peripheral blood. Two critical factors for achieving high reprogramming efficiencies&#160;are: 1) the use of a 2A &#34;self-cleavage&#34; peptide to link OCT4 and SOX2, thus achieving equimolar expression of the two factors; 2) the use of two vectors to express MYC and KLF4 individually. Here we describe a step-by-step protocol for generating integration-free iPSCs from adult peripheral blood samples. The generated iPSCs are integration-free as residual episomal plasmids are undetectable after five passages. Although the reprogramming efficiency is comparable to that of Sendai Virus (SV) vectors, EV plasmids are considerably more economical than the commercially available SV vectors. This affordable EV reprogramming system holds potential for clinical applications in regenerative medicine and provides an approach for the direct reprogramming of PB MNCs to integration-free mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, etc.

This protocol describes a detailed method for efficient generation of integration-free iPSCs from human adult peripheral blood cells. With the use of four oriP/EBNA-based episomal vectors to express the reprogramming factors, KLF4, MYC, BCL-XL, or OCT4 and SOX2, thousands of iPSC colonies can be obtained from 1 mL of peripheral blood.

Epizomal vektörlerin kullanılması insan periferik kan mononükleer hücrelerinden entegrasyon içermeyen uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin üretilmesi

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) hold great promise for disease modeling and regenerative therapies. We previously reported the use of Episomal ...

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Human Fibroblasts with the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing the pluripotent state in mouse fibroblasts.1 The same group also reported the successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using human versions of the same transcription factors delivered by retroviral vectors.2 Additionally, James Thomson et al. reported that the lentivirus-mediated co-expression of another set of factors (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28) was capable of reprogramming human somatic cells into iPS cells.3
iPS cells are similar to ES cells in morphology, proliferation and the ability to differentiate into all tissue types of the body. Human iPS cells have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction. The generation of patient-specific iPS cells circumvents an important roadblock to personalized regenerative medicine therapies by eliminating the potential for immune rejection of non-autologous transplanted cells.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming human fibroblast cells using the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set. We also show that cells reprogrammed with this set begin to show iPS morphology four days post-transduction. Using the Stemolecule Y27632, we selected for iPS cells and observed correct morphology after three sequential rounds of colony picking and passaging. We also demonstrate that after reprogramming cells displayed the pluripotency marker AP, surface markers TRA-1-81, TRA-1-60, SSEA-4, and SSEA-3, and nuclear markers Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.

We demonstrate the protocol for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human somatic cells using lentivirus-mediated delivery of the human factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and Lin28. Pluripotency was confirmed by morphology and the presence of embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific markers.

Stemgent İnsan TF lentivirüs İnsan Fibroblastlar yeniden programlanması Bağlı Pluripotent Kök Hücre Üretimi ayarla

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing ...

Biyoloji

Generation of Induced Neural Stem Cells from Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and Differentiation Toward Dopaminergic Neuron Precursors for Transplantation Studies

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the ventral mesencephalon (VM). Cell replacement therapy holds great promise for treatment of PD. Recently, induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate for cell replacement therapy due to the reduced risk of tumor formation and the plasticity to give rise to region-specific neurons and glia. iNSCs can be reprogrammed from autologous somatic cellular sources, such as fibroblasts, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) and various other types of cells. Compared with other types of somatic cells, PBMNCs are an appealing starter cell type because of the ease to access and expand in culture. Sendai virus (SeV), an RNA non-integrative virus, encoding reprogramming factors including human OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC, has a negative-sense, single-stranded, non-segmented genome that does not integrate into host genome, but only replicates in the cytoplasm of infected cells, offering an efficient and safe vehicle for reprogramming. In this study, we describe a protocol in which iNSCs are obtained by reprogramming PBMNCs, and differentiated into specialized VM DA neurons by a two-stage method. Then DA precursors are transplanted into unilaterally 6-hyroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned PD mouse models to evaluate the safety and efficacy for treatment of PD. This method provides a platform to investigate the functions and therapeutic effects of patient-specific DA neural cells in vitro and in vivo.

The protocol presents the reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to induce neural stem cells by Sendai virus infection, differentiation of iNSCs into dopaminergic neurons, transplantation of DA precursors into the unilaterally-lesioned Parkinson&#39;s disease mouse models, and evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iNSC-derived DA precursors for PD treatment.

Periferik mononükleer hücrelerden Indüklenen nöral kök hücrelerin üretimi ve transplantasyon çalışmaları için Dopaminergic neuron precursors doğru farklılaşma

Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the ventral ...

