Name: design of a biaxial mechanical loading bioreactor for tissue engineering
Uploaded: 2013-04-25T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af Kontoret for forskning og udvikling, RR &amp; D-service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, NIH Cobre 1P20RR024484, NIH K24 AR02128 og Department of Defense W81XWH-10-1-0643.

1.. Biaksial Loading bioreaktor Design <ol><li> Bioreaktoren beskæftiger to etaper fremstillet af Thor-labs (Newton, MA) for præcisionsstyrede laser applikationer til påføring enaksede eller biaksial mekanisk belastning til manipuleret væv, med stor præcision støddosis (amplitude og frekvens) og anvendelse på en bred vifte af vævskulturbetingelser fra enkelt til 24 brønde (figur 1). </li><li> Bi-aksial belastning opnås ved to travelmax faser (LNR50SE). Disse stadier er monteret vinkelret p?...

<ol>
	<li>Drachman, D. B., Sokoloff, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+movement+in+embryonic+joint+development.">The role of movement in embryonic joint development.</a> Devl. Biol. 14, 401-420 (1966).</li><li>Buschmann, M. D., Gluzband, Y. A., Grodzinsky, A. J., Hunziker, E. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mechanical+compression+modulates+matrix+biosynthesis+in+chondrocyte/agarose+culture.">Mechanical compression modulates matrix biosynthesis in chondrocyte/agarose culture.</a> J. Cell Sci. 108, 1497-1508 (1995).</li><li>Vunjak-Novakovic, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bioreactor+Cultivation+Conditions+Modulate+the+Composition+and+Mechanical+Properties+of+Tissue-Engineered+Cartilage.">Bioreactor Cultivation Conditions Modulate the Composition and Mechanical Properties of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 17, 130-138 (1999).</li><li>Gooch, K. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Mixing+Intensity+on+Tissue-Engineered+Cartilage.">Effects of Mixing Intensity on Tissue-Engineered Cartilage.</a> Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 72, 402-407 (2001).</li><li>Carver, S. E., Heath, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increasing+extracellular+matrix+production+in+regenerating+cartilage+with+intermittent+physiological+pressure.">Increasing extracellular matrix production in regenerating cartilage with intermittent physiological pressure.</a> Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 62, 166-174 (1999).</li><li>Frank, E. H., Jin, M., Loening, A. M., Levenston, M. E., Grodzinsky, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+versatile+shear+and+compression+apparatus+for+mechanical+stimulation+of+tissue+culture+explants.">A versatile shear and compression apparatus for mechanical stimulation of tissue culture explants.</a> J. Biomech. 33, 1523-1527 (2000).</li><li>Wagner, D. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hydrostatic+pressure+enhances+chondrogenic+differentiation+of+human+bone+marrow+stromal+cells+in+osteochondrogenic+medium.">Hydrostatic pressure enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells in osteochondrogenic medium.</a> Ann. Biomed. Eng. 36, 813-820 (2008).</li><li>Butler, D. L., Goldstein, S. A., Guilak, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+Tissue+Engineering:+The+Role+of+Biomechanics.">Functional Tissue Engineering: The Role of Biomechanics.</a> J. Biomech. Eng. 122, 570-575 (2000).</li><li>Guilak, F., Butler, D. L., Goldstein, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+Tissue+Engineering.+The+role+of+biomechanics+in+articular+cartilage+repair.">Functional Tissue Engineering. The role of biomechanics in articular cartilage repair.</a> Clin. Orthop. 391S, S295-S305 (2001).</li><li>Mauck, R. L., Byers, B. A., Yuan, X., Tuan, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+cartilaginous+ECM+gene+transcription+by+chondrocytes+and+MSCs+in+3D+culture+in+response+to+dynamic+loading.">Regulation of cartilaginous ECM gene transcription by chondrocytes and MSCs in 3D culture in response to dynamic loading.</a> Biomech. Model Mechanobiol. 6, 113-125 (2007).</li><li>Rubin, C., Xu, G., Judex, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+anabolic+activity+of+bone+tissue,+suppressed+by+disuse,+is+normalized+by+brief+exposure+to+extremely+low-magnitude+mechanical+stimuli.">The anabolic activity of bone tissue, suppressed by disuse, is normalized by brief exposure to extremely low-magnitude mechanical stimuli.</a> FASEB J. 15, 2225-2229 (2001).</li><li>Wimmer, M. