Name: immunohistochemical analysis in the rat central nervous system and peripheral lymph node tissue sections
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Rat Central Nervous System and Peripheral Lymph Node Tissue Sections at JoVE.com

We thank Hans Lassmann and Jan Bauer for their guidance and support. We also thank Katalin Benedek for excellent technical assistance and Caroline Westerlund for critical and linguistic appraisal.
This study was supported by grants from Biogen Idec, the Wenner-Gren Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Association of Persons with Neurological Disabilities, Swedish Brain Foundation, the EU 6TH Framework EURATools (LSHG-CT-2005-019015) and Neuropromise (LSHM-CT-2005-018637). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Declaración de ética El presente estudio se realizó de acuerdo con las directrices de la Junta Nacional Sueca de Animales de Laboratorio y la Directiva del Consejo de la Comunidad Europea (86/609 / CEE), por los permisos éticos N338 / 09, N15 / 10 y N65 / 10, los cuales fueron aprobados por el Comité de Ética Animal Estocolmo Norte. 1. Preparación del tejido <ol><li> Perfusión y de fijación <ol><li> Anestesiar al animal con isoflurano para ...

<ol>
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Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+Ccl11+associates+with+immune+response+modulation+and+protection+against+neuroinflammation+in+rats.">Expression of Ccl11 associates with immune response modulation and protection against neuroinflammation in rats.</a> PloS one. 7, 39794 (2012).</li><li>Bauer, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endoplasmic+reticulum+stress+in+PLP-overexpressing+transgenic+rats:+gray+matter+oligodendrocytes+are+more+vulnerable+than+white+matter+oligodendrocytes.">Endoplasmic reticulum stress in PLP-overexpressing transgenic rats: gray matter oligodendrocytes are more vulnerable than white matter oligodendrocytes.</a> Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology. 61, 12-22 (2002).</li><li>Bradl, M., Bauer, J., Flugel, A., Wekerle, H., Lassmann, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complementary+contribution+of+CD4+and+CD8+T+lymphocytes+to+T-cell+infiltration+of+the+intact+and+the+degenerative+spinal+cord.">Complementary contribution of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes to T-cell infiltration of the intact and the degenerative spinal cord.</a> The American journal of pathology. 166, 1441-1450 (2005).</li><li>Zhang, C., Lam, T. 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R., Key, M. E., Kalra, K. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigen+retrieval+in+formalin-fixed,+paraffin-embedded+tissues:+an+enhancement+method+for+immunohistochemical+staining+based+on+microwave+oven+heating+of+tissue+sections.">Antigen retrieval in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: an enhancement method for immunohistochemical staining based on microwave oven heating of tissue sections.</a> The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 39, 741-748 (1991).</li><li>Huang, S. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunohistochemical+demonstration+of+hepatitis+B+core+and+surface+antigens+in+paraffin+sections.">Immunohistochemical demonstration of hepatitis B core and surface antigens in paraffin sections.</a> Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology. 33, 88-95 (1975).</li><li>Shi, S. R., Cote, R. J., Taylor, C. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigen+retrieval+immunohistochemistry:+past,+present,+and+future.">Antigen retrieval immunohistochemistry: past, present, and future.</a> The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 45, 327-343 (1997).</li><li>Taylor, C. R., Shi, S. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antigen+retrieval:+call+for+a+return+to+first+principles.">Antigen retrieval: call for a return to first principles.</a> Applied immunohistochemistry &amp; molecular morphology : AIMM / official publication of the Society for Applied Immunohistochemistry. 8, 173-174 (2000).</li><li>Kitamoto, T., Ogomori, K., Tateishi, J., Prusiner, S. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Formic+acid+pretreatment+enhances+immunostaining+of+cerebral+and+systemic+amyloids.">Formic acid pretreatment enhances immunostaining of cerebral and systemic amyloids.</a> Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology. 57, 230-236 (1987).</li><li>Nelson, P. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Monoclonal+antibodies.">Monoclonal antibodies.</a> Molecular pathology : MP. 53, 111-117 (2000).</li><li>Van der Loos, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Immunoenzyme multiple staining methods. , (1999).</li><li>Elias, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Immunohistopathology. A practical approach to diagnosis. , (2003).</li><li>Straus, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Letter:+Cleavage+of+heme+from+horseradish+peroxidase+by+methanol+with+inhibition+of+enzymic+activity.">Letter: Cleavage of heme from horseradish peroxidase by methanol with inhibition of enzymic activity.</a> The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 22, 908-911 (1974).</li><li>Streefkerk, J. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+erythrocyte+pseudoperoxidase+activity+by+treatment+with+hydrogen+peroxide+following+methanol.">Inhibition of erythrocyte pseudoperoxidase activity by treatment with hydrogen peroxide following methanol.</a> The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 20, 829-831 (1972).</li><li>Ponder, B. A., Wilkinson, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+endogenous+tissue+alkaline+phosphatase+with+the+use+of+alkaline+phosphatase+conjugates+in+immunohistochemistry.">Inhibition of endogenous tissue alkaline phosphatase with the use of alkaline phosphatase conjugates in immunohistochemistry.</a> The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society. 29, 981-984 (1981).</li><li>Petrelli, F., Coderoni, S., Moretti, P., Paparelli, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+biotin+on+phosphorylation,+acetylation,+methylation+of+rat+liver+histones.">Effect of biotin on phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation of rat liver histones.</a> Molecular biology reports. 4, 87-92 (1978).</li><li>Yagi, T., Terada, N., Baba, T., Ohno, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Localization+of+endogenous+biotin-containing+proteins+in+mouse+Bergmann+glial+cells.">Localization of endogenous biotin-containing proteins in mouse Bergmann glial cells.</a> The Histochemical journal. 34, 567-572 (2002).</li><li>Van Hecke, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Routine+Immunohistochemical+Staining+Today:+Choices+to+Make,+Challenges+to+Take.">Routine Immunohistochemical Staining Today: Choices to Make, Challenges to Take.</a> Journal of Histotechnology. 1, 45-54 (2002).</li></ol>

