Yazarlar hiçbir katkıda bulunanlar var.

Çalışma Protokolü düşük Vision Academy Etik Komitesi tarafından kabul edildi ve tüm konular Helsinki Bildirisi'ne uygun olarak yazılı izni imzaladı. Bu araştırma etik onay Loughborough ve Sheffield üniversitelerde--dan aldı.
Not: Suprachoroidal Otolog greft Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği (LRRT) tarafından almak için Kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu hastaların içerme ve dışlama kriterleri Tablo 1' de anlatılan.
1. kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu hastaların tanı
<ol><li>Tanı confocal tarama lazer ophthalmoscope, SD-Ekim ve MY tespit.</li>
	<li>Her grubun BCVA uzak ve yakın mesafe için değerlendirin. Ölçü VA yakın görüş (yakın çekim) puan (Puan) için. Zaman 0 BCVA (T0), 90 (T90), ölçü ve 180 gün (T180) erken tedavi diabetik retinopati çalışma için logMAR 4 metre (EDTRS) çizelgeleri karşılaştırıldı.</li>
	<li>Kayıt elektrik scotopic, mesopic ve photopic hücre aktivitesi veya klinik Elektrofizyoloji, vizyon (ISCEV)11için uluslararası toplum tarafından 2009 yılında belirlenen standartlara göre flash ERG.</li>
</ol>2. anesthetization
Not: Topikal anestezi anestezi ve sedasyon alt-bilir'ın infiltrasyonu tarafından güçlendirilmiş, anestezi sırasında LRRT altın standart 's. Belirli durumlarda, genel anestezi tercih edilmektedir.
<ol><li>Kornea edinin ve topikal yerel anestezi uygulayarak Konjonktival anestezi dropwise 15-20 dk lidocaine % 4 ve ropivacaine % 1 ile ameliyat öncesi telkin.</li>
	<li>Tarafından doğrudan içine alt Konjonktival infiltrasyon anestezi enjekte ve subtenon'ın alanlarda.</li>
	<li>Yerel infiltrasyon karın bölgesinde yağ dokusu elde edilir önce hem alt Konjonktival ve alt-bilir'ın alanlarda, 12 mm den limbus kullanın. Lokal anestezi carbocaine veya 1200 IU epinefrin ile karışık marcain evlat.</li>
	<li>Düzgün tekrarlanan küçük boli aracılığıyla bir narkotik analjezik olarak fentanil kullanarak gerçekleştirilen anestezi ile ameliyat sırasındaki sedasyon sağlar. Doz fentanil 0.025 mg bolus başına midazolam 1 mg ile genellikle olduğunu.</li>
</ol>3. Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği hazırlık
Not: Bu teknik bir değişken tarafından orbital Otolog yağ içinde subscleral alanı1,6,7,12nakledilen Pelaez'ın müdahale temsil eder. Cerrahi olarak aşılı hücreleri çevreleyen doku, koroid ve retina18,19,20,21,22 Nörotrofik ve angiotrophic özellikleri ile birçok GFs üretebilir ,23,24,25. LRRT, aşılı Otolog hücrelerin ve koroid arasındaki mesafe ile derin sclerectomy azalır ve SAP ve koroid arasında temas bölgesinin parakrin Otolog hücre salgı choroidal akışı9içine tanıtmak için genişletilir, 10,14.
<ol><li>Her göz ile hücresel aşılama koroid ve sklera, Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği (LRRT)15,16,17adlı bir yordam arasında ameliyattan önce uygun dezenfeksiyonu gerçekleştirin.</li>
	<li>Coleman vd ve karın yağ, sovrachoroidal alanı15,16,17SVF gelen Lawrence'nın tekniği (şekil 1) elde edilen ADSCs, greft.</li>
	<li>PRP jel aşağıdaki adımlarda size elde infiltrat adipose Transpediküler ile Trombosit elde.</li>
	<li>Kan6,12 santrifüj kapasitesi ve trombosit açısından zengin plazma (PRP) toplamak. Trombosit degranulation için uyarıcı GF yayın adipose Transpediküler6,12' neden olur.</li>
</ol>4. teknik özellikleri ve strateji
Not: Yağ dokusu toplanır ve hastalar, karın subkutan katmandan Lawrence ve Coleman tekniği17göre (Tablo reçetesi) saf.
<ol><li>El ile hasat 10 mL yağ dokusu 3 mm künt kanül kullanarak her hastanın karın subkutan katmanından bir kilitleme şırıngaya, Lawrence ve Coleman tekniği17 göre (şekil 2A/2B) bağlı.</li>
	<li>Santrifüjü 1.500 x g 20 ° c (Şekil 2C) de 5 min için tarafından kan, yağ, yağ ve sıvı yağ dokusunun saf SVF ayırın. SVF ADSCs17ve çok zengin biri.</li>
	<li>İnsan periferik kan 8 mL PRP hazırlık için ayrı bir tüp ve 22 G iğne ile toplamak.</li>
	<li>20 ° C'de (Şekil 2D) 1.500 x g, 5 min için toplanan kan santrifüj kapasitesi. LRRT, Otolog yağ dokuları, artan choroidal perfüzyon yanadır, ADSC yayılması daha iyi yaşama ve daha kapsamlı bir modülasyon sadece yağ7tarafındansalgılanan bu faktörlerin eyleminin ardından gelen değişiklikleri sonucu, 11,17.</li>
	<li>Yörünge yağlardan elde edilen greft karşılamak ve bu cep kalan hacmi ADSCs SVF ve PRP, Lawrence göre elde edilen karışımı ile doyurmak için suprachoroidal cep (daha fazla ayrıntı adım 4'te, belirli 4.4 ve 4.5) kurmak ve Coleman tekniği17.</li>
</ol>5. Suprachoroidal otogrefti tarafından LRRT (Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği): cerrahi müdahale ve teknik detayları
<ol><li>İnferior temporal limbus yakınındaki 6-0 ipek sütür ile sklera demir.</li>
	<li>5,5" Westcott Tenetomy eğri makas kullanarak inferior temporal limbus açık 11 mm, subconjunctival ve subtenonian alan.</li>
	<li>Limoli-Basile Konjonktival Retraktörü scleral cerrahi alan yapmak bu alana yerleştirin.</li>
	<li>5 mm Hilal bıçak açılı eğim kullanarak, bir kapak 8 mm'den limbus, sklera tarafında önceden kesilmiş. Kapak menteşe her zaman Radyal ve cerrah soluna.</li>
	<li>Limbus, 8 mm, inferior temporal çeyreğinde bir derin scleral 5 mm yan tarafından Radyal menteşe kullanarak bir Hilal bıçak, açılı eğim kadar aç kapıyı. Koroid kayrak rengini görüntülemek üzere bir yeterli derinlikte sclerectomy yerine getirir.</li>
	<li>Sonraki suprachoroidal otogrefti kan dolaşımını kolaylaştırmak için kapak, distal kısmında küçük bir operculum kaldırarak bir boşluk oluşturun.</li>