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tribology+approach+to+the+engineering+and+study+of+articular+cartilage.">Tribology approach to the engineering and study of articular cartilage.</a> Tissue Eng. 10, 1436-1445 (2004).</li><li>Miyata, S., Tateishi, T., Ushida, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+cartilaginous+matrix+accumulation+on+viscoelastic+response+of+chondrocyte/agarose+constructs+under+dynamic+compressive+and+shear+loading.">Influence of cartilaginous matrix accumulation on viscoelastic response of chondrocyte/agarose constructs under dynamic compressive and shear loading.</a> J. Biomech. Eng. 130, 051016 (2008).</li><li>Heiner, A. D., Martin, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cartilage+responses+to+a+novel+triaxial+mechanostimulatory+culture+system.">Cartilage responses to a novel triaxial mechanostimulatory culture system.</a> J. Biomech. 37, 689-695 (2004).</li><li>Waldman, S. D., Couto, D. C., Grynpas, M. D., Pilliar, R. M., Kandel, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multi-axial+mechanical+stimulation+of+tissue+engineered+cartilage:+review.">Multi-axial mechanical stimulation of tissue engineered cartilage: review.</a> Eur. Cell Mater. 13, 66-73 (2007).</li><li>Wartella, K. A., Wayne, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bioreactor+for+biaxial+mechanical+stimulation+to+tissue+engineered+constructs.">Bioreactor for biaxial mechanical stimulation to tissue engineered constructs.</a> J. Biomech. Eng. 131, 044501 (2009).</li><li>Bian, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+mechanical+loading+enhances+functional+properties+of+tissue-engineered+cartilage+using+mature+canine+chondrocytes.">Dynamic mechanical loading enhances functional properties of tissue-engineered cartilage using mature canine chondrocytes.</a> Tissue Eng. Part A. 16, 1781-1790 (2010).</li><li>Bilgen, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Design+of+a+Biaxial+Loading+Device+for+Cartilage+Tissue+Engineering.">Design of a Biaxial Loading Device for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.</a> , 1815 (2011).</li><li>Mauck, R. L., Wang, C. C., Oswald, E. S., Ateshian, G. A., Hung, C. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+cell+seeding+density+and+nutrient+supply+for+articular+cartilage+tissue+engineering+with+deformational+loading.">The role of cell seeding density and nutrient supply for articular cartilage tissue engineering with deformational loading.</a> Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 11, 879-890 (2003).</li><li>Mauck, R. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+tissue+engineering+of+articular+cartilage+through+dynamic+loading+of+chondrocyte-seeded+agarose+gels.">Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels.</a> J. Biomech. Eng. 122, 252-260 (2000).</li><li>Demarteau, O., Jakob, M., Schafer, D., Heberer, M., Martin, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+validation+of+a+bioreactor+for+physical+stimulation+of+engineered+cartilage.">Development and validation of a bioreactor for physical stimulation of engineered cartilage.</a> Biorheology. 40, 331-336 (2003).</li><li>Grad, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surface+motion+upregulates+superficial+zone+protein+and+hyaluronan+production+in+chondrocyte-seeded+three-dimensional+scaffolds.">Surface motion upregulates superficial zone protein and hyaluronan production in chondrocyte-seeded three-dimensional scaffolds.</a> Tissue Eng. 11, 249-256 (2005).</li><li>Schatti, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+combination+of+shear+and+dynamic+compression+leads+to+mechanically+induced+chondrogenesis+of+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells.">A combination of shear and dynamic compression leads to mechanically induced chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells.</a> Eur. Cell Mater. 22, 214-225 (2011).</li></ol>

Vi har designet en belastning enhed, der er i stand til at anvende énakset eller biaksial mekanisk belastning til manipuleret væv konstruktioner fremstillet til transplantation. Enheden kan anvendes som en bioreaktor til in vitro dyrkning af industrielt biokompositter eller som en testindretning til at beskrive de mekaniske egenskaber af det native væv eller efter andre behandlinger før. Enheden emner manipuleret vævskonstruktioner til biaxial mekanisk belastning med stor præcision bolusdosis (amplitude o...