Los procedimientos estándar de IHC menudo requieren ajustes específicos para obtener un resultado óptimo, lo que comúnmente implica una amplia experiencia, sino también de &quot;ensayo y error&quot; enfoque. Desde la preparación hasta la visualización del tejido diana, casi cada paso en el protocolo puede ser sometida a modificaciones diseñadas de forma individual con el fin de mejorar el resultado final. protocolo de tinción doble que aquí se presenta un ejemplo de proteínas a base de IHC focalización parti...

A pesar de la utilización de tecnologías avanzadas de alto rendimiento de los análisis realizados en el metiloma, transcriptoma o incluso de proteoma, inmunotinción sigue siendo el estándar de oro para la detección de proteínas directamente en la muestra de tejido, cultivo celular o un frotis celular. Al revelar el patrón de localización / distribución, inmunohistoquímica (IHC) puede evaluar proporciones relativas y las interrelaciones topográficas de las proteínas diana, e incluso indicar sus actividades biológicas. Por lo tanto, IHC se utiliza ampliamente para fines clínicos y de investigación, por ejemplo, para el diagnóstico, tratamiento, evaluaciones estudio de los mecanismos de la enfermedad, alteraciones funcionales y fenotípicas en modelos animales, etc. Que comprende esencialmente la histología, patología, bioquímica e inmunología, IHC ha avanzado significativamente desde 1941, cuando se utilizaron anticuerpos marcados con fluorescencia por primera vez para identificar antígenos de neumococo en el tejido infectado 1. Visualization de productos y componentes por IHC celulares se basa en la unión de anticuerpos (Abs) a su antígeno específico (Ag). Además de utilizar anticuerpos fluoróforo etiquetado, reacciones inmunes también se pueden visualizar mediante el uso de enzimas como la peroxidasa de 2,3 o fosfatasa alcalina 4. Además, los anticuerpos de oro coloidal-etiquetado 5 se utilizan para detectar la interacción específica antígeno-anticuerpo tanto por microscopía óptica y electrónica, mientras marcadores radiactivos se visualizaron por autorradiografía. La inmunorreacción Ag-Ab se puede detectar a través de métodos directos e indirectos. El método directo es esencialmente más rápido y más sencillo, ya que utiliza directamente etiquetada Abs primaria 6. Sin embargo, debido a la significativa falta de sensibilidad, los métodos indirectos se prefieren a los directos. Procedimientos de detección indirecta de dos pasos requieren no marcados Abs primaria, ya que el primero, y se marcaron Abs secundarios dirigidos contra el Abs primario, como la segunda capa 7.la amplificación de la señal se puede lograr mediante la participación adicional, terciaria Ab enzima acoplada (de tres pasos método indirecto) que se une al Ab secundario. métodos de detección indirectos utilizados están avidina-biotina y peroxidasa-antiperoxidasa (PAP). Alternativamente, fosfatasa alcalina fosfatasa antialkaline (APAAP) complejo se puede utilizar en lugar del método PAP. En particular, la fosfatasa alcalina (AP) métodos parecen ser aún más sensible que los métodos de inmunoperoxidasa 4. método del complejo avidina-biotina (ABC) utiliza biotina Ab secundario en combinación con la etiqueta complejo avidina-biotina (LAB), o el etiquetado de estreptavidina-biotina (LOSA). Sensibilidad de detección se puede aumentar más mediante la participación de avidina marcada con peroxidasa o fosfatasa alcalina 8. Otros métodos de detección utilizados son el etiquetado polimérico, tiramina y la amplificación círculo 9 inmuno-balanceo. En particular, los métodos de detección diferentes se pueden combinar para la detección múltiple Ag en el mismo tejidomuestra, el cual fue reportado por primera vez en 1978 4. inmunotinción doble simultánea que aquí se presenta se realizó en fijado en formol, ratas incluido en parafina cortes de tejido del SNC y LN utilizando peroxidasa unida y AP-conjugado con anticuerpos secundarios, respectivamente. Las señales se visualizaron utilizando 3,3&#39;-diaminobencidina cromógeno (DAB) y el Fast Blue (FB) APAAP compleja, respectivamente.

