Source: Vy M. Dong and Faben Cruz, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA

This experiment will demonstrate the concept of a palladium-catalyzed cross coupling. The set-up of a typical Pd-catalyzed cross coupling reaction will be illustrated. Pd-catalyzed cross coupling reactions have had a profound effect on how synthetic chemists create molecules. These reactions have enabled chemists to construct bonds in new and more efficient ways. Such reactions have found widespread applications in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Pd-catalyzed cross coupling reactions add another tool to the chemist's toolbox for constructing carbon-carbon bonds, which are central to organic chemistry. The combination of the importance of making carbon-carbon bonds and the impact of Pd-catalyzed cross coupling have resulted in these reactions being the subject of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Ei-ichi Negishi, one of the recipients of the 2010 Nobel Prize in chemistry, explained in his Nobel lecture that one of his motivations for developing this chemistry was to develop "widely applicable straightforward Lego-like methods for hooking up two different organic groups".