Vi har designet en belastning bioreaktor, der er i stand til at anvende énakset eller biaksial mekanisk belastning til en manipuleret væv biokompositter fabrikeret til transplantation. Denne enhed er primært beregnet som en bioreaktor for manipuleret erstatninger for ledbrusk, kunne den også anvendes til andre bærende væv i den menneskelige krop. Vores motivation i denne bioreaktor design stammer fra Drachman og Sokoloff 1, der gjorde den skelsættende observation af unormal dannelse af ledbrusk i lammede kyllingeembryoer grundet fravær af bevægelse. Tilsvarende motion er afgørende for udviklingen af ​​normale muskler og knogler. I overensstemmelse med dette koncept, har mange forskergrupper undersøgt, hvordan forskellige former for fysiske stimuli under in vitro dyrkning modulerer de biokemiske og mekaniske egenskaber af celle-biomateriale biokompositter og væv eksplanteret 2-7. Begrebet funktionelle vævsmanipuleringinvolverer in vitro-anvendelse af mekaniske stimuli for at forbedre de funktionelle egenskaber af væv, dvs de mekaniske egenskaber, der gør det muligt for vævet at modstå den forventede in vivo-stress og pres 8,9. Talrige undersøgelser indberette anvendelsen mekanisk belastning i form af forskydning og kompression til at stimulere manipuleret brusk konstruktioner for artikulær leddene. Mauck et al. 10. tyder på, at mekanisk belastning alene kan inducere chondrogenese af mesenkymale stamceller, selv i fravær af vækstfaktorer, der anses afgørende. Anvendelse af intermitterende mekanisk belastning, såsom kompression eller forskydning under væv dyrkning har vist sig at modulere brusk og knogledannelse, men den optimale dosimetrien lastningen afviger med celler og væv egenskaber 11. Den vigtigste funktion af ledbrusk er evnen til at modstå tryk-og forskydningskræfter undersamlingen, derfor har det at have høj trykstyrke og shear moduli. Manglen på funktionelle mekanisk styrke og fysiologiske ultrastruktur i manipuleret brusk har resulteret i opdeling neo-brusk in vivo og svigt af brusk udskiftning strategier i leddene. Selvom kompression og forskydning er blevet almindeligt påvist at modulere og forbedre mekaniske styrke af ledbrusken biokompositter, en kombination tilgang er sjælden 6,12-15. Wartella og Wayne 16 designet en bioreaktor, der blev anvendt spænding og kompression til at producere menisk brusk udskiftninger. Waldman et al. 15. konstrueret en anordning til at anvende kompression og forskydning til chondrocytter dyrket i et porøst calcium polyphosphat substrat. Bian et al. 17 viste mekaniske egenskaber matcher nativ brusk med in vitro dyrkning af voksne hunde chondrocyter i geler og anvendelse af biaksial mechnisk belastning (trykstyrke deformational lastning og glidende kontakt belastning). Den biaxial mekanisk belastning bioreaktor blev oprindeligt designet af Danielle Chu i vores laboratorium med det overordnede mål at fremkalde morfologiske tilpasninger manipuleret væv brusk konstruerer resulterer i højere tryk-og shear moduli end i øjeblikket tilgængelige 18 år. Vi tror denne forskning vil øge vores bredere forståelse af, hvordan mechanotransduction kan moduleres til ingeniør klinisk relevante væv.