	<li>Oftamolojik Forseps ile bir boşluk inferior oblik kas yukarıda yörüngesel fat ayıklamak. Ayıklanan yağ yeterince onun implantasyon sonra hayatta kalmak izin vermek için skarların emin olun.</li>
	<li>Yavaşça choroidal yatak ve choroidal 6/0 polyglactin fiber kapıyı proksimal kenarında dikiş Otolog yağ kapağı yerleştirin.</li>
	<li>Sıkıştırma şişman Transpediküler veya onun besin damarları önlemek için scleral flep dikiş.</li>
	<li>Şişman Transpediküler stroma PRP jel (elde edilen aralıklarla kan malzemenin, bileşen ve trombosit degranulation26ayrılması tarafından) 1 mL ile sızmak 30 G açılı (30 °) kanül kullanarak.</li>
	<li>Konjonktiva kenarlarında dikiş için hazırlayın. Ardından, Konjonktival Retraktörü kaldırın.</li>
	<li>6/0 polyglactin fiber kullanarak konjonktiva, dikiş.</li>
	<li>Kapatmadan önce flep, koroid ve choroidal otogrefti arasındaki subscleral boşluğa Otolog yağ greft ile küçük bir esnek plastik tüp eklemek için bir boşluk bırakın.</li>
	<li>Otolog yağ greft, koroid ve scleral flep arasında kalan boşluk 0,5 ile emdirmek SVF (ADSCs zengin), cc scleral cebine eklenen adım 3.2, bir küçük esnek plastik tüp tarafından önceden hazırlanmış.</li>
	<li>Kalıntı alanı doyurarak sonra dikiş kapatın.</li>
	<li>Ameliyattan sonra 500 mg azitromisin ile Antibiyotik tedavisinin üç gün yönetmek. Ayrıca, bir antibiyotik ve steroid kombinasyonu ile kloramfenikol ve betametazon, gibi yaklaşık 15-20 gün-damla tedavisi sağlar. Not: yağ hücreleri, ADSCs SVF ve PRP oluşan bir otogrefti şimdi26elde. Otolog hücrelerin parakrin salgılanmasını choroidal akış içine uyarmak için derin sclerectomy aşılı Otolog hücrelerin ve koroid arasındaki mesafeyi azaltın. Aynı amaç için SAP ve koroid arasında temas alanı genişletin.</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>Daftarian, N., Kiani, S., Zahabi, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerative+therapy+for+retinal+disorders.">Regenerative therapy for retinal disorders.</a> J. Ophthalmic Vis. Res. 5, 250-264 (2010).</li><li>Thanos, C., Emerich, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delivery+of+neurotrophic+factors+and+therapeutic+proteins+for+retinal+diseases.">Delivery of neurotrophic factors and therapeutic proteins for retinal diseases.</a> Expert. Opin. Biol. Ther. 5, 1443-1452 (2005).</li><li>Cao, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+protection+of+photoreceptors+from+light+damage+by+pigment+epithelium-derived+factor.">In vivo protection of photoreceptors from light damage by pigment epithelium-derived factor.</a> Inv. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 42, 1646-1652 (2001).</li><li>Bhutto, I., Lutty, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+age-related+macular+degeneration+(AMD):+Relationships+between+the+photoreceptor/retinal+pigment+epithelium/Bruch's+membrane/choriocapillaris+complex.">Understanding age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Relationships between the photoreceptor/retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane/choriocapillaris complex.</a> Mol. Aspects Med. 33 (4), 295-317 (2012).</li><li>McHarg, S., Brace, N., Bishop, P. N., Clark, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enrichment+of+Bruch's+membrane+from+human+donor+eyes.">Enrichment of Bruch's membrane from human donor eyes.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (105), (2015).</li><li>Kevy, S. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+of+growth+factor+enriched+autologous+platelet+gel.">Preparation of growth factor enriched autologous platelet gel.</a> Transactions of the Society for Biomaterials 27th Annual Meeting. , (2001).</li><li>Schaffler, A., Buchler, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Concise+review:+adipose+tissue-derived+stromal+cells-basic+and+clinical+implications+for+novel+cell-based+therapies.">Concise review: adipose tissue-derived stromal cells-basic and clinical implications for novel cell-based therapies.</a> Stem Cells. 25, 818-882 (2007).</li><li>Filatov, V. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tissue+therapy.">Tissue therapy.</a> Med. Gen. Fr. 11, 3-5 (1951).</li><li>Pelaez, O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retinitis+pigmentosa.">Retinitis pigmentosa.</a> Cuban experience. , (1997).</li><li>Meduri, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+basic+fibroblast+growth+factor+on+the+retinal+degeneration+of+B6(A)-+Rperd12/J+(retinitis+pigmentosa)+mouse:+a+morphologic+and+ultrastructure+study.">Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on the retinal degeneration of B6(A)- Rperd12/J (retinitis pigmentosa) mouse: a morphologic and ultrastructure study.</a> ARVO 2007 Annual Meeting. , (2007).</li><li>Limoli, P. G., Vingolo, E. M., Morales, M. U., Nebbioso, M., Limoli, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preliminary+Study+on+Electrophysiological+Changes+After+Cellular+Autograft+in+Age-Related+Macular+Degeneration.">Preliminary Study on Electrophysiological Changes After Cellular Autograft in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.</a> Medicine. 93 (29), 355 (2014).</li><li>Tischler, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Platelet+rich+plasma:+The+use+of+autologous+growth+factors+to+enhance+bone+and+soft+tissue+grafts.">Platelet rich plasma: The use of autologous growth factors to enhance bone and soft tissue grafts.