Efficient Generation and Editing of Feeder-free IPSCs from Human Pancreatic Cells Using the CRISPR-Cas9 System

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types of the body. The pluripotent cells are thus coveted for research in regenerative medicine and are currently in clinical trials for eye diseases, diabetes, heart diseases, and other disorders. The potential to differentiate into specialized cell types coupled with the recent advances in genome editing technologies including the CRISPR/Cas system have provided additional opportunities for tailoring the genome of iPSC for varied applications including disease modeling, gene therapy, and biasing pathways of differentiation, to name a few. Among the available editing technologies, the CRISPR/Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes has emerged as a tool of choice for site-specific editing of the eukaryotic genome. The CRISPRs are easily accessible, inexpensive, and highly efficient in engineering targeted edits. The system requires a Cas9 nuclease and a guide sequence (20-mer) specific to the genomic target abutting a 3-nucleotide &#34;NGG&#34; protospacer-adjacent-motif (PAM) for targeting Cas9 to the desired genomic locus, alongside a universal Cas9 binding tracer RNA (together called single guide RNA or sgRNA). Here we present a step-by-step protocol for efficient generation of feeder-independent and footprint-free iPSC and describe methodologies for genome editing of iPSC using the Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. The genome editing protocol is effective and can be easily multiplexed by pre-complexing sgRNAs for more than one target with the Cas9 protein and simultaneously delivering into the cells. Finally, we describe a simplified approach for identification and characterization of iPSCs with desired edits. Taken together, the outlined strategies are expected to streamline generation and editing of iPSC for manifold applications.

This protocol describes in detail the generation of footprint-free induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human pancreatic cells in feeder-free conditions, followed by editing using CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins and characterization of the modified single-cell clones.

Verimli üretimi ve besleyici-Alerjik IPSCs CRISPR-Cas9 sistemini kullanarak insan pankreas hücreleri düzenleme

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types of the body. The pluripotent cells are thus coveted ...

Biyomühendislik

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has been previously shown that human somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency by ectopic expression of four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Myc) and become induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)2-4 . Like hESCs, human iPSCs are pluripotent and a potential source for autologous cells. Here we describe the protocol to reprogram human fibroblast cells with the four reprogramming factors cloned into GFP-containing retroviral backbone4. Using the following protocol, we generate human iPSCs in 3-4 weeks under human ESC culture condition. Human iPSC colonies closely resemble hESCs in morphology and display the loss of GFP fluorescence as a result of retroviral transgene silencing. iPSC colonies isolated mechanically under a fluorescence microscope behave in a similar fashion as hESCs. In these cells, we detect the expression of multiple pluripotency genes and surface markers.

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

A method to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via retrovirus-mediated ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC is described. A practical way to identify human iPSC colonies based on GFP expression is also discussed.

GFP Retroviral Vector kullanarak İsteyerek Pluripotent Kök Hücrelerinin (iPSCs) içine İnsan somatik hücreleri yeniden programlama

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has ...

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Through the ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and cMyc, human somatic cells can be converted to a pluripotent state, generating so-called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)1-4. Patient-specific iPSCs lack the ethical concerns that surround embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and would bypass possible immune rejection. Thus, iPSCs have attracted considerable attention for disease modeling studies, the screening of pharmacological compounds, and regenerative therapies5.
We have shown the generation of transgene-free human iPSCs from patients with different lung diseases using a single excisable polycistronic lentiviral Stem Cell Cassette (STEMCCA) encoding the Yamanaka factors6. These iPSC lines were generated from skin fibroblasts, the most common cell type used for reprogramming. Normally, obtaining fibroblasts requires a skin punch biopsy followed by expansion of the cells in culture for a few passages. Importantly, a number of groups have reported the reprogramming of human peripheral blood cells into iPSCs7-9. In one study, a Tet inducible version of the STEMCCA vector was employed9, which required the blood cells to be simultaneously infected with a constitutively active lentivirus encoding the reverse tetracycline transactivator. In contrast to fibroblasts, peripheral blood cells can be collected via minimally invasive procedures, greatly reducing the discomfort and distress of the patient. A simple and effective protocol for reprogramming blood cells using a constitutive single excisable vector may accelerate the application of iPSC technology by making it accessible to a broader research community. Furthermore, reprogramming of peripheral blood cells allows for the generation of iPSCs from individuals in which skin biopsies should be avoided (i.e. aberrant scarring) or due to pre-existing disease conditions preventing access to punch biopsies.
Here we demonstrate a protocol for the generation of human iPSCs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using a single floxed-excisable lentiviral vector constitutively expressing the 4 factors. Freshly collected or thawed PBMCs are expanded for 9 days as described10,11 in medium containing ascorbic acid, SCF, IGF-1, IL-3 and EPO before being transduced with the STEMCCA lentivirus. Cells are then plated onto MEFs and ESC-like colonies can be visualized two weeks after infection. Finally, selected clones are expanded and tested for the expression of the pluripotency markers SSEA-4, Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81. This protocol is simple, robust and highly consistent, providing a reliable methodology for the generation of human iPSCs from readily accessible 4 ml of blood.

Here we show a simple and effective protocol for the generation of human iPSCs from 3-4 ml of peripheral blood using a single lentiviral reprogramming vector. Reprogramming of readily available blood cells promises to accelerate the utilization of iPSC technology by making it accessible to a broader research community.

STEMCCA lentiviral Vektör Kullanma Çevresel Blood İnsan İsteyerek Pluripotent Kök Hücre Üretimi

Through the ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and cMyc, human somatic cells can be converted to a pluripotent state, ...