<table border="1">
		<tbody>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>REAGENTS</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>DMEM, High glucose, pyruvate</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>11995</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Agarose Type II</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>CAS 39346-81-1 </td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Penicillin Streptomycin Glutamine 100X</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>10378-016</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>ITS+ Premix</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>354352</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Pen Strep Glutamine</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>10378-016</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Amphotericin B</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>041-95780</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ascorbic Acid</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A-2218</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Nonessential Amino Acid Solution 100x</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M-7145</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>L-proline</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P-5607</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Dexamethasone</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D-2915</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor &beta;1</td>
			<td>R&amp;D Systems</td>
			<td>240-B-010</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>EQUIPMENT</td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Model 31 Load Cell (1000 g)</td>
			<td>Honeywell</td>
			<td>AL311</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Single Channel Display</td>
			<td>Honeywell</td>
			<td>SC500</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>50 mm Linear Encoded Travelmax Stage with Stepper Actuator</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>LNR50SE/M</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Two Channel Stepper Motor Controller</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>BSC102</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>50 mm Trapezoidal Stepper Motor Drive (2)</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>DRV014</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Adjustable Kinematic Locator (4)</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>KL02</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Precision Right Angle Plate</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>AP90/M</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Vertical Mounting Bracket</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>LNR50P2/M</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Solid Aluminum Breadboard</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>MB3030/M</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Gel Casting System with 1.5 mm and 0.75 mm spacer plates </td>
			<td>BioRad</td>
			<td>#1653312 and #1653310 </td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Disposable Biopsy Punch, 5 mm</td>
			<td>Miltex, Inc.</td>
			<td>33-35</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>16 mm hollow punch</td>
			<td>Neiko Tools</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Non-Tissue Culture Treated Plates, 24 Well, Flat Bottom</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>351147</td>
			<td></td>
		 </tr>
		 <tr>
			<td>Ultra-Moisture-Resistant Polysulfone sheet for loading platens</td>
			<td>McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>86735k19</td>
			<td>Custom-machined</td>
		 </tr>
		</tbody>
 </table>

design of a biaxial mechanical loading bioreactor for tissue engineering

Vi har designet en belastning enhed, der er i stand til at anvende énakset eller biaksial mekanisk belastning til en manipuleret væv biokompositter fabrikeret til transplantation. Mens enheden primært fungerer som en bioreaktor, der efterligner de native mekaniske belastninger, er det også udstyret med en vejecelle til tilvejebringelse force feedback eller mekanisk prøvning af konstruktionerne. Enheden emner manipuleret brusk konstruktioner til biaxial mekanisk belastning med stor præcision støddosis (amplitude og frekvens), og er kompakt nok til at passe inde i en standard vævsdyrkningsinkubator. Den indlæser prøver direkte i en vævskultur plade, og flere pladestørrelser er forenelige med systemet. Enheden er designet ved brug komponenter, som fremstilles for præcisionsstyrede laser applikationer. Bi-aksial belastning opnås ved to ortogonale etaper. Etaperne har en 50 mm vandring rækkevidde og drives selvstændigt af stepmotor aktuatorer, der styres afet lukket kredsløb stepmotor driver, der er udstyret med mikro-Stepping kapaciteter, så trin kornstørrelser på mindre end 50 nm. En polysulfon loading plade er koblet til bi-aksial bevægelse platform. Flytninger af etaperne er kontrolleret af Thor-labs Avanceret Positioning Technology (APT) software. Stepper motor driver bruges sammen med software til at justere belastningen parametre frekvens og amplitude af både forskydning og kompression uafhængigt og samtidigt. Positionsfeedback er leveret af lineære optiske målesystemer, der har en tovejs gentagelsesnøjagtighed på 0,1 um og en opløsning på 20 nm, oversætte til et positionel nøjagtighed på mindre end 3 m over det fulde 50 mm vandring. Disse givere yde den nødvendige position feedback til køreelektronikken at sikre ægte nanopositioning kapaciteter. For at tilvejebringe den force feedback at detektere kontakt og evaluere loading svar er en præcision miniature vejecelle anbragt mellem lastningen valsen og Moving platform. Vejecellen har høje nøjagtighed af 0,15% til 0,25% af fuld skala.