</a> N. Y. State Dent. J. 68, 22 (2002).</li><li>Zuk, P. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+adipose+tissue+is+a+source+of+multipotent+stem+cells.">Human adipose tissue is a source of multipotent stem cells.</a> Mol. Biol. Cell. 13 (12), 4279-4295 (2002).</li><li>Lin, K. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Topical+administration+of+orbital+fat-derived+stem+cells+promotes+corneal+tissue+regeneration.">Topical administration of orbital fat-derived stem cells promotes corneal tissue regeneration.</a> Stem Cell Res. Ther. 4 (3), 72 (2013).</li><li>Limoli, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+retinal+cell-neurorigeneration.+Principles,+applications+and+perspectives.">The retinal cell-neurorigeneration. Principles, applications and perspectives.</a> The growth factors. , 159-206 (2014).</li><li>Coleman, W. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Guidelines+of+care+for+liposuction.">Guidelines of care for liposuction.</a> J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 45, 438-447 (2001).</li><li>Lawrence, N., Coleman, W. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liposuction.">Liposuction.</a> J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 47, 105-108 (2002).</li><li>Kamao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+cell+sheets+aiming+for+clinical+application.">Characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium cell sheets aiming for clinical application.</a> Stem Cell Reports. 23 (2), 205-218 (2014).</li><li>Dang, Y., Zhang, C., Zhu, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem+cell+therapies+for+age-related+macular+degeneration:+the+past,+present,+and+future.">Stem cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration: the past, present, and future.</a> Clin. Interv. Aging. 10, 255-264 (2015).</li><li>Nebbioso, M., Livani, M. L., Steigerwalt, R. D., Panetta, V., Rispoli, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retina+in+rheumatic+diseases:+Standard+full+field+and+multifocal+electroretinography+in+hydroxychloroquine.">Retina in rheumatic diseases: Standard full field and multifocal electroretinography in hydroxychloroquine.</a> Clin. Exp. Optom. 94 (3), 276-283 (2011).</li><li>Wang, P., Mariman, E., Renes, J., Keijer, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+secretory+function+of+adipocytes+in+the+physiology+of+white+adipose+tissue.">The secretory function of adipocytes in the physiology of white adipose tissue.</a> J. Cell. Physiol. 216, 3-13 (2008).</li><li>Chen, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=VEGF-Mediated+Proliferation+of+Human+Adipose+Tissue-Derived+Stem+Cells.">VEGF-Mediated Proliferation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells.</a> PloS One. 8, 73673 (2013).</li><li>Bagchi, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vascular+endothelial+growth+factor+is+important+for+brown+adipose+tissue+development+and+maintenance.">Vascular endothelial growth factor is important for brown adipose tissue development and maintenance.</a> FASEB J. 27, 3257-3271 (2013).</li><li>Carron, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cultured+human+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells+differentially+express+thrombospondin-1,+-2,+-3,and+-4.">Cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells differentially express thrombospondin-1, -2, -3,and -4.</a> Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 32, 1137-1142 (2000).</li><li>Kim, S. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+pigment+epithelium-derived+factor+(PEDF)+and+vascular+endothelial+growth+factor+(VEGF)+in+sickle+cell+retina+and+choroid.">Expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in sickle cell retina and choroid.</a> Exp. Eye Res. 77, 433-445 (2003).</li><li>Limoli, P. G., Limoli, C., Vingolo, E. M., Scalinci, S. Z., Nebbioso, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cell+surgery+and+growth+factors+in+dry+age-related+macular+degeneration:+visual+prognosis+and+morphological+study.">Cell surgery and growth factors in dry age-related macular degeneration: visual prognosis and morphological study.</a> Oncotarget. 7 (30), 46913-46923 (2016).</li><li>Ueki, Y., Reh, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=EGF+stimulates+M&#252;ller+glial+proliferation+via+a+BMP-dependent+mechanism.">EGF stimulates M&#252;ller glial proliferation via a BMP-dependent mechanism.</a> Glia. 61, 778-789 (2013).</li><li>Kozlowski, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=RPE+cell+senescence:+A+key+contributor+to+age-related+macular+degeneration.">RPE cell senescence: A key contributor to age-related macular degeneration.</a> Med. Hypotheses. 78, 505-510 (2012).</li><li>Schneider, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+hematopoietic+factor+G-CSF+is+a+neuronal+ligand+that+counteracts+programmed+cell+death+and+drives+neurogenesis.">The hematopoietic factor G-CSF is a neuronal ligand that counteracts programmed cell death and drives neurogenesis.</a> J. Clin. Invest. 115, 2083-2098 (2015).</li><li>Yin, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oncomodulin+is+a+macrophage-derived+signal+for+axon+regeneration+in+retinal+ganglion+cells.">Oncomodulin is a macrophage-derived signal for axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.</a> Nat. Neurosci. 9, 843-852 (2006).</li></ol>