<table border="1">
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td>Reagent</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Isoflurane 			(Isofluran): 1-Chlor-2,2,2-trifluorethyl (difluormethyl 			ether) 
 2-Chlor-2-(difluormethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluorethan 			(C3H2ClF5O)</td>
 <td>Baxter</td>
 <td>1001936060</td>
 <td>Eye 			irradiation. Probably influences fertility and damages baby in 			uterus. Administer only in adequately equipped anesthetizing 			environment.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sodiumchloride 			(NaCl)</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.0604</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Phosphate 			Buffer Saline (PBS), tablet</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>P4417</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Paraformaldehyde 			(OH(CH2O)nH (n = 8 - 100), 4% in 1x PBS </td>
 <td>Apl pharma</td>
 <td>34 24 28</td>
 <td>Health 			hazard. Corrosive. Flamable. Acute toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Ethanol 			&ge;99.5%, absolute (CH3CH2OH)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>459844-1L</td>
 <td>Flamable.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Xylene 			(Xylenes, histological grade; C6H4(CH3)2 </td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>534056</td>
 <td>Flamable. 			Acute toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Histo-Comp 			Paraffin 			Wax</td>
 <td>Tissue-Tek</td>
 <td>V0-5-1001 </td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Adhesive 			Microscope Slides</td>
 <td>Starfrost </td>
 <td>MIC-1040-W</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Xylol 			substitute XEM-200 </td>
 <td>Vogel GmbH</td>
 <td>ND-HS-200</td>
 <td>Respiratory 			sensitization. Carcinogenicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&alpha;- CD8 			(Ox-8) mouse anti-rat, primary antibody</td>
 <td>AbD 			Serotec</td>
 <td>MCA48G</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&alpha;- Iba1 			(AIF1) mouse anti-rat, primary antibody</td>
 <td>Millipore</td>
 <td>MABN92</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&alpha;- CD68 			(ED1) mouse anti-rat, primary antibody</td>
 <td>AbD 			Serotec </td>
 <td>MCA341R</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&alpha;- 			eotaxin C-19 (CCL11) goat anti-rat, primary antibody</td>
 <td>Santa Cruz 			BT</td>
 <td>SC-6181</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Alkaline 			phosphatase (AP)-conjugated secondary antibody</td>
 <td>Dakopatts, 			Denmark</td>
 <td>D0314</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Biotinylated 			secondary antibody</td>
 <td>Amersham 			Biotech</td>
 <td>RPN1025</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Avidin- 			horseradish peroxidase complex (HRP) </td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>A3151</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Naphthol 			AS-MX phosphate (C19H18NO5P)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>N4875-1G</td>
 <td>Acute 			toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Fast Blue 			RR Salt, Azoic Diazo No. 24 (C15H14ClN3O3 			x 			1/2 ZnCl2)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>FBS25</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Levamisol 			hydrochloride (C11H13ClN2S)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>31742</td>
 <td>Acute 			toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>3,3'-Diaminobenzidine 			tetrahydrochloride (DAB Chromogen)</td>
 <td>DAKO</td>
 <td>S3000 </td>