Anordningen blev testet ved hjælp af agarosegeler podet med 20 millioner celler / ml chondrocytter og dyrket i nærvær af enaksede (kompression) eller biaksial (kompression og forskydning) mekanisk belastning. Primære porcine chondrocyter blev isoleret fra ledbrusken i 2-4 måneder gamle grise. 5 mm i diameter og 1,5 mm tykke prøver blev dyrket i 2 ml definerede chondrogent dyrkningsmedium (High glucose DMEM, 1% ITS + Premix 100 U / ml penicillin, 100 ug / ml streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamin, 2,5 ug / ml amphotericin B...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering at JoVE.com

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Vi har designet en roman mekanisk belastning bioreaktor, der kan anvende enaksede eller biaksial mekanisk belastning til en brusk biokomposit før transplantation ind i en ledbrusken defekt.

Design af en Biaksial Mekanisk Loading bioreaktor for Tissue Engineering

We  designed a loading device that is capable of applying uniaxial or biaxial  mechanical strain to a tissue engineered biocomposites fabricated for  ...

Research

Education

JoVE Core

JoVE Journal

Mechanical Engineering

Bioengineering

Unit 1

Analysis and Design of Beams for Bending

SCIENTISTS IN ACTION

Engineering Biological-Based Vascular Grafts Using a Pulsatile Bioreactor

Much effort has been devoted to develop and advance the methodology to regenerate functional small-diameter arterial bypasses. In the physiological ...

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

The aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the aorta, allows for unidirectional blood flow, preventing backflow into the ventricle. Aortic ...

Postproduction Processing of Electrospun Fibres for Tissue Engineering

Postproduktion Behandling af Electrospun Fibre til Tissue Engineering

Electrospinning is a commonly used and versatile method to produce  scaffolds (often biodegradable) for 3D tissue engineering.1, 2, 3 Many tissues in vivo ...

Design and Construction of Artificial Extracellular Matrix (aECM) Proteins from Escherichia coli for Skin Tissue Engineering

Design and Construction of Artificial Extracellular Matrix aECM Proteins from Escherichia coli for Skin Tissue Engineering

Design og konstruktion af Artificial ekstracellulære matrix (aECM) Proteiner fra<em&gt; Escherichia coli</em&gt; Til Hud Tissue Engineering

Recombinant technology is a versatile platform to create novel artificial proteins with tunable properties. For the last decade, many artificial proteins ...

Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber

Tissue Engineering by Intrinsic Vascularization in an In Vivo Tissue Engineering Chamber

Tissue Engineering af Intrinsic Vaskularisering i en<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Tissue Engineering Chamber

In reconstructive surgery, there is a clinical need for an alternative to the current methods of autologous reconstruction which are complex, costly and ...

Recombinant Collagen I Peptide Microcarriers for Cell Expansion and Their Potential Use As Cell Delivery System in a Bioreactor Model

Rekombinant kollagen I peptid Microcarriers for celle ekspansion og deres potentielle anvendelse som celle levering System i en bioreaktor Model

Tissue engineering is a promising field, focused on developing solutions for the increasing demand on tissues and organs regarding transplantation ...

Agarose-based Tissue Mimicking Optical Phantoms for Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

Agarosen-baserede væv efterligne optisk Phantoms for Diffuse Reflektionsgraden spektroskopi

This protocol describes how to make agarose-based tissue-mimicking phantoms and demonstrates how to determine their optical properties using a ...

Biaxial Mechanical Characterizations of Atrioventricular Heart Valves

Biaksiale mekaniske beskrivelser af atrioventrikulær hjerteklapper

Extensive biaxial mechanical testing of the atrioventricular heart valve leaflets can be utilized to derive&#160;optimal parameters used in constitutive ...

3D Bioprinting of Murine Cortical Astrocytes for Engineering Neural-Like Tissue

3D Bioprinting af Murine Kortikale Astrocytter til Engineering Neural-lignende Væv

Astrocytes are glial cells with an essential role in the central nervous system (CNS), including neuronal support and functionality. These cells also ...

Layer Microdissection of Tricuspid Valve Leaflets for Biaxial Mechanical Characterization and Microstructural Quantification

Lagmikrodissektion af tricuspidventilblade til biaksial mekanisk karakterisering og mikrostrukturel kvantificering

The tricuspid valve (TV) regulates the unidirectional flow of unoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle. The TV consists of three ...