ARVO 2015 3-7 Mayıs-Denver, CO - ABD sundu.

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı adipositler, ADSCs SVF ve PRP suprachoroidal greft VA ve kuru AMD etkilenen gözde retina duyarlılık zamanla artırabilirsiniz olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için yapıldı. Başka bir ana hedefi birkaç preklinik çalışmalarda GF tabanlı terapisi çeşitli hastalıklarda hasta bakımı için yararlı olabilir düşündürmektedir beri son edebiyat dayalı bu hücreler, olası tedavi edici etkileri göstermekti.
Aslında, bazı çalışmalar Otolog İn...

Hücre tedavisi yaralı alanındaki birden çok kronik hastalıkların tedavisi için kök/progenitor hücreler sistemik veya yerel enjeksiyon oluşan, son on yılda1' yakın ilgi çekmiş olmalı. 1990'lardan beri büyüme faktörleri (GDS) retinal Atrofi2içindeki potansiyel terapötik rolü için incelenmiştir. Aslında, birçok insan hücreleri engellemek veya yavaş apoptosis, Yani, programlanmış ölüm hücreleri3edebiliyoruz belirli proteinler GFs üretebilir.
Kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu (AMD) nerede kademeli ve geri dönüşü olmayan hücre ölümü photoreceptor katman ve sonuç olarak, Merkez görsel işlev4kaybı yaralanma içerir atrofik bir retina hastalığı olduğu bilinmektedir. AMD önde gelen körlük kişilerde 55 yaşını doldurmuş gelişmiş ülkeler ve hesapları tarihi için etkili bir tedavi eksikliği tüm makula dejenerasyonlar % 80'i için nedenidir.
Çeşitli çalışmalarda çeşitli kaynaklardan içinden Otolog GFs elde edilebilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Bunlar farklı hücre tipleri, yörüngesel fat, trombosit açısından zengin plazma (PRP) türetilmiş trombosit ve yağ elde edilen kök hücreler (ADSCs) stromal vasküler kesir (SVF) yağ dokusunun5 dahil elde adipose stromal hücre de dahil olmak üzere oluşturan ,6,7. Retina neuroenhancement ve Filatov, Meduri, Pelaez tarafından yürütülen araştırmaya geçerli GF kümesi sağlar ve Limoli Otolog yağ nakli (AFT) etkili8,9,10olduğunu göstermiştir.
Ayrıca, bir önceki çalışma electroretinogram (ERG) veri, önemli gelişmeler gösterdi yazı suprachoroidal Otolog greft, Kuru göz AMD etkilenen11' kaydetti. Suprachoroidal uzayda cerrahi olarak aşılı doku retina hücreleri, onların apoptosis6,7,12geciktirerek parakrin salgılanmasını modülasyonlu. Dış nükleer tabaka kalınlığı göz önüne alındığında, eskiden şiling şimdi pigs retina histolojik muayene GFs retina üzerinde trofik etkisi göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, GFs doğrudan veya dolaylı kullanımı potansiyel terapötik moleküler indükleyicileri ve inhibitörleri6,7,12arasında dengeli bir ilişki üzerinden yararlar sağlayabilirler.
Bu yöntemin amacı adipositler, ADSCs SVF ve PRP suprachoroidal greft en iyi artırabilirsiniz olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için görme keskinliği (BCVA) ve microperimetry (MY) yanıtları kuru AMD etkilenen gözde düzeltilmiş var. Bu çalışma otogrefti atıf edebiyat6,7,12,13göre onun GF üretim temelinde tedavi edici etkisini göstermek amaçlamaktadır.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:680px;" width="681">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Blunt cannula, 3 mm.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Mentor, Santa Barbara, CA.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Luer-LokTM syringe.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Regen-BCT tube.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">RegenKit; RegenLab, Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, CH.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">&#160;RegenPRP Centri. RegenLab, Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, CH.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">BD Venflon Pro Safety 22G x 1.00 inch (0.9 mm x 25 mm).&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">SPSS Statistics Version 19.0</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Nidek Inc, Fremont, CA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Nidek F10&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Cirrus 5000 Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">&#160;SD-OCT&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Maia 100809 Microperimetry&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">CenterVue S.p.A., Padua, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Ocular electrophysiology electromedical system,</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">C.S.O., S.r.l., Scandicci, Italy</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>&#160;Retimax for ERG&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

regenerative therapy by suprachoroidal cell autograft in dry age-related macular degeneration: preliminary in vivo report