 <td>Highly 			flammable. Toxic.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Copper 			sulphate (CuSO4)</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.02791</td>
 <td>Acute 			toxicity. Environmental hazzard.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>GelTol 			Aqueous Mounting Medium</td>
 <td>Thermo 			Electron Corporation</td>
 <td>230100</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hydrogen 			peroxide, 30% (H2O2)</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>107210</td>
 <td>Acute 			toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Methanol 			(CH3OH)</td>
 <td>Fluka</td>
 <td>65543</td>
 <td>Acute 			toxicity. Respiratory sensitization. Carcinogenicity. Flammable.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Tris 			(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, TRIS base (C4H11NO3 			)</td>
 <td>AppliChem </td>
 <td>A1379</td>
 <td>Skin and 			eye irritation.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Tris 			Buffered Saline (TBS), tablet</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
 <td>T5030</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Di- Sodium 			hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (Na2HPO4 			x 			2H2O)</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.0658</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sodium 			dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate (NaH2PO4 			x 			1H2O) </td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.06346</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Fetal calf 			serum (FCS) </td>
 <td>Cambrex 			BioScience</td>
 <td>DE-14-802F</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>DAKO 			cytomation wash buffer 10x </td>
 <td>DAKO </td>
 <td>S3006</td>
 <td>Should be 			stored at 2-8 &deg;C to inhibit bacterial growth. Avoid foaming.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>N,N- 			Dimethylformamide; DMF (C3H7NO)</td>
 <td>Fluka</td>
 <td>40250</td>
 <td>Flammable. 			Acute toxicity.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Glas 			coverslips 24 x 36 mm </td>
 <td>Menzel-Gl&auml;ser</td>
 <td>BB024036A1</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hydrochloric acid, conc. (HCl)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich </td>
 <td>30721</td>
 <td>Corrosive, 			irritant, permeator. Lung sensitizer (as acid mist). Toxic.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hydrochloric acid solution 			volumetric, 2M HCl (2N) </td>
 <td>Fluka </td>
 <td>71826</td>
 <td>Corrosive, 			irritant, permeator. Lung sensitizer (as acid mist). Toxic.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Sodium 			nitrite, ReagentPlus, &ge;99.0% (NaNO2)</td>
 <td>Sigma-Aldrich </td>
 <td>S2252 </td>
 <td>Oxidant. 			Toxic. Dangerous for the environment.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic 			acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA; C10H14N2Na2O8 			x 2H2O)</td>
 <td>Merck</td>
 <td>1.08454</td>
 <td>Oral 			exposures may cause reproductive and developmental effects.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 <td> Equipment</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Tissue-Tek 			V.I.P 			Vacuum Infiltration Processor </td>
 <td>Sakura</td>
 <td>5902 VIP 			Jr. 115 V, 60 Hz</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Hacker-Bright 			8000 Series Base Sledge Microtome </td>
 <td>Hacker 			instruments</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Household 			food steamer </td>
 <td>Braun</td>
 <td>MultiGourmet 			FS 20</td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Light 			microscope </td>
 <td>Leica 			Polyvar 2</td>
 <td></td>
 <td></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>