İnceleyerek bu çalışma olup olmadığını suprachoroidal greft Otolog hücrelerin en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (BCVA) artırabilir ve microperimetry (MY) tarafından etkilenen gözünde yanıt zamanla yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu (AMD) kuru hedefleniyor üretim ve büyüme faktörlerinin çevreleyen doku üzerinde (GDS) salgılanması. Hastalar her çalışma grubu için rastgele. Tüm hastalar BCVA 1 çözünürlük (logMAR) en az açısını logaritması daha büyük veya eşit ve kuru AMD ile tanısı konuldu. Bir suprachoroidal Otolog greft Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği (LRRT) tarafından 11 hastalardan 11 gözleri dahil Grup A gerçekleştirilmiştir. Teknik adipositler, stromal vasküler kesir ve trombosit trombosit açısından zengin plazma suprachoroidal uzayda üzerinden elde edilen yağ kaynaklı kök hücre implantasyonu tarafından gerçekleştirildi. Tersi durumda, Grup B 14 hastaların 14 gözleri de dahil olmak üzere, bir kontrol grubu kullanıldı. Her bir hasta için tanı confocal tarama lazer ophthalmoscope ve spektral etki alanı optik Koherens tomografi (SD-Ekim) tarafından doğrulandı. Grup A, BCVA geliştirilmiş 0.581-0.504 tarafından 90 gün ve 0,376 logMAR 180 gün (+32.20%) postoperatively. 11.44 dB 12.59 DB tarafından Ayrıca benim test arttı 180 gün. Koroid aşılı farklı hücre türleri sürekli GF salgı choroidal akışı sağlamak başardık. Sonuç olarak, görsel keskinlik (VA) aşılı grubunda artırabilir sonuçlar gösterir 6 ay sonra kontrol grubunda daha fazla.

Burada sunulan yordamını kullanarak iki grup BCVA 1 çözünürlük (logMAR), en küçük açı logaritması daha büyük veya eşit olan kuru AMD etkilenen hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Grup A, B 14 14 hastanın gözünde de dahil olmak üzere, grup ise 11 hasta, alınan suprachoroidal Otolog greft Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği (LRRT) tarafından 11 gözleri de dahil olmak üzere, bir kontrol grubu kullanıldı.
Öğre...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Regenerative Therapy by Suprachoroidal Cell Autograft in Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration: Preliminary In Vivo Report at JoVE.com

Regenerative Therapy by Suprachoroidal Cell Autograft in Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration: Preliminary In Vivo Report

Rejeneratif tedavisi ile Suprachoroidal hücre otogrefti içinde Kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu: ön Vivo içinde rapor

Bu çalışmada yağ kaynaklı kök stromal vasküler kesir bulunan hücreleri ve trombosit açısından zengin plazma Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği ile elde edilen trombosit suprachoroidal greft görme keskinliği artırabilirsiniz olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için hedeftir ve Kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu tarafından etkilenen gözde retina hassasiyeti yanıt.

This study is aimed at examining whether a suprachoroidal graft of autologous cells can improve best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and responses to ...

regenerative-therapy-suprachoroidal-cell-autograft-dry-age-related

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Regenerative Therapy by Suprachoroidal Cell Autograft in Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration: Preliminary In Vivo Report

10.0K Görüntüleme.  Low Vision Research Centre of Milan. Bu çalışmada yağ kaynaklı kök stromal vasküler kesir bulunan hücreleri ve trombosit açısından zengin plazma Limoli retina restorasyon tekniği ile elde edilen trombosit suprachoroidal greft görme keskinliği artırabilirsiniz olup olmadığını değerlendirmek için hedeftir ve Kuru yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu tarafından etkilenen gözde retina hassasiyeti yanıt.

Video: Regenerative Therapy by Suprachoroidal Cell Autograft in Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration: Preliminary In Vivo Report

In Vivo Canine Muscle Function Assay

We describe a minimally-invasive and reproducible method to measure canine pelvic limb muscle strength and muscle response to repeated eccentric 
contractions. The pelvic limb of an anesthetized dog is immobilized in a stereotactic frame to align the tibia at a right angle to the femur. Adhesive wrap affixes the 
paw to a pedal mounted on the shaft of a servomotor to measure torque. Percutaneous nerve stimulation activates pelvic limb muscles of the paw to either push (extend) or 
pull (flex) against the pedal to generate isometric torque. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation activates tibiotarsal extensor muscles. Repeated eccentric (lengthening) 
contractions are induced in the tibiotarsal flexor muscles by percutaneous peroneal nerve stimulation. The eccentric protocol consists of an initial isometric contraction 
followed by a forced stretch imposed by the servomotor. The rotation effectively lengthens the muscle while it contracts, e.g., an eccentric contraction. During 
stimulation flexor muscles are subjected to an 800 msec isometric and 200 msec eccentric contraction. This procedure is repeated every 5 sec. To avoid fatigue, 4 min rest 
follows every 10 contractions with a total of 30 contractions performed.

In Vivo Canine Muscle Function Assay

We describe a minimally-invasive and painless method to measure canine hindlimb muscle strength and muscle response to repeated eccentric contractions.

Vivo Köpek Kas Fonksiyon Testi

We describe a minimally-invasive and reproducible method to measure canine pelvic limb muscle strength and muscle response to repeated eccentric 
...

Tıp

Production and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cancers

Reactive oxygen species include a number of molecules that damage DNA and RNA and oxidize proteins and lipids (lipid peroxydation). These reactive molecules contain an oxygen and include H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), NO (nitric oxide), O2- (oxide anion), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), hydrochlorous acid (HOCl), and hydroxyl radical (OH-).
Oxidative species are produced not only under pathological situations (cancers, ischemic/reperfusion, neurologic and cardiovascular pathologies, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases 1, autoimmune diseases 2, etc&hellip;) but also during physiological (non-pathological) situations such as cellular metabolism 3, 4. Indeed, ROS play important roles in many cellular signaling pathways (proliferation, cell activation 5, 6, migration 7 etc..). ROS can be detrimental (it is then referred to as "oxidative and nitrosative stress") when produced in high amounts in the intracellular compartments and cells generally respond to ROS by upregulating antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) that protects them by converting dangerous free radicals to harmless molecules (i.e. water). Vitamins C and E have also been described as ROS scavengers (antioxidants).
Free radicals are beneficial in low amounts 3. Macrophage and neutrophils-mediated immune responses involve the production and release of NO, which inhibits viruses, pathogens and tumor proliferation 8. NO also reacts with other ROS and thus, also has a role as a detoxifier (ROS scavenger). Finally NO acts on vessels to regulate blood flow which is important for the adaptation of muscle to prolonged exercise 9, 10. Several publications have also demonstrated that ROS are involved in insulin sensitivity 11, 12.
Numerous methods to evaluate ROS production are available. In this article we propose several simple, fast, and affordable assays; these assays have been validated by many publications and are routinely used to detect ROS or its effects in mammalian cells. While some of these assays detect multiple ROS, others detect only a single ROS.

Production and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species ROS in Cancers

Here we propose simple methods to test and evaluate the presence of reactive oxygen species in cells.

Kanserler Üretim ve reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROS Algılama)

Reactive oxygen species include a number of molecules that damage DNA and RNA and oxidize proteins and lipids (lipid peroxydation). These reactive ...

A Murine Model of Muscle Training by Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a common clinical modality that is widely used to restore1, maintain2 or enhance3-5 muscle functional capacity. Transcutaneous surface stimulation of skeletal muscle involves a current flow between a cathode and an anode, thereby inducing excitement of the motor unit and the surrounding muscle fibers. 
NMES is an attractive modality to evaluate skeletal muscle adaptive responses for several reasons. First, it provides a reproducible experimental model in which physiological adaptations, such as myofiber hypertophy and muscle strengthening6, angiogenesis7-9, growth factor secretion9-11, and muscle precursor cell activation12 are well documented. Such physiological responses may be carefully titrated using different parameters of stimulation (for Cochrane review, see 13). In addition, NMES recruits motor units non-selectively, and in a spatially fixed and temporally synchronous manner14, offering the advantage of exerting a treatment effect on all fibers, regardless of fiber type. Although there are specified contraindications to NMES in clinical populations, including peripheral venous disorders or malignancy, for example, NMES is safe and feasible, even for those who are ill and/or bedridden and for populations in which rigorous exercise may be challenging. 
Here, we demonstrate the protocol for adapting commercially available electrodes and performing a NMES protocol using a murine model. This animal model has the advantage of utilizing a clinically available device and providing instant feedback regarding positioning of the electrode to elicit the desired muscle contractile effect. For the purpose of this manuscript, we will describe the protocol for muscle stimulation of the anterior compartment muscles of a mouse hindlimb.

A murine model of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), a safe and inexpensive clinical modality, to the anterior compartment muscles is described. This model has the advantage of modifying a readily available clinical device for the purpose of eliciting targeted and specific muscle contractions in mice.

Nöromüsküler Elektriksel Stimülasyon tarafından Kas Eğitimi A Mürin Modeli

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a common clinical modality that is widely used to restore1, maintain2 or enhance3-5 muscle functional ...

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

In vivo 19F MRI allows quantitative cell tracking without the use of ionizing radiation. It is a noninvasive technique that can be applied to humans. Here, we describe a general protocol for cell labeling, imaging, and image processing. The technique is applicable to various cell types and animal models, although here we focus on a typical mouse model for tracking murine immune cells. The most important issues for cell labeling are described, as these are relevant to all models. Similarly, key imaging parameters are listed, although the details will vary depending on the MRI system and the individual setup. Finally, we include an image processing protocol for quantification. Variations for this, and other parts of the protocol, are assessed in the Discussion section. Based on the detailed procedure described here, the user will need to adapt the protocol for each specific cell type, cell label, animal model, and imaging setup. Note that the protocol can also be adapted for human use, as long as clinical restrictions are met.

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

We describe a general protocol for in vivo cell tracking using MRI in a mouse model with ex vivo labeled cells. A typical protocol for cell labeling, image acquisition processing and quantification is included.