immunohistochemical analysis in the rat central nervous system and peripheral lymph node tissue sections

La inmunohistoquímica (IHC) proporciona una visualización altamente específico, fiable y atractivo proteína. rendimiento correcta y la interpretación de un etiquetado multicolor basado en la IHC es un reto, especialmente cuando se utiliza para la evaluación de las interrelaciones entre las proteínas diana en el tejido con un alto contenido de grasa, tales como el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Nuestro protocolo representa un refinamiento de la técnica immunolabeling estándar especialmente ajustado para la detección de ambas proteínas estructurales y solubles en el CNS de rata y de los ganglios linfáticos periféricos (LN) afectadas por la neuroinflamación. No obstante, con o sin modificaciones adicionales, nuestro protocolo probablemente podría ser utilizado para la detección de proteínas relacionadas con otros objetivos, incluso en otros órganos y especies que aquí se presenta.

immunostainings dobles (co-tinciones) se realizaron en fijado en formol e incluido en parafina de rata secciones del SNC y LN. 3-5 micras rodajas de tejido espesor fueron cortadas usando un microtomo trineo, montados posteriormente en portaobjetos de vidrio recubierto con adhesivo previamente y se trata como se ha descrito previamente 10,11,12. En resumen, después deparaffinizing, la rehidratación del tejido y la inactivación de la peroxidasa endógena, las secciones se som...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Rat Central Nervous System and Peripheral Lymph Node Tissue Sections at JoVE.com

Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Rat Central Nervous System and Peripheral Lymph Node Tissue Sections

We here present an optimized, detailed protocol for double immunostaining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded rat central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral lymph node (LN) tissue sections.

El análisis inmunohistoquímico en el sistema nervioso central y periférico de la rata de nodo linfático secciones de tejido

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) provides highly specific, reliable and attractive protein visualization. Correct performance and interpretation of an IHC-based ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models

Medicamentos sistémicos y locales de entrega para el Tratamiento de Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central en modelos de roedores

Thorough preclinical testing of central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics includes a consideration of routes of administration and agent biodistribution ...

Investigación

Neurociencias

Multimodal Imaging of Stem Cell Implantation in the Central Nervous System of Mice

Imagen multimodal de implante de células madre en el sistema nervioso central de ratones

During the past decade, stem cell transplantation has gained increasing interest as primary or secondary therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases, ...

Production of Lentiviral Vectors for Transducing Cells from the Central Nervous System

La producción de vectores lentivirales de células transductoras del Sistema Nervioso Central

Efficient gene delivery in the central nervous system (CNS) is important in studying gene functions, modeling neurological diseases and developing ...

Labeling of Single Cells in the Central Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster

Labeling of Single Cells in the Central Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster

El marcaje de células individuales en el Sistema Nervioso Central de<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

In this  article we describe how to individually label neurons in the embryonic CNS of Drosophila melanogaster by juxtacellular injection of the ...

An Injury Paradigm to Investigate Central Nervous System Repair in Drosophila

An Injury Paradigm to Investigate Central Nervous System Repair in Drosophila

Un paradigma de Lesiones de investigar reparación del sistema nervioso central en<em&gt; Drosophila</em

An experimental method has been developed to investigate the cellular responses to central nervous system (CNS) injury using the fruit-fly Drosophila. ...

Direct Intraventricular Delivery of Drugs to the Rodent Central Nervous System

Entrega intraventricular directa de medicamentos al roedor Sistema Nervioso Central

Due to an inability to cross the blood brain barrier, certain drugs need to be directly delivered into the central nervous system (CNS). Our lab focuses ...

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

En Interrogatorio vivo del Sistema Nervioso Central Translatome por Polyribosome Fraccionamiento

Multiple processes are involved in gene expression including transcription, translation and stability of mRNAs and proteins. Each of these steps are ...

Immunohistochemical and Calcium Imaging Methods in Wholemount Rat Retina

Inmunohistoquímicos y métodos de imagen de calcio en Wholemount Rata Retina

In this paper we describe the tools, reagents, and the practical steps that are needed for: 1) successful preparation of wholemount retinas for ...

In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System

In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System

In vivo optogenético la estimulación del sistema nervioso central de roedores

The ability to probe defined neural circuits in awake, freely-moving animals with cell-type specificity, spatial precision, and high temporal resolution ...

Optical Clearing of the Mouse Central Nervous System Using Passive CLARITY

Clearing óptico del sistema nervioso central del ratón Utilizando CLARITY pasiva

Traditionally, tissue visualization has required that the tissue of interest be serially sectioned and imaged, subjecting each tissue section to unique ...