Hücre Takip için vivo 19 F MRG

In vivo 19F MRI allows quantitative cell tracking without the use of ionizing radiation. It is a noninvasive technique that can be applied to humans. ...

Detecting Abnormalities in Choroidal Vasculature in a Mouse Model of Age-related Macular Degeneration by Time-course Indocyanine Green Angiography

Indocyanine Green&#160;Angiography (or ICGA) is a technique performed by ophthalmologists to diagnose abnormalities of the choroidal and retinal vasculature of various eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). ICGA is especially useful to image the posterior choroidal vasculature of the eye due to its capability of penetrating through the pigmented layer with its infrared spectrum. ICGA time course can be divided into early, middle, and late phases. The three phases provide valuable information on the pathology of eye problems. Although time-course ICGA by intravenous (IV) injection is widely used in the clinic for the diagnosis and management of choroid problems, ICGA by intraperitoneal injection (IP) is commonly used in animal research. Here we demonstrated the technique to obtain high-resolution ICGA time-course images in mice by tail-vein injection and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. We used this technique to image the choroidal lesions in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration. Although it is much easier to introduce ICG to the mouse vasculature by IP, our data indicate that it is difficult to obtain reproducible ICGA time course images by IP-ICGA. In contrast, ICGA via tail vein injection provides high quality ICGA time-course images comparable to human studies. In addition, we showed that ICGA performed on albino mice gives clearer pictures of choroidal vessels than that performed on pigmented mice. We suggest that time-course IV-ICGA should become a standard practice in AMD research based on animal models.

Indocyanine Green Angiography (or ICGA) performed by tail vein injection provides high quality ICGA time course images to characterize abnormalities in mouse choroid.

Zaman kurs Indocyanine Yeşil Anjiyografi ile Yaşa Bağlı Makula Dejenerasyonu Fare Modeli Koroid vaskülatürüne anormallikleri tespit

Indocyanine Green&#160;Angiography (or ICGA) is a technique performed by ophthalmologists to diagnose abnormalities of the choroidal and retinal ...

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

Bone turns over continuously and is highly regenerative following injury. Osteogenic stem/progenitor cells have long been hypothesized to exist, but in vivo demonstration of such cells has only recently been attained. Here, in vivo imaging techniques to investigate the role of endogenous osteogenic stem/progenitor cells (OSPCs) and their progeny in bone repair are provided. Using osteo-lineage cell tracing models and intravital imaging of induced microfractures in calvarial bone, OSPCs can be directly observed during the first few days after injury, in which critical events in the early repair process occur. Injury sites can be sequentially imaged revealing that OSPCs relocate to the injury, increase in number and differentiate into bone forming osteoblasts. These methods offer a means of investigating the role of stem cell-intrinsic and extrinsic molecular regulators for bone regeneration and repair.

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

Quantitative measurement of bone progenitor function in fracture healing requires high resolution serial imaging technology. Here, protocols are provided for using intravital microscopy and osteo-lineage tracking to sequentially image and quantify the migration, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous osteogenic stem/progenitor cells in the process of repairing bone fracture.

Ardışık<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Kırık Onarım sırasında Osteojenik Kök / Progenitör Hücrelerinin Görüntüleme

Bone turns over continuously and is highly regenerative following injury. Osteogenic stem/progenitor cells have long been hypothesized to exist, but in ...

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse

A major symptom of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) is pain that&#160;is triggered by peripheral as well as central changes within the pain pathways. The current treatments for OA pain such as NSAIDS or opiates are neither sufficiently effective nor devoid of detrimental side effects. Animal models of OA are being developed to improve our understanding of OA-related pain mechanisms and define novel pharmacological targets for therapy. Currently available models of OA in rodents include surgical and chemical interventions into one knee joint. The monoiodoacetate (MIA) model has become a standard for modelling joint disruption in OA in both rats and mice. The model, which is easier to perform in the rat, involves injection of MIA into a knee joint that induces rapid pain-like responses in the ipsilateral limb, the level of which can be controlled by injection of different doses. Intra-articular injection of MIA disrupts chondrocyte glycolysis by inhibiting glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatase dehydrogenase and results in chondrocyte death, neovascularization, subchondral bone necrosis and collapse, as well as inflammation. The morphological changes of the articular cartilage and bone disruption are reflective of some aspects of patient pathology. Along with joint damage, MIA injection induces referred mechanical sensitivity in the ipsilateral hind paw and weight bearing deficits that are measurable and quantifiable. These behavioral changes resemble some of the symptoms reported by the patient population, thereby validating the MIA injection in the knee as a useful and relevant pre-clinical model of OA pain.
The aim of this article is to describe the methodology of intra-articular injections of MIA and the behavioral recordings of the associated development of hypersensitivity with a mind to highlight the necessary steps to give consistent and reliable recordings.

Osteoarthritis (OA), or degenerative joint disease, is a debilitating condition associated with pain that remains only partially controlled by available analgesics. Animal models are being developed to improve our understanding of OA-related pain mechanisms. Here we describe the methodology for the monoiodoacetate model of OA pain in the mouse.

Fare Osteoartrit Ağrı Monoiodoacetate Modeli

A major symptom of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) is pain that&#160;is triggered by peripheral as well as central changes within the pain pathways. The ...

Depletion of Mouse Cells from Human Tumor Xenografts Significantly Improves Downstream Analysis of Target Cells

The use of in vitro cell line models for cancer research has been a useful tool. However, it has been shown that these models fail to reliably mimic patient tumors in different assays1. Human tumor xenografts represent the gold standard with respect to tumor biology, drug discovery, and metastasis research 2-4. Tumor xenografts can be derived from different types of material like tumor cell lines, tumor tissue from primary patient tumors4 or serially transplanted tumors. When propagated in vivo, xenografted tissue is infiltrated and vascularized by cells of mouse origin. Multiple factors such as the tumor entity, the origin of xenografted material, growth rate and region of transplantation influence the composition and the amount of mouse cells present in tumor xenografts. However, even when these factors are kept constant, the degree of mouse cell contamination is highly variable.
Contaminating mouse cells significantly impair downstream analyses of human tumor xenografts. As mouse fibroblasts show high plating efficacies and proliferation rates, they tend to overgrow cultures of human tumor cells, especially slowly proliferating subpopulations. Mouse cell derived DNA, mRNA, and protein components can bias downstream gene expression analysis, next-generation sequencing, as well as proteome analysis 5. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a fast and easy method to isolate untouched human tumor cells from xenografted tumor tissue. This procedure is based on the comprehensive depletion of cells of mouse origin by combining automated tissue dissociation with the benchtop tissue dissociator and magnetic cell sorting. Here, we demonstrate that human target cells can be can be obtained with purities higher than 96% within less than 20 min independent of the tumor type.

Human tumor xenografts are vascularized and infiltrated by cells of mouse origin during the growth phase in vivo. To circumvent the bias caused by these contaminating cells during downstream analysis, we developed a method allowing for comprehensive depletion of all mouse cells by magnetic cell sorting.

İnsan Tümör ksenogratflarının gelen Fare Hücrelerinin tükenmesi Anlamlı Hedef Hücre Alt Analizi geliştirir

The use of in vitro cell line models for cancer research has been a useful tool. However, it has been shown that these models fail to reliably mimic ...

A Method for Quantifying Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Using Accelerometers

A key reason for referral to rehabilitation services after stroke and other neurological conditions is to improve one's ability to function in daily life. It has become important to measure a person's activities in daily life, and not just measure their capacity for activity in the structured environment of a clinic or laboratory. A wearable sensor that is now enabling measurement of daily movement is the accelerometer. Accelerometers are commercially-available devices resembling large wrist watches that can be worn throughout the day. Data from accelerometers can quantify how the limbs are engaged to perform activities in peoples' homes and communities. This report describes a methodology to collect accelerometry data and turn it into clinically-relevant information. First, data are collected by having the participant wear two accelerometers (one on each wrist) for 24 h or longer. The accelerometry data are then downloaded and processed to produce four different variables that describe key aspects of upper limb activity in daily life: hours of use, use ratio, magnitude ratio, and the bilateral magnitude. Density plots can be constructed that visually represent the data from the 24 h wearing period. The variables and their resultant density plots are highly consistent in neurologically-intact, community-dwelling adults. This striking consistency makes them a useful tool for determining if upper limb daily performance is different from normal. This methodology is appropriate for research studies investigating upper limb dysfunction and interventions designed to improve upper limb performance in daily life in people with stroke and other patient populations. Because of its relative simplicity, it may not be long before it is also incorporated in clinical neurorehabilitation practice.

This protocol describes a method to quantify upper limb performance in daily life using wrist-worn accelerometers.

Ivmeölçer kullanan Günlük Yaşamda Üst Ekstremite Performans miktarının Bir Yöntem

A key reason for referral to rehabilitation services after stroke and other neurological conditions is to improve one's ability to function in daily life. ...

Mechanical Micronization of Lipoaspirates for Regenerative Therapy

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has become a regenerative tool for various diseases; however, legislation strictly regulates the clinical application of cell products using collagenase. Here, we present a protocol to generate an injectable mixture of SVF cells and native extracellular matrix from adipose tissue by a purely mechanical process. Lipoaspirates are put into a centrifuge and spun at 1,200 x g for 3 min. The middle layer is collected and separated into two layers (high-density fat at the bottom and low-density fat on the top). The upper layer is directly emulsified by intersyringe shifting, at a rate of 20 mL/s for 6x to 8x. The emulsified fat is centrifuged at 2,000 x g for 3 min, and the sticky substance under the oil layer is collected and defined as the extracellular matrix (ECM)/SVF-gel. The oil on the top layer is collected. Approximately 5 mL of oil is added to 15 mL of high-density fat and emulsified by intersyringe shifting, at a rate of 20 mL/s for 6x to 8x. The emulsified fat is centrifuged at 2,000 x g for 3 min, and the sticky substance is also ECM/SVF-gel. After the transplantation of the ECM/SVF-gel into nude mice, the graft is harvested and assessed by histologic examination. The result shows that this product has the potential to regenerate into normal adipose tissue. This procedure is a simple, effective mechanical dissociation procedure to condense the SVF cells embedded in their natural supportive ECM for regenerative purposes.

Here, we present a protocol to obtain stromal vascular fraction from adipose tissue through a series of mechanical processes, which include emulsification and multiple centrifugations.

Lipoaspirates mekanik mikronize rejeneratif Terapisi için

Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has become a regenerative tool for various diseases; however, legislation strictly regulates the clinical application of ...